RESUMO
Yellapragada Subbarow, an often overlooked yet monumental figure in biomedical research, made groundbreaking contributions that have profoundly shaped modern medicine. Born in 1895 in Andhra Pradesh, India, Subbarow's journey from humble beginnings to a pioneering biochemist is a testament to his relentless determination and intellectual prowess. His discoveries, including the elucidation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the development of folic acid, and the introduction of methotrexate and tetracycline antibiotics, have had a lasting impact on various fields such as biochemistry, oncology, and infectious disease treatment. Despite his significant scientific achievements, Subbarow's name remains relatively obscure outside academic circles. This review highlights his pivotal contributions and explores the reasons behind his underrecognition. By examining his life's work, this article seeks to celebrate Subbarow's enduring legacy and advocate for greater recognition of his contributions to medical science. His story enriches our understanding of scientific progress and is an inspiring example of the profound impact of perseverance and innovation in advancing human health. Through this review, we hope to honor Subbarow's remarkable achievements and bring deserved attention to one of the unsung heroes of modern medicine.
RESUMO
This article summarizes the adventures and explorations in the 1970s and 1980s in the treatment of children with leukemia and cancer that paved the way for the current success in childhood cancers. Indeed, these were adventures and bold steps into unchartered waters. Because childhood leukemia the most common of the childhood cancers, success in childhood leukemia was pivotal in the push toward cure of all childhood cancers. The success in childhood leukemia illustrates how treatment programs were designed using clinical- and biology-based risk factors seen in the patients.