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OBJECTIVE: To describe how mental health and sleep status influence the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) during the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and to apply targeted interventions to improve the HRQOL. METHODS: A web-based online questionnaire survey was administered. Descriptive analysis was used to depict the mental health and sleep status. Correlation analysis and the structural equation model (SEM) method were used to analyze the influence of mental health and sleep status on HRQOL in PLWHA. RESULTS: After excluding 24 unqualified questionnaires, a total of 490 participants in this survey were included in the statistical analysis. Of the participants, 66.1% and 55.1% reported mild or worse symptoms of depression and anxiety, respectively. Overall, 70.0% had varying degrees of sleep problems. Correlation analysis showed that anxiety had the strongest correlation with sleep disturbances and sleep quality (R = 0.588 and 0.551, respectively), while depression had the strongest correlation with the HRQOL psychological and physical domains (R = - 0.759 and - 0.682, respectively). SEM analysis showed that depression, sleep quality, and psychological domains had the greatest item load on mental health, sleep status, and HRQOL (093, 0.82, and 0.89, respectively). Mental health had a more significant influence than sleep status on HRQOL, as indicated by factor loading (- 0.75 and - 0.15, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: There were more severe mental health and sleep problems among PLWHA during the COVID-19 pandemic, thus, mental health intervention, especially to relieve depression symptoms, may be the most important approach to improve the HRQOL among PLWHA.
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COVID-19 , Infecções por HIV , Saúde Mental , Qualidade de Vida , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília , Humanos , COVID-19/psicologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Masculino , Feminino , Infecções por HIV/psicologia , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , China/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/psicologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Depressão/psicologia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/psicologia , Qualidade do Sono , Pandemias , População do Leste AsiáticoRESUMO
AIM: We investigated the relationship between physical activity and sleep status among older adults requiring nursing care in the community. METHOD: We included 45 participants ≥65 years old (33 females; mean age, 83.2±4.4 years old) requiring nursing care. Physical activity was evaluated using the Life Space Assessment (LSA), and sleep status was measured by the Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to determine the total sleep time, sleep efficiency, and PSQI total score. The physical function was measured by the timed up and go test (TUG) and grip strength. We performed a multiple regression analysis with the LSA as the dependent variable and sleep indicators (total sleep time, sleep efficiency, PSQI total score) and TUG as independent variables (demonstrating significant correlations with the LSA), and gender and age as adjusted variables. The analysis was divided into sleep time (Model 1), sleep efficiency (Model 2), and PSQI total score (Model 3). We used R commander, and < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: TUG (ß=-0.375) and sleep time (ß=0.383) in Model 1, TUG (ß=-0.368) and sleep efficiency (ß=0.570) in Model 2, and TUG (ß=-0.392) and PSQI total score (ß=-0.590) in Model 3 were independently selected as significant variables. CONCLUSION: In addition to TUG, sleep status, such as the sleep duration and sleep quality, was shown to be related to physical activity in older adults who require nursing care. To improve physical activity, it is necessary to consider not only the physical function but also quantitative and qualitative assessments of sleep.
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Cuidados de Enfermagem , Equilíbrio Postural , Humanos , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos de Tempo e Movimento , Exercício Físico , SonoRESUMO
[Purpose] Sufficient sleep is required for maximal performance and good mood. Japan has three national wheelchair basketball teams: Top male, Top female, and Under-23 (U23) male teams. Using these team members as model, this study investigated the difference of sleep status of wheelchair basketball players by age and gender. [Subjects and Methods] There were 44 participants: 14 in the Top male team (29.5 ± 5.2â years), 18 in the Top female team (30.6 ± 9.2â years), and 12 in the U23 team (19.1 ± 2.0â years). Sleep status was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); higher scores indicate poor sleep quality. [Results] PSQI scores in the Top male and female teams were higher than in the U23 team. The Top teams showed shorter sleep duration and worse sleep efficacy than the U23 team. Time spent in bed and sleep duration in the female team were shorter than in the Top male and U23 teams. More male players reported "feel too hot" as the reason for sleep disturbance than female players. [Conclusion] Players in the Top Japanese national wheelchair basketball teams had poorer sleep status than U23 players. Among female players, the reason for insomnia was less sleep duration. For males, the reason for insomnia was "feel too hot."
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Objective: To investigate the changes in sleep conditions, anxiety, and depression levels among college students before and after entering the university. Methods: Utilizing a random sampling method, 692 new students from a college in Shandong province were selected in September 2019, and relevant indices were statistically analyzed in September 2021 following a comprehensive follow-up. Sleep status, anxiety, and depression levels were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), respectively. Results: Gender, passive smoking, exercise, intake of fruits, and intake of seafood were identified as significant influencing factors on college students' sleep status, anxiety, and depression levels (p < 0.05). A substantial difference was observed in the sleep quality of college students between the early enrollment stage and the follow-up stage (p < 0.05). Moreover, a significant positive correlation was found between PSQI scores and the levels of anxiety and depression (p < 0.05), cumulatively explaining approximately 10% of the variance in anxiety and depression levels. Conclusion: The sleep quality of college students exhibited significant improvement after enrollment compared to the early enrollment period. Engaging in appropriate exercise and consuming fruits and seafood demonstrated a positive impact on sleep conditions, anxiety, and depression levels. These findings underscore the importance of fostering healthy lifestyle habits for promoting overall well-being among college students.
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BACKGROUND: Many studies reported that lifestyle, psychosocial characteristics, and sleep status related to sarcopenia, although few studies provided evidence of causal relationships between them. METHODS: The data used in our study were from UK Biobank, FinnGen Release 8, and large genome-wide association study meta-analyses. Two-sample Mendelian randomization was conducted to identify the causal associations of 21 traits of lifestyle, psychosocial characteristics, and sleep status with 6 traits of sarcopenia. Benjamini-Hochberg correction was performed to reduce the bias caused by multiple tests. Risk factor analyses were performed to explore the potential mechanism behind the exposures. RESULTS: Mendelian randomization analyses after adjustment proved the causal roles of coffee intake, education years, smoking, leisure screen time, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time in sarcopenia was proven although providing no significant evidence for causal roles for carbohydrates intake, protein intake, alcohol, and sleep status in sarcopenia. CONCLUSIONS: Our results strongly support that coffee intake, education years, smoking, leisure screen time, and moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity during leisure time played significantly causal roles in sarcopenia, which may provide new intervention strategies for preventing the development of sarcopenia.
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Café , Sarcopenia , Humanos , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla , Análise da Randomização Mendeliana , Sarcopenia/epidemiologia , Sarcopenia/genética , Sono , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo ÚnicoRESUMO
Purpose: This research investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental well-being and sleep quality of students in higher vocational colleges in Sichuan, China, identifying key factors influencing their psychological health during this period. Methods: Between January and February 2022, a comprehensive survey was conducted among students from several higher vocational colleges in Sichuan, utilizing a randomized selection approach to involve 3,300 participants. Data were collected through direct interviews executed by skilled interviewers. Results: Out of 3,049 valid responses, a significant number reported experiencing symptoms of poor mental health, anxiety, depression, and insomnia, with prevalence rates of 21.2%, 9.7%, 14.1%, and 81.9%, respectively. Factors contributing positively to mental health and sleep included a higher family economic status, reduced stress from the pandemic, and decreased online activity. Conversely, lack of physical activity post-pandemic, disruptions to education and employment, and deteriorating relationships emerged as negative influencers. Interestingly, a lack of pre-pandemic mental health knowledge acted as a protective factor against insomnia. Conclusion: The ongoing management of COVID-19 has notably influenced the psychological and sleep health of vocational college students, driven by economic, emotional, lifestyle, and educational factors. The findings underscore the necessity for targeted interventions to address these challenges effectively.
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COVID-19 , Saúde Mental , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono , Qualidade do Sono , Estudantes , Humanos , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/psicologia , China/epidemiologia , Masculino , Estudantes/psicologia , Feminino , Universidades , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Adolescente , SARS-CoV-2 , PrevalênciaRESUMO
What is already known about this topic?: There has been little to no description of sleep status among children and adolescents nationwide in recent years. What is added by this report?: This report assesses the sleep duration and sleep patterns of children and adolescents in China. Approximately half of the adolescents did not get the recommended amount of sleep on school days, and more than half overslept on weekends. What are the implications for public health practice?: The importance of children and adolescents meeting recommended sleep durations needs greater emphasis, especially among older age groups and those in urban areas.
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BACKGROUND: Sleep plays a critical role in maintaining human health. This study aimed to explore the association between sleep status and thyroid nodules. METHODS: A total of 2414 individuals aged 18 or older with euthyroidism were enrolled in this community-based survey. Sleep status was self-reported. Thyroid ultrasonography was performed to measure nodules. Multiple logistic analyses were applied to adjust for confounding factors. RESULTS: The percentages of thyroid nodules among individuals who slept <5 hours, 5-8 hours, and >8 hours per night were 57.79% (115/199), 44.19% (833/1885) and 42.73% (141/330), respectively (p = 0.001). Individuals who slept <5 hours per night had a significantly higher percentage of thyroid nodules than those who slept 5-8 hours per night (57.79% vs. 44.19%, p = 0.001) or >8 hours per night (57.79% vs. 42.73%, P < 0.001). However, no similar result was shown between individuals who slept >8 hours and 5-8 hours per night (42.73% vs. 44.19%, p = 0.621). Multiple logistic analysis showed that a sleep duration of <5 hours per night was significantly associated with thyroid nodules (odds ratio (OR) 1.643, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.084-2.490, p = 0.019) when compared to a sleep duration of >8 hours per night. However, a sleep duration of <5 hours per night was not associated with thyroid nodules compared to a sleep duration of 5-8 hours (OR 1.294, 95% CI 0.918-1.824, p = 0.141). Similarly, no significant differences were seen among sleep duration per day, time of falling asleep, habit of daytime napping or thyroid nodules in multiple logistic analyses (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Short nighttime sleep duration was associated with thyroid nodules in our community-based population. Screening for thyroid nodules among these individuals is recommended.
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Duração do Sono , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide , Humanos , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Nódulo da Glândula Tireoide/epidemiologia , Sono , Inquéritos e Questionários , China/epidemiologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Impaired sleep can adversely affect daily life. This study assesses the association between different factors and sleep status among apparently healthy Saudi adults. In total, 478 adults were included in this study. Data on anthropometrics, body composition, stress scales, physical activity, and dietary habits were collected. Fasting blood glucose and lipid profile were measured. Sleep quality and duration were assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Larger neck circumference (NC) was associated with short sleep duration (odds ratio (OR) 1.23; 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.08, 1.41]; p = 0.002). Higher triglyceride levels were associated with poor sleep quality (OR 1.01; 95% CI [1.002, 1.02]; p = 0.019) and short sleep duration (OR 1.01; 95% CI [1.004, 1.02]; p = 0.005). Stress was a risk factor for poor sleep quality (OR 1.15; 95% CI [1.09, 1.22]; p < 0.001). Being married was significantly associated with good sleep quality (OR 2.97; 95% CI [1.32, 6.71]; p = 0.009), while being single was correlated with longer sleep duration (OR 0.46; 95% CI [0.22, 0.96]; p = 0.039). Other factors such as having a larger waist circumference and more muscle mass were protective factors against poor sleep quality and/or short sleep duration. In conclusion, a larger NC is suggested as a risk factor for short sleep duration and a higher triglyceride level for both short and poor sleep among healthy Saudis. Investigating the factors associated with sleep status may help alleviate sleep disturbances and improve overall health. Further studies are needed to confirm causality using objective sleep measures.
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Distúrbios do Início e da Manutenção do Sono , Sono , Humanos , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Arábia Saudita/epidemiologia , Sono/fisiologia , Fatores de Risco , TriglicerídeosRESUMO
Background: Although sleep disorders significantly increase the risk of cognitive impairment, literature is relatively scarce regarding the impact of sleep status on cognitive function in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We seek to study the association between pre-stroke subjective sleep status and cognitive function at 3 months after stroke. Patients and methods: Data were analyzed for 1,759 AIS patients from the Impairment of Cognition and Sleep after Acute Ischemic Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack in Chinese Patients Study (ICONS). Pre-stroke subjective sleep status was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Greater sleep fragmentation was defined as waking up in the middle of the night or early morning ≥3 times a week. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) at 3 months after stroke. Primary endpoint was the incidence of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) at 3 months after stroke. The association between subjective sleep status and PSCI was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: PSCI occurred in 52.1% at 3 months after stroke. Patients with very bad sleep quality before stroke were at increased risk of PSCI (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.11-4.03; P=0.03). Subgroup analysis found that the association between very bad sleep quality and PSCI was more evident among patients with high school education or above (OR, 5.73; 95% CI, 1.92-17.10; P for interaction=0.02). In addition, patients with greater sleep fragmentation before stroke were also at higher risk of PSCI (OR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.20-2.01; P<0.01). Similarly, subgroup analysis showed that the risk of PSCI was more pronounced among patients without employment (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.59-3.77; P for interaction=0.01). Conclusion: Very bad sleep quality and greater sleep fragmentation before stroke were identified as independent risk factors for PSCI at 3 months after stroke.
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Objectives To evaluate the different personal, environmental, and social factors associated with the impaired sleep of patients who were admitted for treatment in the department of internal medicine in a tertiary care hospital in Azad Kashmir. Material and methods A single-center, exploratory, prospective study was conducted at Abbas Institute of Medical Sciences (AIMS), a public sector teaching hospital of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Medical College, Muzaffarabad, between November 2021 and January 2022. A standard Performa was used to collect and document the demographic information, the duration and quality of sleep at home and after admission to the hospital. The patients were asked to identify and report the most important factors contributing to disturbed sleep in the hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), continuous parametric variables were reported as mean ± standard deviation; nonparametric continuous variables were reported as median; and categorical variables were expressed as percentages. Exploratory factor analysis was performed and principal components were extracted. Results As reported by the patients, the main factors contributing to disturbed sleep were underlying medical conditions, noise, overcrowding and gathering of people, pain, fever, lighting, weather conditions, and medical interventions. Exploratory component factor analysis showed significant loading of overcrowding and lighting in the ward on components 1 and 2. Component 3 was loaded with underlying illness, noise, pain and fever, uncomfortable mattress, and treatment interventions by the medical staff. Conclusions There were many personal and environmental factors, which contributed towards impaired sleep in hospitalized patients. The underlying medical conditions, noise, overcrowding, lighting, pain and fever, are the most commonly reported factors by hospitalized patients.
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Background: High prevalence of sleep problems have been founded in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), with rates ranging from 50 to 80%. We aimed to study the sleep status and the occurrence of sleep problems in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) aged 1-3 years, and to provide reference for guiding early comprehensive intervention for ASD children from the perspective of sleep. Methods: From January 1 to December 31, 2021, 74 ASD children who met the diagnostic criteria of "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-V)" served as case group while 84 typically-developing children of the same sex and age served as control group. An original Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire was adopted to compare the sleep status of children in the two groups and to conduct statistical analysis on related factors. Results: The incidence of sleep problems in the case group (78.4%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (34.5%) (P < 0.001). Compared with the children in the control group, children in the case group had later bedtime (P < 0.05) and less sleep duration (P < 0.05), and required longer time to fall asleep (P < 0.001) The incidence of sleep problems in children who could fall asleep autonomously in the case group was significantly lower than that in children who needed parental help (P < 0.05). In the case group, the longer the screen exposure time, the higher the incidence of sleep problems (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The incidence of sleep problems in ASD children aged 1-3 years is also high, mainly manifested in late bedtime, difficulty falling asleep, frequent night awakenings and less sleep duration. Both sleep patterns and screen exposure can impact their sleep. In the early comprehensive intervention of ASD children, it is necessary to pay full heed to their sleep status and take timely intervention measures in order to improve the quality of life for the ASD children and their families.
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Poor sleep status is associated with several health problems. Nutritional biomarkers and factors related to poor sleep are understudied. This study aimed to identify nutrition biomarkers and factors related to sleep status in healthy young Saudi females. The study included 92 normal-weight and obese Saudi females aged 19−25. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles were measured. Insulin resistance was calculated on the basis of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) method. Anthropometric, stress, physical activity, and dietary data were collected. Data on the polyphenol content in foods were retrieved from the Phenol-Explorer database. The sleep status was assessed using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). Associations between variables were assessed using the multiple logistic regression model. Around 76% of the participants had poor sleep status (PSQI > 5). Multiple logistic regression reported high polyphenol intake as a protective factor against poor sleep (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.07−0.83; p = 0.03) and HOMA-IR as an independent risk for poor sleep (OR 4.97; 95% CI 1.11−22.31; p = 0.04). Other nutritional biomarkers and factors, such as BMI, lipid profile, and vitamins, revealed a trend but were not significant. In conclusion, poor sleep status is associated with insulin resistance and low polyphenol intake among women of reproductive age.
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Resistência à Insulina , Biomarcadores , Glicemia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Feminino , Humanos , Lipídeos , Polifenóis , SonoRESUMO
Adolescents' problem behaviors constitute a critical indicator of crime, and they play an important role in the growth and development of adolescents and social stability. Using the 2014-2015 school year follow-up data from the China Education Panel Survey, this study investigated the relationship between sleep time, sleep disorders, and adolescents' problem behaviors. Further, we analyzed the mediating effect of mental health status, a key factor influencing adolescent growth and development. The results showed that the frequency of problem behaviors among adolescents was significantly and positively associated with sleep disorders and short sleep time. In addition, mental health status is a channel through which sleep time and sleep disorders affect adolescents' problem behaviors.
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While older people are frequently known to experience sleep disturbances, there are also many older people who have a good quality of sleep. However, little is known about the balance of autonomic nervous activity, exercise habits, and sleep status in healthy older adults. This study reviews the literature regarding balance of the autonomic nervous activity, exercise, and sleep in healthy older adults. Relevant articles were searched from electronic databases using the combination of the following keywords: "Autonomic nervous activity", "sleep status", "sleep", "healthy older adults", "aging", "heart rate variability (HRV)" and "exercise". Articles were included if they met inclusion criteria: (1) Published in English, (2) Article types: research and review articles, (3) Main outcome was related to the autonomic nervous activity, lifestyle, sleep, and/or healthy aging, and (4) Fully accessed. From 877 articles that were identified, 16 articles were included for review. Results showed that the autonomic nervous activity changes with increasing age, particularly a constant decline in cardiac vagal modulation due to the significant decrease in the nocturnal parasympathetic activity. In addition, the autonomic nervous activity was also related to sleep status and lifestyle, particularly the capability to exercise. In preparing older people toward a healthy aging, maintaining good sleep quality and exercise is suggested.
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Sistema Nervoso Autônomo , Qualidade do Sono , Idoso , Exercício Físico , Frequência Cardíaca , Humanos , SonoRESUMO
Objective: To understand the sleep status and related influencing factors among 18-59 years old employed floating population and to provide evidence for policy development. Methods: Data were gathered from the Chinese Floating Population Chronic Disease Surveillance (2012) program. Floating population were selected through multistage clustering sampling method and stratified by industries from China. Information on demographics, behavior-related risk factors, sleep duration and social pressure etc., were collected through face-to-face interview on questionnaires. After complex weighting of data, multivariable logistic regression method was used to explore the sleep status and related influencing factors among these employed floating people. Results: A total of 43 521 subjects were included in the study. The average sleep duration per day was 7.77 h, with females (7.87 h) higher than males (7.69 h). The prevalence of insufficient sleep was 12.3% (95%CI: 11.8%-12.7%), with 45-59 years old group (21.2%) higher than that of the 18-year olds (11.2%). Results from the multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that factors as gender, age, marital status, education, occupation, inflowing area, behavior-related risk factors, BMI, social pressure, self-rated health status and self-reported chronic diseases were the main factors that affecting the rates of sleep deficiency in this population. The prevalence rate of insufficient sleep was 1.18 times higher (95%CI: 1.07-1.31) in males than that in females, and 1.22 (95%CI: 1.11-1.33) times higher in smokers than that in the non-smokers, 1.31(95%CI: 1.16-1.49) times higher in excessive drinkers than that of the normal population, 1.46 (95%CI: 1.29-1.65) times and 1.33 (95%CI: 1.18-1.50) times in those with heavier workload and stress than those without. Conclusion: The prevalence of insufficient sleep among the employed floating population was affected by multiple factors that called for more attention by different departments of the government.
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Emprego/estatística & dados numéricos , Privação do Sono/epidemiologia , Sono , Adolescente , Adulto , China/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The rapid outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a major health concern, in response to which widespread risk factor research is being carried out. OBJECTIVE: To discover how physical activity and lifestyle affect the epidemic as well as the disease severity and prognosis of COVID-19 patients. METHODS: This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 203 adults infected with COVID-19 and 228 uninfected adults in three Chinese provinces, with 164 (80.7%) of the infected participants and 188 (82.5%) of the uninfected participants answering a doctor-administered telephone questionnaire on lifestyle. The binary logistic regression model and the ordinal logit model were used to observe relevance. RESULTS: Comparing sick and non-sick patients, we found that irregular exercise (P=0.004), sedentary lifestyle (P=0.010), and overexertion (P<0.001) may be associated with the susceptibility to COVID-19. In symptomatic patients, using the recommended status as a reference, risk of severe infection increased with decreased sleep status, being 6.729 (95% CI=2.138-21.181) times higher for potentially appropriate sleep (P=0.001) and peaking at 8.612 (95% CI=1.913-38.760) times higher for lack of sleep (P=0.005). Reduction in average daily sleep time significantly increased the likely severity (P=0.002). DISCUSSION: Through further examination of damage of external lung organs, we found that lack of sleep affected not only disease severity but also prognosis. Based on these findings, the public should prioritize a healthy lifestyle and get adequate sleep in response to the outbreak. The study of life habits may bring new ideas for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.
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Objective: To understand the status quo of sleep and its associations with serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) among nondiabetic people of 18-79 years old in Beijing. Methods: Data was gathered from the 2017 Beijing Non-communicable and Chronic Disease Surveillance Program. Multiple classified clusters sampling method was used while the 18-79 years old were sampled from the 16 districts of Beijing. Questionnaires would include information on demographic characteristics, chronic diseases and related risk factors, sleep duration and related problems (snore/asphyxia, difficult to get to sleep, waking often during the night, waking up early or taking sleeping pills) within the last 30 days. Complex sampling logistic regression models were established to analyze the association between sleep-related problems and serum HbA1c. Results: A total of 11 608 non-diabetic participants were involved in this study, with average age, reported sleep duration and median of serum HbA1c level as (43.36±15.27) years old, (7.49±1.29) h/d and 5.30%, respectively. 47.38% of them reported having sleep problems within the last 30 days. With the increasing time of sleep, serum HbA1c level was fluctuating significantly (F=413.06, P<0.01). Significant differences appeared in serum HbA1c levels among different age groups (t=358.3, P<0.01). Among participants with several kinds of sleep problems, the serum HbA1c levels were significantly higher than those without, through the single factor analysis (U=15.11, P<0.01). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, the combination of one sleep-related problem (OR=1.21, 95%CI: 1.03-1.41) and snore/asphyxia were associated with higher serum HbA1c levels (HbA1c≥5.7%) (OR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.16-1.61). People under 60 years of age were with higher risk of having higher serum HbA1c levels. Conclusion: Duration and sleep-related problems might affect the serum HbA1c levels, especially among those younger than 60 years of age.
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Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/sangue , Transtornos do Sono-Vigília/epidemiologia , Sono , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Pequim/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores de Tempo , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Appropriate warming of the periocular or posterior cervical skin has been reported to induce autonomic or mental relaxation in humans. To clarify the effects of cutaneous warming on human sleep, eight male subjects with mild sleep difficulties were asked to try three experimental conditions at home, each lasting for 5 days, in a cross-over manner: warming of the periocular skin with a warming device for 10 min before habitual bedtime, warming of the posterior cervical skin with a warming device for 30 min before habitual bedtime, and no treatment as a control. The warming device had a heat- and steam-generating sheet that allowed warming of the skin to 40 °C through a chemical reaction with iron. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) were recorded during nocturnal sleep using an ambulatory EEG device and subjected to spectral analysis. All the participants reported their sleep status using a visual analog scale. We found that warming of the periocular or posterior cervical skin significantly improved subjective sleep status relative to the control. The EEG delta power density in the first 90 min of the sleep episode was significantly increased under both warming of the periocular or posterior cervical skin relative to the control. These results suggest that warming of appropriate skin regions may have favorable effects on subjective and objective sleep quality.
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Objective: To explore the relationship between sleep status and the risk of diabetes in adults. Methods: The baseline data of 53 260 subjects who were aged 30-79 years and had been enrolled into China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study from Suzhou, Jiangsu province were analyzed. Multiple logistic regression models were used to investigate the association between sleep status and diabetes after adjusting for potential confounders. Results: Among 53 260 subjects, 5.3% had diabetes. The proportions of difficultly falling asleep, early morning arousal and snoring frequently was 7.2%, 10.0% and 29.5%, respectively. There were 22.6% of subjects reporting sleep duration ≤6 hours. After controlling for possible confounders, the subjects with difficulty falling sleep (OR=1.63 for male, 95%CI: 1.30-2.05; OR=1.48 for female, 95%CI: 1.27-1.73), early morning arousal (OR=1.37 for male, 95%CI: 1.12-1.68; OR=1.31 for female, 95%CI: 1.14-1.51) or snoring frequently (OR=1.16 for male, 95%CI: 1.00-1.34; OR=1.39 for female, 95%CI: 1.23-1.57) had a higher risk of diabetes. Using hypnotics regularly was associated with the risk of diabetes in females (OR=1.42, 95%CI: 1.06-1.92). Compared with 8 hours sleep duration daily, shorter sleep duration (≤6 hours) was associated with risk of diabetes in both males (OR=1.37, 95%CI: 1.17-1.60) and females (OR=1.24, 95%CI: 1.08-1.41). No statistical significant association was found between longer sleep duration (≥9 hours) and the risk of diabetes. Conclusion: Sleep problems, including difficulty falling asleep, early morning arousal, snoring frequently and shorter sleep duration, were associated with the risk of diabetes, but no statistical significant association was observed between longer sleep duration and the risk of diabetes.