Time-Dependent Hydrothermal Synthesis of La2O3 NPs for Effective Catalytic Activity of Ionic Dye.

Lanthanum oxide was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method by varying the reaction time such as 6, 12, and 24 h. In XRD, study confirms the presence of a hexagonal structure, and the phase remains the same at different times; the main goal is to assess the average crystallite size of prepared La2O3 nanoparticles, which was found in the range of 6 to 8 nm. An interesting observation from the XRD data was the apparent increase in crystalline nature as the synthesis time was extended. The UV-Vis spectroscopic studies show a change in the band gap when the reaction time is changed. The morphology analysis shows that the image revealed that the particles formed were agglomerated and formed a spherical shape, with diameters ranging between 35 and 86 nm. When tested for photocatalytic activity, the La2O3 nanoparticles show a degradation of methylene blue dye when the time varies. Remarkably, the nanoparticles synthesized exhibited a profound ability to degrade the dye, with an efficiency rate hitting as high as 89% under halogen light illumination.

Electrochemical Determination of Dopamine with a Carbon Paste-Lanthanum (III) Oxide Micro-Composite Electrode: Effect of Cetyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide Surfactanton Selectivity.

This paper presents a new application of a lanthanum oxide (III)-modified carbon paste electrode (LaOX/CPE) for dopamine (DP) detection in the presence of ascorbic acid (AA). The presence of cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) facilitated the LaOX/CPE electrode's ability to detect DP amidst AA interference, resulting in a substantial 70.0% increase in the anodic peak current for DP when compared to the unmodified carbon paste electrode (CPE). CTAB enabled clear separation of the anodic peaks for DP and AA by nearly 0.2 V, despite their initially overlapping potential values, through the ion-dipole interaction of AA and CTAB. The electrode was characterized using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The method demonstrated a detection limit of 0.06 µmol/L with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of 6.0% (n = 15). Accuracy was assessed through the relative error and recovery percent, using urine samples spiked with known quantities of DP.

Self-Assembled Lanthanum Oxide Nanoflakes by Electrodeposition Technique for Resistive Switching Memory and Artificial Synaptic Devices.

In recent years, many metal oxides have been rigorously studied to be employed as solid electrolytes for resistive switching (RS) devices. Among these solid electrolytes, lanthanum oxide (La2 O3 ) is comparatively less explored for RS applications. Given this, the present work focuses on the electrodeposition of La2 O3 switching layers and the investigation of their RS properties for memory and neuromorphic computing applications. Initially, the electrodeposited La2 O3 switching layers are thoroughly characterized by various analytical techniques. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Mott-Schottky techniques are probed to understand the in situ electrodeposition, RS mechanism, and n-type semiconducting nature of the fabricated La2 O3 switching layers. All the fabricated devices exhibit bipolar RS characteristics with excellent endurance and stable retention. Moreover, the device mimics the various bio-synaptic properties such as potentiation-depression, excitatory post-synaptic currents, and paired-pulse facilitation. It is demonstrated that the fabricated devices are non-ideal memristors based on double-valued charge-flux characteristics. The switching variation of the device is studied using the Weibull distribution technique and modeled and predicted by the time series analysis technique. Based on electrical and EIS results, a possible filamentary-based RS mechanism is suggested. The present results assert that La2 O3 is a promising solid electrolyte for memory and brain-inspired applications.

Flame-Made La2O3-Based Nanocomposite CO2 Sensors as Perspective Part of GHG Monitoring System.

Continuous monitoring of greenhouse gases with high spatio-temporal resolution has lately become an urgent task because of tightening environmental restrictions. It may be addressed with an economically efficient solution, based on semiconductor metal oxide gas sensors. In the present work, CO2 detection in the relevant concentration range and ambient conditions was successfully effectuated by fine-particulate La2O3-based materials. Flame spray pyrolysis technique was used for the synthesis of sensitive materials, which were studied with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTs) and low temperature nitrogen adsorption coupled with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) effective surface area calculation methodology. The obtained materials represent a composite of lanthanum oxide, hydroxide and carbonate phases. The positive correlation has been established between the carbonate content in the as prepared materials and their sensor response towards CO2. Small dimensional planar MEMS micro-hotplates with low energy consumption were used for gas sensor fabrication through inkjet printing. The sensors showed highly selective CO2 detection in the range of 200-6667 ppm in humid air compared with pollutant gases (H2 50 ppm, CH4 100 ppm, NO2 1 ppm, NO 1 ppm, NH3 20 ppm, H2S 1 ppm, SO2 1 ppm), typical for the atmospheric air of urbanized and industrial area.

[Determination of samarium oxide and lanthanum oxide in the air of workplace by inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry].

Objective: To establish a method for the determination ofsamarium oxide and lanthanum oxide by inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometryin the air of workplace. Methods: Samarium, lanthanum and their compounds in the air of workplace were collected through microporous filter. The samples were digested by nitricacid and perhydrol (V/V=4∶1) and detected by inductively coupled plasmamass spectrometry. Results: The linear range ofsamarium oxide and lanthanum oxide was 0-50.00 µg/L, Sm(2)O(3): y=0.0119x, r=0.9999; La(2)O(3): y=0.0617x, r=0.9998. The detection limits were less than 0.1 µg/L, and the minimum detection concentration were less than 1.52×10(-5) mg/m(3). The sampling efficiency were 100%, the recovery rates were 95.70%-102.01%, and the precision were 0.78%-1.58%. Conclusion: The indicators established in this study are conformed with the requirements of Chinese Occupational Standars of GBZ/T 210.4-2008, "The Guidelines for the Development of Occupational Hygiene StandarsMehods Part 4: Determination of Chemical Substances in the Air of Workplace".

In situ infrared spectroscopy during La2O3 ALD using La( i PrCp)3 and H2O.

Infrared spectra of surface species have been obtained during atomic layer deposition using tris(isopropylcyclopentadienyl)lanthanum, La(iPrCp)3, and water as precursors at 160 °C and 350 °C. Gas-phase spectra of La(iPrCp)3are obtained for comparison. At low temperature, ligand exchange is seen to occur, and carbonate formation is found. With extended purging, the organic ligands are found to be stable on the surface, and carbonates are not formed. These observations indicate that carbonate formation is occurring during exposure to the precursors. At high temperature, the La precursor is observed to decompose leaving an opaque deposit containing relatively little hydrogen.

La2O3/Reduced Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: A Highly Efficient, Reusable Heterogeneous Catalyst for the Synthesis of Biologically Important Bis(indolyl)methanes Under Solvent Free Conditions.

Synthesis and characterization of Lanthanum Oxide-reduced graphene oxide (La2O3/RGO) nanocomposite and its application as heterogeneous, reusable catalyst has been reported in this article. Biologically important molecules bis(indolyl)methanes are synthesized in mild reaction condition with excellent yield under solvent free condition. Catalyst was reused for four times without any significant changes in the yields obtained. Reusability, green synthesis and environmentally benign nature makes La2O3/RGO one of the best catalyst for the synthesis of biologically important bis(indolyl)methanes.

Twenty-eight-day repeated inhalation toxicity study of nano-sized lanthanum oxide in male sprague-dawley rats.

Although the use of lanthanum has increased in field of high-tech industry worldwide, potential adverse effects to human health and to the environment are largely unknown. The present study aimed to investigate the potential toxicity of nano-sized lanthanum oxide (La2 O3 ) following repeated inhalation exposure in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Male rats were exposed nose-only to nano-sized La2 O3 for 28 days (5 days/week) at doses of 0, 0.5, 2.5, and 10 mg/m3 . In the experimental period, we evaluated treatment-related changes including clinical signs, body weight, hematology, serum biochemistry, necropsy findings, organ weight, and histopathology findings. We also analyzed lanthanum distribution in the major organs and in the blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF), and oxidative stress in lung tissues. Lanthanum level was highest in lung tissues and showed a dose-dependent relation. Alveolar proteinosis was observed in all treatment groups and was accompanied by an increase in lung weight; moreover, lung inflammation was observed in the 2.5 mg/m3 and higher dose groups and was accompanied by an increase in white blood cells. In the BALF, total cell counts including macrophages and neutrophils, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, nitric oxide, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha increased significantly in all treatment groups. Furthermore, these changes tended to deteriorate in the 10 mg/m3 group at the end of the recovery period. In the present experimental conditions, we found that the lowest-observed-adverse-effect level of nano-sized La2 O3 was 0.5 mg/m3 in male rats, and the target organ was the lung. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1226-1240, 2017.

Alumina nanocomposites: a comparative approach highlighting the improved characteristics of nanocomposites for phosphopeptides enrichment.

The work is based on the comparative study of metal oxide nanocomposites based on alumina in combination with two transition metal oxides (zirconia and titania) and two lanthanide oxides (ceria and lanthanum oxide). The choice is based on specific aims, i.e. to improve the limitations of individual metal oxides in phosphopeptide enrichment. The nanocomposites have shown improved phosphopeptide enrichment efficiency in comparison to the individual metal oxides. Alumina-zirconia show enhanced mono-phosphorylated peptide enrichment than ZrO2 whereas alumina-titania has better recovery of mono- and multi-phosphorylated peptides in comparison to individual TiO2. Alumina-ceria and alumina-lanthanum oxide overall enrich higher number of phosphopeptides. The alumina nanocomposites show higher selectivity and sensitivity for spiked ß-casein in BSA (1:1000) and diluted ß-casein digest (10 femtomole), respectively. Through the transition metal oxide nanocomposites, number of phosphoproteins from human serum are identified while this number is highest in case of alumina-lanthanum oxide nanocomposite. Thus the enrichment is affected by the choice of metal oxide in the nanocomposite based enrichment strategies.

Development of diamond-lanthanide metal oxide affinity composites for the selective capture of endogenous serum phosphopeptides.

Development of affinity materials for the selective enrichment of phosphopeptides has attracted attention during the last decade. In this work, diamond-lanthanum oxide and diamond-samarium oxide composites have been fabricated via the hydrothermal method. The composites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy (EDAX), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The analyses confirm the size and composition of the nanocomposites. They have been applied to selectively capture phosphorylated peptides from standard proteins (ß-casein and BSA). Selectivity is calculated as 1:3000 and 1:1500 while sensitivity down to 1 and 20 fmol for diamond-lanthanum oxide and diamond-samarium oxide nanocomposites, respectively. Enrichment efficiency has also been evaluated for non-fat milk digest where 18 phosphopeptides are enriched. Total of 213 and 187 phosphopeptides are captured from tryptic digest of HeLa cells extracted proteins by diamond-lanthanum oxide and diamond-samarium oxide, respectively. Finally, human serum, without any pre-treatment, is applied and nanocomposites capture the endogenous serum phosphopeptides.

Expanded graphite loaded with lanthanum oxide used as a novel adsorbent for phosphate removal from water: performance and mechanism study.

A novel adsorbent of expanded graphite (EG) loaded with lanthanum oxide (EG-LaO) was prepared for phosphate removal from water and characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The effects of impregnation time, La3+ concentration, activation time, and activation temperature on the phosphate removal performance of the adsorbent were studied for optimization of preparation conditions. Isothermal adsorption studies suggested that the Langmuir model fits the experimental data well. Adsorption kinetics investigation showed that the pseudo-second-order model fits the experimental data quite well, indicating that the adsorption process is mainly a process of chemical adsorption, and chloride ions compete to react with the active sites of the adsorbent but do not prevent phosphate from adsorbing onto EG-LaO. The adsorption mechanism studies were performed by a pH dependence study of the adsorption amount. The results demonstrated that the probable mechanisms of phosphate adsorption on EG-LaO were electrostatic and Lewis acid-base interactions in addition to ion exchange.

Determination of dose- and time-dependent hepatotoxicity and apoptosis of Lanthanum oxide nanoparticles in female Swiss albino mice.

Nanosized lanthanum oxide particles (La2O3) are commonly utilized in various industries. The potential health risks associated with La2O3 nanoparticles, cytotoxic effects at varying doses and time intervals, and the mechanisms behind their induction of behavioral changes remain uncertain and necessitate further investigation. Therefore, this study examined in vivo hepatotoxicity, considering the quantity (60, 150, and 300 mg/kg) and time-dependent induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) over one week or 21 days. The mice received intraperitoneal injections of three different concentrations in Milli-Q water. Throughout the experiments, no physical changes or weight loss were observed among the groups. However, after 21 days, only the highest concentration showed signs of anxiety in the activity cage (p < 0.05). Subsequently, all animals treated with La2O3 NPs exhibited a significant loss of learning and memory recall using the Active Avoidances test, after 21 days (p < 0.001). Markers for anti-reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) were significantly upregulated in response to all concentrations of NPs after seven days compared to the control group. This was confirmed by a significant increase in glutathione peroxidase (Gpx1) and pro-apoptotic Caspase-3 expression at the lowest and highest doses. Additionally, both transcription and protein levels of the anti-apoptotic BCL-2 surpassed P53 protein in a dosage-dependent manner, indicating activation of the primary anti-apoptosis pathway. After 21 days, P53 levels exceeded BCL-2 protein levels, confirming a significant loss of BCL-2 mRNA, particularly at the 300 mg/kg concentration. Furthermore, a higher transcription level of Caspase-3, SOD, and Gpx1 was observed, with the highest values detected at the 300 mg/kg concentration, indicating the activation of cell death. Histopathological analysis of the liver illustrated apoptotic bodies resulting from La2O3 NP concentration. The investigation revealed multiple inflammatory foci, cytoplasmic degeneration, steatosis, and DNA fragmentation consistent with increased damage over time due to higher concentrations. Blood samples were also analyzed to determine liver enzymatic changes, including alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lipid profiles. The results showed significant differences among all La2O3 NP concentrations, with the most pronounced damage observed at the 300 mg/kg dose even after 21 days. Based on an animal model, this study suggests that La2O3 hepatotoxicity is likely caused by the size and shape of nanoparticles (NPs), following a dose and time-dependent mechanism that induces the production of reactive oxygen species and behavioral changes such as anxiety and memory loss.

Investigating the physical and electrical properties of La2O3 via annealing of La(OH)3.

A simple technique was utilized to fabricate pure hexagonal La2O3 nanorods by utilizing lanthanum(III) nitrate hexahydrate (La(NO3)3·6H2O) and ammonia (NH4OH). The La2O3 nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, TGA, Raman, SEM, FTIR, TEM, PL spectroscopy, and Mott-Schottky techniques. The XRD analysis confirmed the production of La(OH)3 nanorods under appropriate conditions, which were then successfully converted into La2O2CO3 and finally into La2O3 nanorods through annealing. The TGA analysis showed that the total weight loss was due to water evaporation and the dissolution of minimal moisture present in the environment. The FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups. The SEM analysis revealed changes in morphology. The TEM analysis to determine the particle size. The PL findings showed three emission peaks at 390, 520, and 698 nm due to interband transitions and defects in the samples. The Mott-Schottky analysis demonstrated that the flatband potential and acceptor density varied with annealing temperature, ranging from 1 to 1.2 V and 2 × 1018 to 1.4 × 1019 cm-3, respectively. Annealing at 1000 °C resulted in the lowest resistance to charge transfer (Rct).

Analysis of Lanthanum Oxide Based Double-Gate SOI MOSFET using Monte-Carlo Process.

INTRODUCTION: This work proposes a Double-Gate (DG) MOSFET with a Single Material made of Silicon On-Insulator (SOI). The Lanthanum Oxide material with a high k-dielectric constant has been used as an interface between two gates and the channel. The Monte Carlo analysis has been used to determine the Conduction Band Energy (Ec) profiles and electron sheet carrier densities (ns) for a Silicon channel thickness (tsi) of 10 nm at 0.5 V gate drain-source voltages. The transverse electric fields are weak at the midchannel of DG SOI MOSFETs, where quantum effects are encountered. The Monte Carlo simulation has been confirmed to be effective for high-energy transport. A particle description reproduces the granularity property of the transport for nanoscale modeling. METHODS: This work utilizes a Monte Carlo (MC) Simulation for the proposed Double Gate Single Material Silicon On Insulator MOSFET with (La2O3=2 nm) as dielectric oxide on upper and lower gate material. The electrical properties of the DG SOI MOSFETs with Lanthanum Oxide were analyzed using Monte Carlo simulation, including the conduction band energy, electric field, potential distribution, particle movement, and average velocity. RESULTS: The peak electric field (E) simulation results and an average drift velocity (υavg) of 6Í105 V/cm and 1.6Í107 cm/s were obtained, respectively. The conduction band energy for the operating region of the source has been observed to be 4 % to the drain side, which obtained a value of -0.04 eV at the terminal end. CONCLUSION: This proposed patent design, such as double-gate SOI-based devices, is the best suggestion for significant scalability challenges. Emerging technologies reach the typical DG SOI MOSFET's threshold performance when their geometrical dimensions are in the nanometer region. This device based on nanomaterial compounds has been more submissive than conventional devices. The nanomaterials usage in the design is more suitable for downscaling and reducing packaging density.

Lanthanum Oxide Nanoparticles Reinforced Collagen ƙ-Carrageenan Hydroxyapatite Biocomposite as Angio-Osteogenic Biomaterial for In Vivo Osseointegration and Bone Repair.

A composite biomatrix fabricated with collagen, ƙ-carrageenan, hydroxyapatite reinforced with lanthanum oxide nanoparticles is explored as proangiogenic and osteogenic bone tissue repair biomaterial. The biomatrix shows increased physical and biological stability as observed from proteolytic degradation and thermal stability studies. The addition of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles facilitates good osseointegration coupled with simultaneous activation of proangiogenic properties to act as a bone mimicking material. The minimal level of reactive oxygen species and superior cytocompatibility help the as-synthesized biomatrix in achieving capillary migration into the bone micro environment. The composite biomatrix upregulates the expression of VEGF, VEGF-R2 genes in endothelial cells and osteopontin, osteocalcin in osteoblasts cells, respectively. The in vivo hard tissue repair experiment conducted in a rat model shows complete healing of the bone defect by eight weeks with the application of collagen-ƙ-carrageenan-hydroxyapatite-lanthanum oxide nanoparticle biomaterial when compared to the biomaterial made out of individual constituents alone. The biomaterial matrix gets biointegrated into the bone tissue and exerts its therapeutic value in bringing a faster osseo repair process. The study shows the feasibility of using rare-earth metal nanoparticles in combination with protein-polysaccharide biopolymers for bone regeneration.

Development of High Temperature Water Sorbents Based on Zeolites, Dolomite, Lanthanum Oxide and Coke.

Methanation is gaining attention as it produces green methane from CO2 and H2, through Power-to-Gas technology. This process could be improved by in situ water sorption. The main difficulty for this process intensification is to find effective water sorbents at useful reaction temperatures (275-400 °C). The present work comprises the study of the water sorption capacity of different materials at 25-400 °C. The sorption capacity of the most studied solid sorbents (zeolites 3A & 4A) was compared to other materials such as dolomite, La2O3 and cokes. In trying to improve their stability and sorption capacity at high temperatures, all these materials were modified with alkaline-earth metals (Ba, Ca & Mg). Lanthana-Ba and dolomite sorbents were the most promising materials, reaching water sorption values of 120 and 102 mgH2O/gsorbent, respectively, even at 300 °C, i.e., values 10-times higher than the achieved ones with zeolites 3A or 4A under the same operating conditions. At these high temperatures, around 300 °C, the water sorption process was concluded to be closer to chemisorption than to physisorption.

Effect of LaCoO3 Synthesized via Solid-State Method on the Hydrogen Storage Properties of MgH2.

One of the ideal energy carriers for the future is hydrogen. It has a high energy density and is a source of clean energy. A crucial step in the development of the hydrogen economy is the safety and affordable storage of a large amount of hydrogen. Thus, owing to its large storage capacity, good reversibility, and low cost, Magnesium hydride (MgH2) was taken into consideration. Unfortunately, MgH2 has a high desorption temperature and slow ab/desorption kinetics. Using the ball milling technique, adding cobalt lanthanum oxide (LaCoO3) to MgH2 improves its hydrogen storage performance. The results show that adding 10 wt.% LaCoO3 relatively lowers the starting hydrogen release, compared with pure MgH2 and milled MgH2. On the other hand, faster ab/desorption after the introduction of 10 wt.% LaCoO3 could be observed when compared with milled MgH2 under the same circumstances. Besides this, the apparent activation energy for MgH2-10 wt.% LaCoO3 was greatly reduced when compared with that of milled MgH2. From the X-ray diffraction analysis, it could be shown that in-situ forms of MgO, CoO, and La2O3, produced from the reactions between MgH2 and LaCoO3, play a vital role in enhancing the properties of hydrogen storage of MgH2.

Nanomaterial Size and Surface Modification Mediate Disease Resistance Activation in Cucumber (Cucumis sativus).

Crop disease represents a serious and increasing threat to global food security. Lanthanum oxide nanomaterials (La2O3 NMs) with different sizes (10 and 20 nm) and surface modifications (citrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone [PVP], and poly(ethylene glycol)) were investigated for their control of the fungal pathogen Fusarium oxysporum (Schl.) f. sp cucumerinum Owen on six-week-old cucumber (Cucumis sativus) in soil. Seed treatment and foliar application of the La2O3 NMs at 20-200 mg/kg (mg/L) significantly suppressed cucumber wilt (decreased by 12.50-52.11%), although the disease control efficacy was concentration-, size-, and surface modification-dependent. The best pathogen control was achieved by foliar application of 200 mg/L PVP-coated La2O3 NMs (10 nm); disease severity was decreased by 67.6%, and fresh shoot biomass was increased by 49.9% as compared with pathogen-infected control. Importantly, disease control efficacy was 1.97- and 3.61-fold greater than that of La2O3 bulk particles and a commercial fungicide (Hymexazol), respectively. Additionally, La2O3 NMs application enhanced cucumber yield by 350-461%, increased fruit total amino acids by 295-344%, and improved fruit vitamin content by 65-169% as compared with infected controls. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that La2O3 NMs: (1) interacted with calmodulin, subsequently activating salicylic acid-dependent systemic acquired resistance; (2) increased the activity and expression of antioxidant and related genes, thereby alleviating pathogen-induced oxidative stress; and (3) directly inhibited in vivo pathogen growth. The findings highlight the significant potential of La2O3 NMs for suppressing plant disease in sustainable agriculture.

Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle-collagen bio matrix induced endothelial cell activation for sustained angiogenic response for biomaterial integration.

Rare earth lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen biomatrix that elicited the endothelial cell activation to promote angiogenesis for biomaterial integration was developed and evaluated in the present study. The structural integrity of collagen was not compromised on crosslinking of lanthanum oxide nanoparticle to collagen biomolecule. As-synthesised collagen biomatrix was shown to have improved mechanical strength, a lesser susceptibility to proteolytic degradation and good swelling properties. Superior cytocompatibility, hemocompatibility and minimal ROS generation was observed with Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen bio matrix. The Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen bio matrix elicited endothelial cell activation eliciting pro-angiogensis as observed in tube formation and aortic arch assays. The bio-matrix promoted the infiltration and proliferation of endothelial cells which is an unexplored domain in the area of tissue engineering that is very essential for biomaterial integration into host tissue. The wound healing effect of Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle stabilized collagen showed enhanced cell migration in vitro in cells maintained in Lanthanum oxide nanoparticle reinforced collagen bio matrix. The study paves the way for developing rare earth-based dressing materials which promoted biomatrix integration by enhancing vascularisation for tissue regenerative applications in comparison with traditional biomaterials.

Effect and Mechanism of PINK1/Parkin-Mediated Mitochondrial Autophagy in Rat Lung Injury Induced by Nano Lanthanum Oxide.

Nano lanthanum oxide particles (La2O3 NPs) are important nanoparticle materials which are widely used in photoelectric production, but their potential health hazards to the respiratory system are not clear. The purpose of this study was to explore the possible mechanism of lung injury induced by La2O3 NPs. In this study, 40 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into low-, medium-, and high-dose groups and control groups, with 10 animals in each group. Rats were poisoned by tracheal injection. The low-, medium-, and high-dose groups were given La2O3 NPs suspension of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, respectively, and the control group was given an equal volume of high-temperature sterilized ultrapure water. The rats in each group were exposed once a week for 12 consecutive times. The gene transcription and protein expression levels of PINK1 and parkin in rat lung tissue were mainly detected. Compared with the control group, the gene transcription and protein expression levels of PINK1 and Parkin in the exposed group were significantly higher (p < 0.05). La2O3 NPs may activate PINK1/parkin-induced mitochondrial autophagy.