Impact of campus closure during COVID-19 on lifestyle, educational performance, and anxiety levels of college students in China.

BACKGROUND: Higher education students exhibit heightened sensitivity to environmental changes as they navigate the critical transition from adolescence to adulthood. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed unprecedented challenges to universities worldwide, exemplifying a crisis that profoundly affects the learning outcomes and psychological status of college students. Although it is known that campus lockdown has triggered dramatic changes in lifestyles, learning outcomes, and psychological statuses, in-depth knowledge of the causal relationships among these changes remains largely unclear. METHODS: Here, we conducted a cross-sectional survey designed to assess the impact of campus closure during COVID-19 on lifestyle, educational performance, and anxiety levels among college students. We surveyed over 3,500 junior college, undergraduate and graduate participants from 94 colleges/universities across 30 provinces, municipalities, and autonomous regions in China.We employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the relationships between changes in lifestyle, educational performance, and levels of anxiety associated with campus open or closure regulations during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: Our results discovered that sleep duration, physical activity involvement, and social connections were crucial for sustaining students' learning outcomes and mental health. The shift to online learning and campus lockdown exacerbated stressors, contributing to heightened anxiety (ß = 0.066), disrupted sleep patterns, and enhanced physical activity (ß = 0.070) and reduced learning effect (ß = -0.059). Sleep patterns were disrupted by the campus lockdown, an effect mediated by the degradation of relationships among classmates. Nonetheless, the best-fitting SEM uncovered the intricate relationships among lifestyle changes, learning outcomes, and psychological status in response to sudden environmental changes (Fisher's C = 80.949, P = 0.328). These results highlight the critical role of adaptable, supportive campus policies tailored to meet the diverse needs and interests of students during and beyond crises (Fisher's C = 59.568, P = 0.809). CONCLUSIONS: Our study advocates for a holistic approach that addresses the multifaceted aspects of student life to cultivate a resilient academic community. This approach contributes to a deeper understanding of the effects of sudden environmental changes on students' psychological well-being and academic performance in the post-pandemic era.

Human papillomavirus vaccination: a quantitative cross-sectional study of perceived barriers, influential advisors, and acculturation among Chinese college students aged 18-26 in the USA.

HPV vaccines are highly effective in preventing HPV-associated cancers; however, HPV vaccination uptake is low among Chinese students studying at U.S. colleges. The purposes of this study were to evaluate (a) perceived barriers and influential others trusted for advice regarding HPV vaccination and (b) factors (i.e. HPV vaccination, acculturation) related to barriers and influential advisors among 18- to 26-year-old Chinese students attending U.S. colleges. We used a cross-sectional design to obtain self-reported data in 2019 from a chain-referral sample of 213 Chinese students. Among 125 respondents who were unvaccinated or partially vaccinated, the reported barriers to receiving the HPV vaccine included: (a) lack of recommendations from a healthcare provider, (b) lack of risk perception for HPV infection, and (c) limited knowledge about HPV vaccination locations. The influential advisors for receiving HPV vaccination were doctors, parents, self, nurses, and same-sex friends. Multivariate analysis revealed that unvaccinated respondents were more likely to report the following barriers to HPV vaccination: (a) lack of recommendations from a healthcare provider, (b) lack of risk perception for HPV infection, (c) limited knowledge about vaccination locations, and (d) uncertainty about effectiveness. High Asian identified respondents were more likely to perceive barriers related to limited knowledge about vaccination locations and uncertainty about effectiveness, while they were less likely to state nurses as influential advisors. Individuals who received one or more HPV vaccine doses were more inclined to view same-sex friends and nurses as influential advisors for HPV vaccination. The influence of culture on preferences for information sources, such as specific providers and provider gender, needs to be addressed. Programs designed to decrease barriers and improve HPV vaccination among Chinese students should also focus on acculturation status.

[Prevalence and risk factors of hyperuricemia among freshmen at Beijing Sport University from 2021 to 2022].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of hyperuricemia among freshmen enrolled in Beijing Sport University and to explore the influencing factors of hyperuricemia in the college population. METHODS: The study period was from September 2021 to February 2022.3372 freshmen of the class of 2021 from Beijing Sport University in Beijing were selected as the study subjects, and two blood uric acid tests were performed on non-same days to calculate the prevalence of the population and to explore the risk factors of hyperuricemia in the college student population using a case-control method.246 people were selected from the hyperuricemia patients of the population to be included in the case group by convenience sampling, and 211 people were selected from the non-hyperuricemia persons of the population to be included in the control group. They were included in the control group, underwent physical and laboratory examinations, and were retrospectively surveyed with questionnaires that included general information such as age, gender, specialty, place of birth, and diet related to hyperuricemia, awareness of hyperuricemia disease, physical activity level, and sleep. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-square analysis, one-way Logistic regression analysis, and multi-factor logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The number of patients actually diagnosed with hyperuricemia by two blood uric acid tests on non-same days was 479, with a population prevalence rate of 14.21%. Among them, the number of males in the diseased population was 391(22.39%), and the number of females in the diseased population was 88(5.41%). A total of 457 subjects were enrolled in the case-control study, among them, 246 in the case group(218 males and 28 females, average age 19.74 years), 211 in the control group(177 males and 34 females, average age 19.93 years), and 247 in the case group, 211 in the control group, and 2 groups of subjects were included. A total of 211 subjects, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups in terms of gender composition and age distribution. One-way logistic regression analysis showed that central obesity(OR=31.52, 95%CI 7.59-130.86), obesity(OR=2.59, 95%CI 1.20-5.58), overweight(OR=1.67, 95%CI 1.08-2.59), frequent consumption of fresh vegetables(OR=0.66, 95%CI 0.43-0.99), and drinking 1500-2000 mL of water per day(OR=0.63, 95%CI 0.41-0.95) were associated with hyperuricemia, and multifactorial Logistic regression analyses were performed to analyze the above factors, and finally central obesity(OR=32.05, 95%CI 7.65-134.20), BMI obesity(OR=3.22, 95%CI 1.44-7.20), and daily water intake of 1500-2000 mL(OR=0.60, 95%CI 0.37-0.95) were included in the model at the level of P=0.05. CONCLUSION: The current high prevalence of hyperuricemia in the college student population, which is more prevalent in male college students. Obesity and central obesity are risk factors for hyperuricemia in young college students, and daily water intake of 1500-2000 mL is a protective factor.

Long-term exposure to low levels of ambient UVB are associated with a decreased risk of moderate-to-severe acne: A retrospective cohort study in college students.

BACKGROUND: As a crucial component of solar radiation, the association between exposure to ambient ultraviolet (UV) radiation and acne remains unclear. METHODS: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of incoming college students in five universities of China. Previous exposure (6 years prior to enrollment) to different wavelengths of ambient UVs were obtained from public repositories by linking to individual hometown addresses. Logistic models were applied to assess the relationship between ambient UV exposure and acne. Subgroup analysis was conducted by sun protection behaviors and time of daily sun exposure. Overall effect and single effect of exposure to four different wavelengths of UVs (305, 310, 324, and 380 nm) were estimated by Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR). RESULTS: A total of 19,939 participants was included for analysis. Analysis in all participants showed a significant association between log-transformation levels of exposure to UV at 305 nm (log (UV 305 nm)) and acne (OR = 0.77, p = .021). The effect size was stronger in participants reporting no sun protection habit. Both UVs at 305 nm (OR = 0.51, p = .001) and 310 nm (OR = 0.50, p = .012) were associated a decreased risk of acne in participants reporting no sun protection habit. This inverse association was also observed in those exposed to low levels of UV (<1 h/day). The BKMR indicated consistent results that low levels of exposure to UVs combination and UVs at 305 and 310 nm were associated with a lower risk of acne. CONCLUSION: Long-term exposure to relatively low levels of ambient UVB are associated with a decreased risk of moderate-to-severe acne in college students.

Food insecurity was negatively associated with adherence to the "fruits, vegetables, and foods rich in animal protein" dietary pattern among university students' households: the 2018 Mexican National Household Survey.

BACKGROUND: University students are often affected by food insecurity (FI) and this situation has been associated with low consumption of fruit/vegetables and high intake of added sugars and sweet drinks. However, there needs to be more evidence on the association between FI and dietary patterns (DPs), assessing the overall diet and allowing analysis of commonly consumed food combinations. We aimed to analyze the association between FI and DPs in university students' households. METHODS: We used data from 7659 university student households from the 2018 Mexican National Household Income and Expenditure Survey (ENIGH, for its acronym in Spanish). We obtained FI levels (mild, moderate, and severe) using the validated Mexican Food Security Scale (EMSA, Spanish acronym). Two DPs were identified by principal component analysis based on the weekly frequency of consumption of 12 food groups. Multivariate logistic regression adjusted by university student and household's characteristics was applied. RESULTS: Compared to food security, households with mild-FI (OR:0.34; 95%CI:0.30, 0.40), moderate-FI (OR:0.20; 95%CI:0.16, 0.24) or severe-FI (OR:0.14; 95%CI:0.11, 0.19) were less likely to adhere to the dietary pattern "Fruits, vegetables and foods rich in animal protein" (fruits, vegetables, meat, fish or seafood, dairy products, and starchy vegetables). In addition, people with severe-FI (OR:0.51; 95% CI:0.34, 0.76) were also less likely to adhere to the dietary pattern "Traditional-Westernized" (pulses, oils or fats, sugar, sweets, industrialized drinks, foods made from corn/maize, wheat, rice, oats or bran, coffee, tea and eggs). CONCLUSIONS: In these households FI impairs the ability to consume a healthy dietary pattern (fruits/vegetables and foods rich in animal protein). In addition, the intake of foods typical of the Mexican food culture reflecting the local Western dietary pattern is compromised in households with severe-FI.

Sensory profile of picky eaters among college female students.

Picky eaters are at risk of an unbalanced diet, which is critical for women of reproductive age. A sensory profile, which is a potential factor in picky eating, has not been well researched. This study assessed the differences in sensory profile and dietary intake according to the picky eating status among female Japanese undergraduate college students. Cross-sectional data were obtained from the Ochanomizu Health Study conducted in 2018. The questionnaire included items regarding demographic characteristics, picky eating status, sensory profile, and dietary intake. Sensory profile was assessed using the Adult/Adolescent Sensory Profile questionnaire, and dietary intakes were calculated using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Among the 111 participants, 23% were picky eaters and 77% were non-picky eaters. The age, body mass index and household status did not differ between the picky eaters and non-picky eaters. Being a picky eater was associated with higher scores on sensory sensitivity and sensation avoiding, and lower thresholds for taste and smell, touch, and auditory stimuli than being a non-picky eater. Of the picky eaters, 58% and 100% were at a high risk for folate and iron deficiencies, respectively, compared to 35% and 81% of non-picky eaters. Nutrition education for picky eaters in reproductive age to increase vegetable dishes comfortably in their diet is suggested to prevent anemia during their future pregnancy.

Changes in Chinese adolescent college students' psychological security during 2004-2020: A cross-temporal meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Psychological security is the outcome of interaction between individuals and society, and it is an important indicator reflecting adolescent mental health and self-growth. Previous studies have paid more attention to external security, but less attention to individual's internal psychological security. In addition, few previous studies have examined the changes of psychological security over time and the influence of socio-cultural environmental factors on psychological security. METHODS: A cross-temporal meta-analysis was performed using papers that measured the psychological security level of Chinese adolescent college students between 2004 and 2020. Moreover, a time-lag analysis was conducted to define whether the macro-social indicators can explain the changes in Chinese adolescent college students' psychological security. RESULTS: (1) A total of 85 papers was included in the final sample (included 48,817 Chinese adolescent college students); (2) the scores of psychological security and its two sub-dimensions were significantly negatively correlated with the year, indicating that Chinese college students' psychological security declined significantly over time; (3) seven macro social indicators from the socioeconomic environmental, social connectedness and overall social threats can predict the changes in college students' psychological security; (4) the psychological security of male and female college students decreased over time, but the gender difference was insignificant. CONCLUSIONS: Evidently, social changes play an important role in predicting changes in Chinese college students' psychological security. The results can provide a research basis for the mental health education of adolescent college students, and also provide an explanation perspective for the increasingly serious "involution" phenomenon among Chinese college students.

Perceptions of academic preparedness of first-gen freshmen in a physiology major inform recommendations for program-level academic development initiatives.

Many factors contribute to students' academic success, and some, including first-generation (FG) college student status and academic preparation, are especially relevant in physiology programs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine FG college students' perceptions of academic preparedness and intended success strategies with the goal of informing program-level strategies to support FG students in similar undergraduate physiology-related programs. FG freshmen completed short surveys and reflections at the start and end of the semester. Qualitative responses from written reflections were compiled, and content was analyzed. Students were high achievers in high school; 98% expected As and Bs in college, but only 53% had achieved this by the end of the first semester. At the start of the semester, FG students reported feeling prepared academically but were hoping to improve their academic readiness skills, and academic success plans focused on organizational strategies. At the end of the semester, some thought they were as prepared as they expected, but most found they were not as academically prepared for college as they had expected. Several minor themes were identified as areas to address with future cohorts. This study proposes several potential avenues by which to support FG freshmen's academic success in similar physiology programs, including early identification of at-risk students, setting realistic expectations, educating students early and often about evidence-based strategies, and developing academic recovery strategies as needed.NEW & NOTEWORTHY A qualitative investigation of first-generation (FG) college freshmen's perceptions of academic preparedness and intended success strategies informs the development of potential avenues by which to support FG freshmen in physiology programs.

"You would think she would hug me": Micropractices of Care Between First-Generation College Students and Their Parents During Covid-19.

The Covid-19 pandemic has greatly disrupted the education of first-generation college students (first-gens)-those whose parents did not complete a college degree. With campuses closed, activities canceled, and support services curtailed, many first-gens have increasingly relied on their parents for mental, emotional, and logistical support. At the same time, their parents face compounding stresses and challenges stemming from the prolonged effects of the Covid pandemic. We examined the role that relational dynamics between first-gens and their parents played in how they weathered the first 2 years of the Covid pandemic together. We draw upon journals submitted by self-identified first-gens and parents of first-gens to the Pandemic Journaling Project between October 2021 and May 2022 as part of a pilot study of first-gen family experiences of Covid-19, along with a series of interviews conducted with three student-parent dyads. We argue that what we term the micropractices of care-the "little things," like a kind word, small gift, or car ride, that were regularly exchanged between parents and students-played a key role in mental wellness and educational persistence. We find that when there is synchrony between practices offered by one dyad member and their reception by the other, mental wellbeing is preserved. When there is asynchrony, mental health is destabilized. These findings reflect the strategies on which first-gen families have creatively relied to maintain shared mental wellness and student success during a time of crisis. We show how everyday mental wellness is forged in the intersubjective space between two people engaged in achieving shared life goals.

Sleep disturbances and depression are bidirectionally associated among college student athletes across COVID-19 pandemic exposure classes.

College athletes may be vulnerable to sleep disturbances and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic as a result of large shifts in social and athletic obligations. In a national sample of college athletes, we examined the associations between sleep disturbances and depression across two timepoints, using COVID-19 exposure as a moderator. Data were collected from 2098 NCAA Division I, II, and III college athletes during two timepoints, from April 10 to May 23, and from August 4 to September 15, 2020. First, a latent class analysis was conducted with five indicators of levels of COVID-19 exposure to determine different exposure profiles. Second, to examine the directionality of associations between sleep disturbance and depression, a cross-lagged panel model was added to the latent class membership structural equation model; this allowed for testing of moderation by COVID exposure class membership. Four highly homogeneous, well-separated classes of COVID-19 exposure were enumerated: Low Exposure (57%); Quarantine Only (21%); High Other, Low Self Exposure (14%); and High Exposure (8%). COVID-19 exposure class membership did not significantly moderate associations between sleep disturbances and depression. However, student athletes significantly differed in T2 depression by their COVID-19 exposure class membership. Depression and sleep disturbances were positively correlated at both timepoints (r T1 = 0.39; r T2 = 0.30). Additionally, cross-lagged associations were found such that T2 depression was associated with T1 sleep disturbances (ß = 0.14) and vice versa (ß = 0.11). These cross-lagged associations were not significantly affected by athletes' level of COVID-19 exposure during the beginning of the pandemic.

Effects of mindfulness-based interventions on psychological outcomes in college and university students during COVID-19 pandemics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: We synthesized the effects of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on psychological outcomes in college and university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Ten electronic databases were searched from inception to December 2021. We reviewed studies with college and university students receiving MBIs with psychological outcomes. We only reviewed studies written in English. A random-effects model was used to compute the effect size. RESULTS: Overall, MBIs showed a significantly moderate improvement in anxiety (g = 0.612, 95% CI: 0.288-0.936, I2 = 77%); depression (g = 0.372, 95% CI: 0.032-0.713, I2 = 72%); and mindfulness (g = 0.392, 95% CI:0.102-0.695, I2 = 64%) compared with control groups, while these interventions had a small effect in reducing stress, but not a significant one (g = 0.295, 95% CI: -0.088 to 0.676, I2 = 77%) compared with control groups. CONCLUSION: MBIs significantly improved psychological outcomes among college and university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinicians and health providers should consider using MBIs as alternative complementary treatment for improving and preventing anxiety and depression in college and university students during COVID-19. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The use of MBIs for college and university students is an effective method to decrease anxiety, depressive symptoms, and increase mindfulness. MBIs would become a very useful means of alternative complementary treatment in mental health and clinical psychiatry.

The role of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in cultivating the next generation of social justice and public service-oriented moral leaders during the racial reckoning and COVID-19 pandemics.

In the United States, college has often served as an incubator for social change agents in the form of student activism and participation in broader social movements. Historically Black colleges and university (HBCUs) have played a pivotal role in social justice movements since their inception with the most notable example being the central role of HBCUs in the Civil Rights Movement. The role of HBCUs in cultivating exemplary leaders provides invaluable examples and frameworks for tackling the dual pandemics of COVID-19 and the latest racial reckoning. The purpose of this paper is to provide a case study of how an all-male HBCU contributes to the development of moral leadership and how that tradition has evolved with the current dual pandemics. We provide a historical overview of Morehouse's leadership models and provide a case study from students currently enrolled at Morehouse College, the only all-male, historically Black college in the United States. Student participants described how leadership has evolved from previous generations, the impact of social media, and what it means to be a moral leader and how the HBCU tradition, shapes leadership.

Early life influences on the development of food addiction in college attending young adults.

PURPOSE: There is little investigation into the causes of food addiction. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of early life influences on the development of food addiction in college-attending young adults aged 18-29. METHODS: This study utilized a sequential explanatory mixed-methods research design. College-attending young adults were invited to complete an online survey measuring Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), food addiction, depression, anxiety, stress, and demographic information. Correlations between food addiction and the other variables were analyzed and significant variables were placed into a nominal logistic regression model to predict the development of food addiction. Participants who met the criteria for food addiction were invited to participate in interviews to examine their childhood eating environment and when their symptoms emerged. Interviews were transcribed and thematically analyzed. Quantitative analysis was conducted using JMP Pro Version 16.0 and qualitative analysis was conducted using NVIVO Software Version 12.0. RESULTS: Survey respondents (n = 1645) had an overall 21.9% prevalence of food addiction. Significant correlations were observed between food addiction and ACEs, depression, anxiety, stress, and sex (p < .01 for all). Depression was the only significant predictor of the development of food addiction (OR = 3.33 95% CI 2.19, 5.05). The most common eating environment described by interview participants (n = 36) was an emphasis on diet culture, ideal body image, and restrictive environments. Symptoms frequently emerged after transitioning into college and having the ability to make their own food choices. CONCLUSION: These results show the impact of early life eating environments and young adulthood mental health on the development of food addiction. These findings contribute to the understanding of underlying causes of food addiction. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level V, Opinions of authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.

Therapeutic alliance and clinical outcomes in teletherapy and in-person psychotherapy: A noninferiority study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVE: The current study aimed to inform the varied and limited research on clinical variables in the context of teletherapy. Questions remain about the comparative quality of therapeutic alliance and clinical outcome in the context of teletherapy compared to in-person treatment. METHODS: We utilized a cohort design and a noninferiority statistical approach to study a large, matched sample of clients who reported therapeutic alliance as well as psychological distress before every session as part of routine clinical practice at a university counseling center. A cohort of 479 clients undergoing teletherapy after the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic was compared to a cohort of 479 clients receiving in-person treatment before the onset of the pandemic. Tests of noninferiority were conducted to investigate the absence of meaningful differences between the two modalities of service delivery. Client characteristics were also examined as moderators of the association between modality and alliance or outcome. RESULTS: Clients receiving teletherapy showed noninferior alliance and clinical outcome when compared to clients receiving in-person psychotherapy. A significant main effect on alliance was found with regard to race and ethnicity. A significant main effect on outcome was found with regard to international student status. Significant interactions on alliance were found between cohort and current financial stress. CONCLUSIONS: Study findings support the continued use of teletherapy by demonstrating commensurate clinical process and outcome. Yet, it will be important for providers to be aware of existing mental health disparities that continue to accompany psychotherapy - in person and via teletherapy. Results and findings are discussed in terms of research and clinical implications. Future directions for researching teletherapy as a viable treatment delivery method are also discussed.

[Cognition of human papillomavirus and its influencing factors among college students in Shandong province].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the awareness status of human papilloma virus (HPV) among college students and relevant influencing factors in order to provide references and suggestions for the prevention of HPV related diseases. METHODS: Based on the random sampling method, 5 412 college students in Shandong Province were surveyed by questionnaire, including the general demographic characteristics of the subjects, knowledge about HPV and related diseases caused by HPV infection. RESULTS: In the final analysis, 1 777 male students and 3 653 female students were included in the final analysis. Among them, 40.5 percent of male students were unaware of HPV, compared with 35.8 percent of female students, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). The average score of HPV-related knowledge cognition was 13.87 points, of which the male and female cognitive scores were 13.4 and 14.1 respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P<0.01). The cognitive scores of students in different grades and major backgrounds have significant differences. The cognitive scores of medical students were significantly higher than those of non-medical students (15.66 vs 12.58,P<0.01). Multi-factor logistics analysis showed that female students, senior students, college students with medical professional background, and college students who obtained knowledge about HPV from doctors or hospital or school related lectures had higher cognition of HPV. CONCLUSION: College students, especially male students, lower grade students and students with non-medical background have a low cognition degree of HPV, suggesting that in the prevention and treatment of HPV-related diseases, it is necessary to strengthen the health education of this population.

Psychosocial and personality trait associates of phubbing and being phubbed in hispanic emerging adult college students.

Phubbing is when one uses their smartphone in a social interaction instead of interacting with the other individual(s) in their presence. Phubbing and being phubbed are growing concerns as the number of smartphones and frequency of smartphone use increases. This study assessed the relationships between phubbing, being phubbed, psychosocial constructs, and socially adverse personality traits among Hispanic emerging adult college students. Hispanic college students (n = 452) completed a survey assessing: sociodemographics, phubbing, being phubbed, depression, anxiety, stress, Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and need for drama (interpersonal manipulation, impulsive outspokenness, persistent perceived victimhood). Hispanic emerging adult college students reported low-to-moderate levels of phubbing and being phubbed. Regarding phubbing findings, nomophobia (fear of separation from one's phone), interpersonal conflict, and problem acknowledgement were positively associated with negative affect. Moreover, interpersonal conflict, self-isolation, and problem acknowledgement were positively associated with interpersonal manipulation. Regarding being phubbed findings, perceived norms, feeling ignored, and interpersonal conflict were positively associated with persistent perceived victimhood. Findings indicate that Hispanic college students may use their smartphones in social settings to alleviate negative affect. Moreover, a virtual environment on a smartphone may be easier to manipulate and can be used to continue garnering attention and portraying oneself as the victim, fulfilling one's need for drama. Regarding exploratory mediations, phubbing and being phubbed mediated the relationships between multiple socially adverse personality traits and negative affect. The clinical implications of these results are discussed. Prospective studies are warranted to determine temporality. Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04767-y.

Measuring College Students' with Disabilities Attitudes Toward Taking COVID-19 Vaccines.

This survey explores attitudes of 245 currently enrolled college students with disabilities regarding their comfort taking a COVID-19 vaccine. Results suggest most college students with disabilities are willing to take a COVID-19 vaccine if their institution requires it to return to campus in subsequent semesters. However, many students with disabilities would not feel comfortable with a vaccine mandate mid-semester and would consider withdrawing, especially among older students with disabilities and first generation college students with disabilities. Implications for postsecondary policy and leadership are addressed.

The impact of self-efficacy on first onset and prognosis of major depressive disorder: findings from a longitudinal study in a sample of Chinese first-year university students.

BACKGROUND: Self-efficacy is a pivotal factor in the etiology and prognosis of major depression. However, longitudinal studies on the relationship between self-efficacy and major depressive disorder (MDD) are scarce. The objectives were to investigate: (1) the associations between self-efficacy and the 1-year and 2-year risks of first onset of MDD and (2) the associations between self-efficacy and the 1-year and 2-year risks of the persistence/recurrence of MDD, in a sample of first-year university students. METHODS: We followed 8079 first-year university students for 2 years from April 2018 to October 2020. MDD was ascertained by the Chinese version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-3.0) based on self-report. Self-efficacy was measured by the 10-item General Self-efficacy (GSE) scale. Random effect logistic regression modeling was used to estimate the associations. RESULTS: Among participants without a lifetime MDD, the data showed that participants with high baseline GSE scores were associated with a higher risk of first onset of MDD over 2 years [odds ratio (OR) 1.04, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.08]. Among those with a lifetime MDD, participants with high baseline GSE scores were less likely to have had a MDD over 2 years (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.88-0.99) compared to others. CONCLUSIONS: A high level of GSE may be protective of the risk of persistent or recurrent MDD. More longitudinal studies in university students are needed to further investigate the impact of GSE on the first onset of MDD.

Interaction between physical activity and outdoor time on allostatic load in Chinese college students.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity (PA) deficiency, outdoor time reduction during college have been associated with higher cumulative physiological burden as measured by allostatic load (AL). Therefore, the present research sought to analyze the independent and interaction effects of PA and outdoor time on AL in college students. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in two universities from April to May 2019. Self-assessment questionnaire and International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Version (IPAQ-SF) were used in the investigation, AL level was assessed according to the results of biochemical examination, blood pressure and human body morphological measurements. Binary Logistic Analysis was used to analyze the relationships between PA, outdoor time and AL. RESULTS: The prevalence of low PA, low outdoor time and high AL were 16.3%, 71.1% and 47.6%, respectively. Low PA (OR=1.83, 95%CI: 1.20~2.78) and low outdoor time (OR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.35~2.67) are independently associated with high AL (P<0.05, for each). Interaction analysis indicated that low PA and low outdoor time were interactively associated with high AL (OR=2.93, 95%CI: 1.73~4.94, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: There were the significant independent and interaction effects between PA and outdoor time on AL. In the future, college students' physical education can be arranged reasonably to reduce the health risks.

A Non-randomized, Quasi-Experimental Comparison of Effects Between an In-person and Online Delivery of a College Mental Health Literacy Curriculum.

Mental health literacy (MHL) training is essential in college environments. These programs are commonly delivered in-person via workshops or for-credit courses. Campuses now seek high-quality online options. We compare the effectiveness of a for-credit MHL course against a comparison course, focusing on whether online asynchronous delivery was as effective as in-person synchronous delivery. This quasi-experimental pretest/posttest treatment/comparison study included 1049 participants across five semesters (pre-COVID-19) who were 18 years or older and self-selected enrollment in a Mental Health Awareness and Advocacy (MHAA) course (treatment; n = 474) or a general lifespan development course (comparison; n = 575). Using linear mixed effect modeling, changes in MHL were compared across groups and across online/in-person modalities. Students in the treatment group significantly increased their MHL knowledge (ß Identifying = .49, p < .001; ß Locating = .32, p < .001; ß Responding = .46, p < .001) and self-efficacy (ß = .27, p < .001), and treatment effects did not differ across modalities. With increased concern regarding mental health issues of isolated college students during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study supports the efficacy of delivering MHL courses online.