[The effect of alternating meteorological parameters on fatally ruptured aortic aneurysms (autopsy-based data)]. / Meteorológiai paraméterek változásának hatása a halálos kimenetelu aortaaneurysma-rupturákra.

INTRODUCTION: There are several statements about the connection between cardiovascular diseases and climate change. On behalf of our observation-based knowledge we hypothesized a relationship between the occurence of aortic aneurysm (AA) rupture and weather changes. AIM: The purpose of our study was to explore the relationship between fatal aortic catastrophe and changes in atmospheric pressure and temperature. By using a new method we could even measure the intensity of the connection. METHOD: We have developed a software earlier to examine the link between pulmonary embolism mortality and the weather on data sets comprised of aortic aneurysm cases, where the medical condition had led to the fatal rupture of the aorta. For the events mentioned earlier we used the autopsy database of Semmelweis University between January 1, 2005 and January 1, 2014. Altogether we examined 152 aneurysm-related aortic catastrophes. We reported the exact day of the incident and the weather conditions on that day and the day before. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We have defined that the occurrence rate of fatal aortic catastrophe showed a slight dependence on the two examined parameters within our groups. We have found the connection related to ruptured aortic aneurysm and changes in atmospheric pressure more significant than their connection with mean daily temperatures. With the increase in atmospheric pressure, the rate of AA mortality also increased. In the knowledge of our results we believe that the mathematical model we used can be an effective starting point for population-based and prospective studies. Orv Hetil. 2018; 159(37): 1501-1505.

Efficiency of cooling systems in broiler houses during hot days / Eficiência dos sistemas de resfriamento em aviários durante dias quentes

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated: (1) the vulnerability of broiler houses with different cooling systems, and (2) the spatial distribution of environmental variables during hot days. Four potentially vulnerable commercial broiler houses in southern Brazil were selected according to the following parameters: absence or presence of different cooling systems, broilers older than 28 days, and outside air dry-bulb temperature over 30°C. Broiler house vulnerability was classified according to the cooling and mechanical ventilation system: cellulose pad cooling (CPC), sprinkling (SPK), fogging (FOG), and mechanical ventilation without evaporative cooling system (VTL). The air dry-bulb temperature (Tdb, °C) and relative humidity (RH, %) were recorded every 10 min. For each broiler house, we evaluated: (1) relative cooling efficiency (RCE) and (2) inside spatial distribution of microclimate variables using a geostatistical technique. The CPC and SPK did not differ (P<0.05) in RCE (81.6% and 80.7%, respectively), but both differed from FOG (23.8%) and VLT (1.87%) systems. The highest variations in indoor Tdb were recorded in the FOG (7 °C), followed by the SPK (4 °C) and CPC (3 °C). In the CPC, there was an increase in RH from the middle to the end of the broiler house near the exhaust fans. In conclusion, the relative cooling efficiency and the inside spatial distributions of environmental variables in the broiler houses were influenced by the existing cooling system.

RESUMO: Os objetivos deste estudo foram (1) comparar a vulnerabilidade de aviários com diferentes sistemas de resfriamento, e (2) avaliar a distribuição espacial interna das variáveis ambientais durante dias quentes. Quatro aviários comerciais potencialmente vulneráveis no sul do Brasil foram selecionados de acordo com os seguintes parâmetros de elegibilidade: ausência ou presença de diferentes sistemas de resfriamento; frangos de corte com mais de 28 dias de idade; e temperatura de bulbo seco do ar externa acima de 30 °C. A vulnerabilidade do aviário foi classificada de acordo com o sistema de resfriamento e ventilação mecânica, sendo: resfriamento por pad cooling (CPC), aspersão (SPK), nebulização (FOG) e ventilação mecânica sem sistema de resfriamento evaporativo (VTL). A temperatura de bulbo seco do ar (Tbs, °C) e a umidade relativa do ar (UR, %) foram coletadas por registradores de dados autônomos a cada 10 min. Para cada aviário foram avaliados: (1) eficiência relativa de resfriamento (RCE) e (2) distribuição espacial interna das variáveis ambientais por técnica de geoestatística. O CPC e SPK não diferiram (P>0,05) na RCE (81,6% e 80,7% respectivamente), mas ambos diferiram do FOG (23,8%) e VLT (1,87%). As maiores variações na Tbs do ar interno foram registradas no FOG (7 °C), seguido pelo SPK (4 °C) e CPC (3 °C). No CPC, houve um aumento da umidade relativa do meio para o final do aviário, próximo aos exaustores. Em conclusão, a eficiência relativa de resfriamento, assim como a distribuição espacial das variáveis ambientais internas foram influenciadas pelo sistema de resfriamento de cada aviário.

Pronósticos biometeorológicos: vía para reducir la ocurrencia de crisis de salud. Caso Sagua La Grande / Biometeorological forecasts: a way of reducing occurrence of health crises. The Sagua La Grande case

En Cuba se ha producido un ascenso en los servicios médicos y el país muestra indicadores de salud comparables a los de los países más desarrollados. Se trabaja en un nuevo procedimiento, útil para seguir mejorando la salud de la población cubana. Se trata del método de pronósticos biometeorológicos, dirigido a ofrecer, con antelación suficiente a las instituciones de salud y servicios de emergencia médica, la información oportuna para la prevención y profilaxis de algunas enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles de alta incidencia en el país. Este método avisa hasta con 180 horas de anticipación, la ocurrencia de condiciones favorables para el desencadenamiento de crisis de salud, utiliza como indicador principal la variación en 24 horas de la densidad parcial del oxígeno en el aire, el tipo de situación sinóptica predominante y la ocurrencia de efectos locales de contaminación atmosférica. Para validar los resultados de estos pronósticos se viene desarrollando desde el 1 de diciembre de 2006, en las instituciones de salud del municipio de Sagua la Grande, provincia de Villa Clara, un estudio piloto donde se monitorea la ocurrencia diaria de varias enfermedades y su asociación con los cambios bruscos del estado del tiempo. Las enfermedades bajo estudio fueron: el asma bronquial, las enfermedades cardiovasculares, los accidentes cerebro-vasculares, las crisis hipertensivas, las cefaleas y algunos tipos de infecciones respiratorias agudas. Se muestra los resultados preliminares de la aplicación operativa del servicio de pronósticos biometeorológicos, inexistente en otras partes del mundo, en instituciones de salud del municipio Sagua La Grande, durante el período poco lluvioso (invierno) de 2006 a 2007.

There has been a rise of medical service provision in Cuba and the country shows health indicators comparable to those of the most developed nations. A new procedure that will be useful for continuos improvement of the Cuban population´s health is being worked out. It refers to the biometeorological forecast method aimed at providing health institutions and emergency services with early and timely information about the prevention and treatment of some non-communicable chronic diseases with high incidence in the country. Such a method can alert to favorable conditions for unleashing health crisis up to 180 hours in advance on the basis of the changes of partial air oxygen density within 24 hours, the type of prevailing synoptic situation and the local effects of the environmental pollution. In order to validate the results of these forecsts, a pilot study is being conducted from December 1st, 2006 in health centers located in Sagua La Grande municipality, which monitors daily occurence of several diseases and their association to sudden weather changes. The diseases under study were bronchial asthma, cardiovascular diseases, strokes, hypertension, headaches and some types of acute respiratory diseases. The preliminary satisfactory results of the operation of this biometeorological forecast service in health centers located in Sagua la Grande municipality during the little rain period (winter) from 2006 to 2007 were shown.