RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are increasingly gaining attention due to its characteristics of low toxicity, high activity, and stability. Additionally, Bacillus licheniformis, as a probiotic, has achieved remarkable research outcomes in diverse fields such as medicine, feed processing, and pesticides, attracting widespread attention. Consequently, evaluating the activity of probiotics and SeNPs is paramount. The utilization of probiotics to synthesize SeNPs, achieving large-scale industrialization, is a current hotspot in the field of SeNPs synthesis and is currently the most promising synthetic method. To minimize production costs and maximize yield of SeNPs, this study selected agricultural by-products that are nutrient-rich, cost-effective, and readily available as culture medium components. This approach not only fulfills industrial production requirements but also mitigates the impact on downstream processes. RESULTS: The experimental findings revealed that SeNPs synthesized by B. licheniformis F1 exhibited a spherical morphology with diameters ranging from 110 to 170 nm and demonstrating high stability. Both the secondary metabolites of B. licheniformis F1 and the synthesized SeNPs possessed significant free radical scavenging ability. To provide a more robust foundation for acquiring large quantities of SeNPs via fermentation with B. licheniformis F1, key factors were identified through single-factor experiments and response surface methodology (RSM) include a 2% seed liquid inoculum, a temperature of 37 â, and agitation at 180 rpm. Additionally, critical factors during the optimization process were corn powder (11.18 g/L), soybean meal (10.34 g/L), and NaCl (10.68 g/L). Upon validating the optimized conditions and culture medium, B. licheniformis F1 can synthesize nearly 100.00% SeNPs from 5 mmol/L sodium selenite. Subsequently, pilot-scale verification in a 5 L fermentor using the optimized medium resulted in a shortened fermentation time, significantly reducing production costs. CONCLUSION: In this study, the efficient production of SeNPs by the probiotic B. licheniformis F1 was successfully achieved, leading to a significant reduction in fermentation costs. The exploration of the practical applications of this strain holds significant potential and provides valuable guidance for facilitating the industrial-scale implementation of microbial synthesis of SeNPs.
Assuntos
Bacillus licheniformis , Meios de Cultura , Fermentação , Probióticos , Selênio , Bacillus licheniformis/metabolismo , Selênio/metabolismo , Meios de Cultura/química , Probióticos/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/químicaRESUMO
SUMOylation, which is a type of post-translational modification that involves covalent conjugation of small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) proteins to target substrates, regulates various important molecular and cellular processes, including transcription, the cell cycle, cell signaling, and DNA synthesis and repair. Newly synthesized SUMO is immature and cleaved by the SUMO-specific protease family, resulting in exposure of the C-terminal Gly-Gly motif to become the mature form. In the presence of ATP, mature SUMO is conjugated with the activating enzyme E1 through the cysteine residue of E1, followed by transfer to the cysteine residue of E2-conjugating enzyme Ubc9 in humans that recognizes and modifies the lysine residue of a substrate protein. E3 SUMO ligases promote SUMOylation. SUMOylation is a reversible modification and mediated by SUMO-specific proteases. Cumulative studies have indicated that SUMOylation affects the functions of protein substrates in various manners, including cellular localization and protein stability. Gene knockout studies in mice have revealed that several SUMO cycling machinery proteins are crucial for the development and differentiation of various cell lineages, including immune cells. Aberrant SUMOylation has been implicated in several types of diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the biochemistry of SUMO modification and the general biological functions of proteins involved in SUMOylation. In particular, this review focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which SUMOylation regulates the development, maturation, and functions of immune cells, including T, B, dendritic, and myeloid cells. This review also discusses the underlying relevance of disruption of SUMO cycling and site-specific interruption of SUMOylation on target proteins in immune cells in diseases, including cancers and infectious diseases.
Assuntos
Neoplasias , Enzimas de Conjugação de Ubiquitina , Humanos , Animais , Camundongos , Enzimas de Conjugação de Ubiquitina/genética , Enzimas de Conjugação de Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequenas Relacionadas à Ubiquitina/genética , Proteínas Modificadoras Pequenas Relacionadas à Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Sumoilação , Cisteína/genética , Ubiquitinas/metabolismo , Ubiquitina/metabolismo , Neoplasias/genéticaRESUMO
The protective effect of selenium (Se) against Hg-induced neurotoxicity has been widely investigated; however, the mechanisms behind this interaction have not been fully elucidated yet. In the current work, the role of Se against MeHg+-induced cytotoxicity in the human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) is reported for the first time by tracking Hg uptake and accumulation at the single-cell level by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry in single-cell mode (SC-ICP-MS). The influence of different Se species (SeMet, SeMeSeCys, citrate-SeNPs, and chitosan-SeNPs) on MeHg+ cytotoxicity was evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assays. SeMet and SeMeSeCys exhibited protective effects against MeHg+-induced cell death, particularly at high MeHg+ concentrations (LC50). In addition, chitosan-SeNPs showed greater protection compared to citrate-SeNPs when co-exposed with MeHg+. Interestingly, SC-ICP-MS unveiled the heterogeneous distribution of Hg uptake by SH-SY5Y cells. Co-exposure of SeMet and SeMeSeCys with MeHg+ led to a reduction of the amount of Hg accumulated per individual cell, which decreased the maximum level of Hg per cell by half (from 60 fg Hg cell-1 to 30 fg Hg cell-1) when SeMet was present, along with a decrease in the percentage of cells that accumulated the highest quantity of MeHg+. All these data corroborate the protective role of Se against Hg toxicity at the cellular level.
Assuntos
Quitosana , Mercúrio , Compostos de Metilmercúrio , Neuroblastoma , Selênio , Humanos , Selênio/farmacologia , Selênio/metabolismo , Compostos de Metilmercúrio/toxicidade , Compostos de Metilmercúrio/análise , Quitosana/farmacologia , Mercúrio/análise , Linhagem Celular , CitratosRESUMO
Lung cancer is a malignant tumor with high mortality and drug resistance. Therefore, it is urgent to explore natural and nontoxic drugs to treat lung cancer. In this study, the natural active ingredient AANL extracted from Agrocybe aegirita was used to modify nanoselenium by an oxidation-reduction method. Transmission electron microscope detection and infrared spectroscopy showed that a novel selenium nanocomposite named AANL-SeNPs was successfully prepared. The results of nanoscale characterization showed that AANL-SeNPs had good stability and uniform dispersion in aqueous solution by zeta potential and spectrum analysis. At the cellular level, we found that AANL-SeNPs significantly inhibited the cell viability of lung cancer cells, and the cell inhibition rate of 60 nM AANL-SeNPs was 39 % in H157 cells, 67 % in H147 cells, and 62 % in A549 cells. The IC50 value of AANL-SeNPs was 51.85 nM in A549 cells and 81.57 nM in H157 cells. Moreover, AANL-SeNPs could inhibit the cell proliferation and migration, and enhance the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to osimertinib and has no toxic to normal cells. In vivo, AANL-SeNPs significantly slowed tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice by establishing a subcutaneous transplantation tumor model for lung cancer, and the tumor size was smaller and was reduced about 79 % in 2 mg/kg AANL-SeNPs group compared with PBS group. Mechanistically, a total of 38 differentially expressed proteins were identified by data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. A significantly upregulated protein, CDC-like kinase 2 (CLK2), was screened and validated for further analysis, which showed that the expression levels of CLK2 were increased in H157 and H1437 cells after AANL-SeNPs treatment. The results obtained in this study suggest that a novel selenium nanocomposite AANL-SeNPs, which inhibits lung cancer by upregulating the expression of CLK2.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos , Proliferação de Células , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Nanocompostos , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases , Selênio , Regulação para Cima , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Nanocompostos/química , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , Animais , Selênio/química , Selênio/farmacologia , Camundongos , Regulação para Cima/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Serina-Treonina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Neoplasias Experimentais/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Experimentais/patologia , Neoplasias Experimentais/metabolismo , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Camundongos NusRESUMO
Selenium is an essential trace element for most organisms, protecting cells from oxidative damage caused by free radicals and serving as an adjunctive treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, We used the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus HN23 to reduce tetra-valent sodium selenite into particulate matter, and analyzed it through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). We found that it consisted of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with a mass composition of 65.8 % zero-valent selenium and some polysaccharide and polypeptide compounds, with particle sizes ranging from 60 to 300 nm. We also detected that SeNPs were much less toxic to cells than selenite. We further used free fatty acids (FFA)-induced WRL68 fatty liver cell model to study the therapeutic effect of SeNPs on NAFLD. The results show that SeNPs are more effective than selenite in reducing lipid deposition, increasing mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and antioxidant capacity of WRL68 cells, which is attributed to the chemical valence state of selenium and organic composition in SeNPs. In conclusion, SeNPs produced by probiotics L. acidophilus had the potential to alleviate NAFLD by reducing hepatocyte lipid deposition and oxidative damage. This study may open a new avenue for SeNPs drug development to treat NAFLD.
Assuntos
Nanopartículas , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Selênio , Humanos , Selênio/farmacologia , Selênio/química , Lactobacillus acidophilus/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Ácido Selenioso/química , Ácido Selenioso/metabolismo , LipídeosRESUMO
This study investigates the use of Excoecaria agallocha leaves as a bio-template for the intercalation of Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs). The synthesized SeNPs were characterized using techniques like SEM-EDX, TEM/HR-TEM, and XRD spectroscopic studies. The study found that SeNPs showed maximum cleaning ability at a dosage of 50 µl/mL, with 95% inhibition of DPPH radicals. However, cellular absorption was limited to 55% at concentrations of 300 µg/L over a 72-h period. The synthesized SeNPs also demonstrated a strong cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines, indicating their potential as anti-cancer agents. Further research is needed to fully explore the potential of these novel nanocomposites.
Assuntos
Antibacterianos , Antioxidantes , Selênio , Humanos , Selênio/química , Selênio/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/química , Células MCF-7 , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Folhas de Planta/química , Nanopartículas/química , Poluentes Ambientais/toxicidadeRESUMO
Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in motor and sensory deficits, or even paralysis. Due to the role of the cascade reaction, the effect of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the early and middle stages of SCI severely damage neurons, and most antioxidants cannot consistently eliminate ROS at non-toxic doses, which leads to a huge compromise in antioxidant treatment of SCI. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have excellent ROS scavenging bioactivity, but the toxicity control problem limits the therapeutic window. Here, we propose a synergistic therapeutic strategy of SeNPs encapsulated by ZIF-8 (SeNPs@ZIF-8) to obtain synergistic ROS scavenging activity. Three different spatial structures of SeNPs@ZIF-8 were synthesized and coated with ferrostatin-1, a ferroptosis inhibitor (FSZ NPs), to achieve enhanced anti-oxidant and anti-ferroptosis activity without toxicity. FSZ NPs promoted the maintenance of mitochondrial homeostasis, thereby regulating the expression of inflammatory factors and promoting the polarization of macrophages into M2 phenotype. In addition, the FSZ NPs presented strong abilities to promote neuronal maturation and axon growth through activating the WNT4-dependent pathways, while prevented glial scar formation. The current study demonstrates the powerful and versatile bioactive functions of FSZ NPs for SCI treatment and offers inspiration for other neural injury diseases.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Nanopartículas , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio , Selênio , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/química , Nanopartículas/química , Camundongos , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Selênio/química , Selênio/farmacologia , Neurônios/efeitos dos fármacos , Ferroptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Ratos , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Regeneração Nervosa/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Polystyrene microplastics (MPs) are persistent environmental pollutants commonly encountered in daily human life. Numerous studies have demonstrated their ability to induce liver damage, including oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation. However, limited information exists regarding preventive measures against this issue. In our study, we investigated the potential preventive role of selenium nanoparticles (YC-3-SeNPs) derived from Yak-derived Bacillus cereus, a novel nanobiomaterial known for its antioxidant properties and lipid metabolism regulation. Using transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we identified key genes and metabolites associated with oxidative stress and lipid metabolism imbalance induced by MPs. Upregulated genes (Scd1, Fasn, Irs2, and Lpin) and elevated levels of arachidonic and palmitic acid accumulation were observed in MP-exposed mice, but not in those exposed to SeNPs. Further experiments confirmed that SeNPs significantly attenuated liver lipid accumulation and degeneration caused by MPs. Histological results and pathway screening validated our findings, revealing that MPs suppressed the Pparα pathway and Nrf2 pathway, whereas SeNPs activated both pathways. These findings suggest that MPs may contribute to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), while SeNPs hold promise as a future nanobio-product for its prevention.
Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Selênio , Camundongos , Humanos , Animais , Selênio/farmacologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/induzido quimicamente , Plásticos , Microplásticos/toxicidade , Estresse Oxidativo , LipídeosRESUMO
Selenium (Se)-rich Cyclocarya paliurus is popular for its bioactive components, and exogenous Se fortification is the most effective means of enrichment. However, the effects of exogenous Se fortification on the nutritional quality of C. paliurus are not well known. To investigate the nutrient contents and antioxidant properties of C. paliurus following Se treatment, we used a foliar spray to apply Se in two forms-chemical nano-Se (Che-SeNPs) and sodium selenite (Na2SeO3). Sampling began 10 days after spraying and was conducted every 5 days until day 30. The Se, secondary metabolite, malondialdehyde contents, antioxidant enzyme activity, Se speciation, and Se-metabolism-related gene expression patterns were analyzed in the collected samples. Exogenous Se enhancement effectively increased the Se content of leaves, reaching a maximum on days 10 and 15 of sampling, while the contents of flavonoids, triterpenes, and polyphenols increased significantly during the same period. In addition, the application of Se significantly enhanced total antioxidant activity, especially the activity of the antioxidant enzyme peroxidase. Furthermore, a positive correlation between the alleviation of lipid peroxidation and Se content was observed, while methylselenocysteine formation was an effective means of alleviating Se stress. Finally, Na2SeO3 exhibited better absorption and conversion efficiency than Che-SeNPs in C. paliurus.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes , Folhas de Planta , Selênio , Selenito de Sódio , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Selênio/metabolismo , Selênio/análise , Folhas de Planta/química , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Selenito de Sódio/farmacologia , Selenito de Sódio/metabolismo , Juglandaceae/química , Flavonoides/metabolismo , Flavonoides/análise , Peroxidação de Lipídeos/efeitos dos fármacos , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Polifenóis/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas/efeitos dos fármacos , Triterpenos/metabolismoRESUMO
Acting as a growth regulator, Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is an important phytohormone that can be produced by several Bacillus species. However, few studies have been published on the comprehensive evaluation of the strains for practical applications and the effects of selenium species on their IAA-producing ability. The present study showed the selenite reduction strain Bacillus altitudinis LH18, which is capable of producing selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at a high yield in a cost-effective manner. Bio-SeNPs were systematically characterized by using DLS, zeta potential, SEM, and FTIR. The results showed that these bio-SeNPs were small in particle size, homogeneously dispersed, and highly stable. Significantly, the IAA-producing ability of strain was differently affected under different selenium species. The addition of SeNPs and sodium selenite resulted in IAA contents of 221.7 µg/mL and 91.01 µg/mL, respectively, which were 3.23 and 1.33 times higher than that of the control. This study is the first to examine the influence of various selenium species on the IAA-producing capacity of Bacillus spp., providing a theoretical foundation for the enhancement of the IAA-production potential of microorganisms.
Assuntos
Bacillus , Ácidos Indolacéticos , Selênio , Ácidos Indolacéticos/metabolismo , Bacillus/metabolismo , Bacillus/efeitos dos fármacos , Selênio/química , Selênio/farmacologia , Selênio/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/química , Tamanho da PartículaRESUMO
Pollution and climate change pose significant threats to aquatic ecosystems, with adverse impacts on aquatic animals, including fish. Climate change increases the toxicity of metal in aquatic ecosystems. To understand the severity of metal pollution and climate change, an experiment was conducted to delineate the mitigation potential of selenium (Se) and selenium nanoparticles (Se-NPs) against lead (Pb) and high temperature stress in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. For the experiment, five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were prepared, varying in selenium supplementation as Se at 0, 1, and 2 mg kg-1 diet, and Se-NPs at 1 and 2 mg kg-1 diet. The fish in stressor groups were exposed to Pb (1/20th of LC50 concentration, 4 ppm) and high temperature (34 °C) throughout the experiment. The results demonstrated that dietary supplementation of Se at 1 and 2 mg kg-1 diet, as well as Se-NPs at 1 mg kg-1 diet, significantly reduced (p < 0.01) the levels of lactate dehydrogenase and malate dehydrogenase in both liver and muscle tissues. Additionally, the levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase in both gill and liver tissues were significantly decreased (p < 0.01) with the inclusion of Se and Se-NPs in the diets. Furthermore, the enzymes glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in gill and liver tissues, fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase in liver and muscle tissues, and acid phosphatase in liver tissue were remarkably reduced (p < 0.01) due to the supplementation of Se and Se-NPs. Moreover, dietary supplementation of Se and Se-NPs significantly enhanced (p < 0.01) the activity of pyruvate kinase, glucokinase, hexokinase, alkaline phosphatase, ATPase, protease, amylase, lipase, and RNA/DNA ratio in the fish. Histopathological examination of gill and liver tissues also indicated that Se and Se-NPs protected against structural damage caused by lead and high-temperature stress. Moreover, the study examined the bioaccumulation of selenium and lead in muscle, water, and diets. The aim of the study revealed that Se and Se-NPs effectively protected the fish from lead toxicity and high-temperature stress, while also improving the function of cellular metabolic enzymes in P. hypophthalmus.
Assuntos
Peixes-Gato , Nanopartículas , Selênio , Animais , Chumbo/metabolismo , Ecossistema , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Peixes-Gato/fisiologiaRESUMO
Endemic selenium (Se) deficiency is a major worldwide nutritional challenge. Organic Se can be synthesized through physical and chemical methods that are conducive to human absorption, but its high production cost and low output cannot meet the actual demand for Se supplementation. Some microbes are known to convert inorganic Se into organic forms of high nutritional value and Se-enriched probiotics are the main representatives. The aim of the present review is to describe the characteristics of Se-enriched yeast, lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria and discuss their Se enrichment mechanisms. Se products metabolized by Se-enriched probiotics have been classified, such as Se nanoparticles (SeNPs) and selenoprotein, and their bioactivities have been assessed. The factors affecting the Se enrichment capacity of probiotics and their application in animal feed, food additives, and functional food production have been summarized. Moreover, a brief summary and the development of Se-enriched probiotics, particularly their potential applications in the field of biomedicine have been provided. In conclusion, Se-enriched probiotics not just have a wide range of applications in the food industry but also have great potential for application in the field of biomedicine in the future.
Assuntos
Lactobacillales , Probióticos , Selênio , Animais , Humanos , Lactobacillales/metabolismo , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolismo , Bifidobacterium/metabolismoRESUMO
The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer are among the highest in the world. Traditional treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Although rapid progress has been achieved in the past decade, treatment limitations remain. It is therefore imperative to identify safer and more effective therapeutic methods, and research is currently being conducted to identify more efficient and less harmful drugs. In recent years, the discovery of antitumor drugs based on the essential trace element selenium (Se) has provided good prospects for lung cancer treatments. In particular, compared to inorganic Se (Inorg-Se) and organic Se (Org-Se), Se nanomedicine (Se nanoparticles; SeNPs) shows much higher bioavailability and antioxidant activity and lower toxicity. SeNPs can also be used as a drug delivery carrier to better regulate protein and DNA biosynthesis and protein kinase C activity, thus playing a role in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation. SeNPs can also effectively activate antigen-presenting cells to stimulate cell immunity, exert regulatory effects on innate and regulatory immunity, and enhance lung cancer immunotherapy. This review summarizes the application of Se-based species and materials in lung cancer diagnosis, including fluorescence, MR, CT, photoacoustic imaging and other diagnostic methods, as well as treatments, including direct killing, radiosensitization, chemotherapeutic sensitization, photothermodynamics, and enhanced immunotherapy. In addition, the application prospects and challenges of Se-based drugs in lung cancer are examined, as well as their forecasted future clinical applications and sustainable development.
Assuntos
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Nanopartículas , Selênio , Humanos , Selênio/uso terapêutico , Selênio/metabolismo , Medicina de Precisão , Nanomedicina , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Nanopartículas/uso terapêutico , Portadores de FármacosRESUMO
Selenium nanocrystals (SeNPs) were developed using Coccinia grandis fruit (CGF) extract by green microwave approach. The morphological characters revealed that the quasi SeNPs with dimensions ranging from 12 to 24 nm have been arranged in encapsulated spherical geometries with dimensions ranging from 0.47 to 0.71 m. The DPPH assay revealed that SeNPs at a concentration of 70 µl of 99.2% had the greatest possible scavenging capacity. The nanoparticle concentrations were around 500 g/mL and the cellular uptake of SeNPs through living thing extracellular matrix cell lines in vitro was limited to 75.1 ± 3.8%. The biocidal activity was tested against E. coli, B. cereus, and S. aureus strains. Since it had the greatest MIC against B. cereus with 32 mm compared with the reference antibiotics. These incredible qualities of SeNPs suggest that attempting to manipulate multi-purpose nanoparticles for powerful and flexible wound and skin therapeutic innovations is very impressive.
RESUMO
The treatment of influenza caused by H1N1 has been the focus of much attention. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have been used in many aspects of research in the last two decades. They have shown excellent performance in antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant functions. Previous anti-H1N1 cell experiments using SeNPs have shown that they have evident antiviral effects and low toxicities. This study focuses on the mechanism of selenium nanoparticles against an H1N1 influenza virus infection in vivo. The results showed that the selenium levels in the body decreased after an H1N1 virus infection, and inflammatory factors in the lung tissues increased abnormally, leading to the onset and aggravation of an inflammatory response. The H1N1 virus infection also led to the excessive activation of apoptotic pathways in the body and induced the apoptosis of tissue cells. In addition, this study found that SeNPs can alleviate this phenomenon. All results showed that SeNPs are promising inhibitors for controlling influenza H1N1 virus infections.
RESUMO
The use of aqueous cyanobacterial extracts for selenium nanoparticle (SeNP) synthesis is considered green, cost-effective, and eco-friendly technology that is more advanced than physical and chemical methods. In the current study, an aqueous extract of Arthrospira indica SOSA-4 was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent for the green synthesis of SeNPs. The UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-Ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Scanning electron microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX), and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were performed to characterize the biosynthesized SeNPs. Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was also performed to know the composition of the cyanobacterial extract. SEM, TEM, and AFM showed the average size of SeNPs to be 8.5 nm, 9 nm, and 8.7 nm respectively. FT-IR analysis demonstrated the presence of functional groups on the SeNPs that acted as stabilizing agents. XRD pattern and Raman spectroscopy showed the amorphous nature of SeNPs. Synthesized SeNPs showed significant antioxidant activity in DPPH, FRAP, SOR, and ABTS assay. SeNPs showed good anti-microbial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis and good anti-cancer activity in MTT assay, Trypan assay, and Flow cytometry analysis against MCF-7, SiHa, and SW480 cell lines. Non-toxicity of SeNPs against normal cell line (HEK-293) was an additional property that affirmed its potential as a bio-compatible nanomaterial.
Assuntos
Cianobactérias , Selênio , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Infravermelho com Transformada de Fourier , Células HEK293 , Selênio/química , Extratos Vegetais/química , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Antibacterianos/químicaRESUMO
Radiation can lead to various damages in the process of spermatogenesis that lead to a decrease in the number of sperm, an increase in spermatogenesis disorders, and defective sperm function. Radioprotectors are considered a good approach to reducing the damage caused by radiation. The goal of this work was to study how X-ray radiation affects testicular tissue and the process of spermatogenesis, as well as the radioprotective effects of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) and Lactobacillus casei (L. casei) as probiotic compounds, given alone or together. This study included 64 adult Syrian male mice weighing approximately 20 ± 5 g and aged 10 ± 1 weeks. Animals were randomly divided into eight groups: control group, SeNPs, probiotic, SeNPs and probiotic, X-ray radiation, SeNPs (X-ray), probiotic (X-ray), and SeNPs and probiotic (X-ray). Histology parameters and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers such as catalase, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase were examined. In addition, the level of apoptosis was measured in testicular cells that had been treated with SeNPs and L. casei as a probiotic. The results showed that the administration of SeNPs or probiotic diminished the effects of X-ray radiation. These compounds induced a significant decreased in malondialdehyde, caspase 3, and caspase 9 gene levels and a remarkable increased in catalase, superoxide dismutase, and Catsper gene expression. SeNPs and probiotic exhibited a potent antioxidant effect and elevated the mean number of spermatogonia cells, sperm cell count, spermatogenesis percentage, and sperm motility percentage. The prescribed compound exhibited an ideal radioprotective effect with the ability to reduce the side effects of ionizing radiation and to protect normal tissues. SeNPs and probiotic inhibit testicular injury and improve the antioxidant state in male mice.
Assuntos
Lacticaseibacillus casei , Nanopartículas , Selênio , Masculino , Camundongos , Animais , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Selênio/farmacologia , Lacticaseibacillus casei/metabolismo , Catalase/metabolismo , Testículo , Raios X , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Sêmen/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo , Superóxido Dismutase/metabolismo , Malondialdeído/metabolismoRESUMO
This study was conducted to assess the impact of dietary incorporation of Spirulina platensis and selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) individually or in combinations on growth performance, antioxidant status, humoral immune response, and microbial populations in diet and ileum of heat-stressed broilers. Ross-308 one-day chicks (n = 450) were fed one of 9 experimental diets with five replicate cages in 2 phases for 35 d. The experimental diets were a control basal diet without supplementation or with 0.1 mg SeNPs, 0.2 mg SeNPs, 5 g Spirulina, 10 g Spirulina, 0.1 mg SeNPs + 5 g Spirulina, 0.1 mg SeNPs + 10 g Spirulina, 0.2 mg SeNPs + 5 g Spirulina and 0.2 mg SeNPs + 10 g Spirulina per kg diet. Dietary supplementation with Spirulina and SeNPs significantly (P < 0.05) increased body weight gain and European production efficiency factor. Serum GPx and SOD were significantly (P < 0.05) increased with dietary Spirulina and SeNPs supplementation, while, TBARS was decreased (P < 0.05). Circulating immunoglobulin IgM, IgA and IgG were increased in treated birds compared to the control ones, while the antibody titers to IBD, AIV, and NDV were not significantly altered. The results showed that SeNPs and Spirulina exhibited dose-dependent antimicrobial activities against ileal counts of total bacterial, total molds and yeast, coliform, E. coli, Salmonella spp. and Enterococcus spp. However, ileal populations of Lactic acid bacteria were increased with dietary Spirulina and SeNPs in a dose-dependent manner. The microbial load in broilers' diets was reduced by dietary incorporation of S. platensis and SeNPs. These results indicate that Spirulina and SeNPs can be potentially used as growth promoters and antioxidant, immunostimulant, and antimicrobial agents in heat-stressed broilers.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Resposta ao Choque Térmico/efeitos dos fármacos , Imunidade Humoral/fisiologia , Selênio/química , Spirulina/química , Ração Animal/análise , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Galinhas , Dieta/veterinária , Suplementos Nutricionais/análise , Temperatura Alta , Íleo/metabolismo , Íleo/microbiologia , Isotipos de Imunoglobulinas/sangue , NanopartículasRESUMO
Selenium nanoparticles have attracted extensive attention due to their good bioavailability and activity. In the present study, a new form of selenium nanoparticle (Low molecular weight chitosan selenium nanoparticles (LCS-SeNPs)) were synthesized in a system of sodium selenite and acetic acid. The size, element state, morphology and elementary composition of LCS-SeNPs were characterized by using various spectroscopic and microscopic measurements. The protection of LCS-SeNPs against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction and the inherent mechanisms of this process were investigated. The results showed that LCS-SeNPs, with an average diameter of 198 nm, zero-valent and orange-red relatively uniform spherical particles were prepared. LCS-SeNPs were mainly composed of C, N, O and Se elements, of which Se accounted for 39.03% of the four elements C, N, O and Se. LCS-SeNPs reduced colon injury and inflammation symptoms and improved intestinal barrier dysfunction. LCS-SeNPs significantly reduced serum and colonic inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Moreover, LCS-SeNPs remarkably increased antioxidant enzyme GSH-Px levels in serum and colonic tissue. Further studies on inflammatory pathways showed that LCS-SeNPs alleviated DSS-induced colitis through the NF-κB signaling pathway, and relieved inflammatory associated oxidative stress through the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Our findings suggested that LCS-SeNPs are a promising selenium species with potential applications in the treatment of oxidative stress related inflammatory intestinal diseases.
Assuntos
Quitosana , Colite Ulcerativa , Nanopartículas , Selênio , Animais , Camundongos , Selênio/farmacologia , Selênio/química , Quitosana/química , Colite Ulcerativa/induzido quimicamente , Colite Ulcerativa/tratamento farmacológico , Peso Molecular , Nanopartículas/químicaRESUMO
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are all important for research because they exhibit a higher degree of absorption and lower toxicity than that of their organic and inorganic forms. At present, there are few reports on marine strains that can reduce Se(IV) to generate Se(0). In this study, a strain that reduces sodium selenite to SeNPs with high efficiency was screened from 40 marine strains. The SeNPs-S produced by the whole cells and SeNPs-E produced by the extracellular extract were characterized by FTIR, UV, Raman, XRD and SEM. Based on the results, the two kinds of SeNPs exhibited obvious differences in morphology, and their surfaces were capped with different biomacromolecules. Due to the difference in shape and surface coating, opposite results were obtained for the antibacterial activity of SeNPs-S and SeNPs-E against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Both SeNPs-S and SeNPs-E exhibited no obvious cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 100 µg/mL, but SeNPs-E retained lower cytotoxicity when its concentration increased to 200 µg/mL. This is the first report on the detailed difference between the SeNPs produced by whole cells and cell extracts.