Chain-mediating effects of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy on pain catastrophizing and physical activity in haemophilia patients.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of research on the relationship between pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and physical activity (PA) in people with haemophilia (PWH), and the underlying mechanisms connecting these variables remain unclear. AIM: The study's aim was to clarify the roles of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy in the relationship between pain catastrophizing and PA in PWH. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included adult PWH at the Haemophilia Centre of a Tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. The following questionnaires were used to collect data: the general information, the International Physical Activity Short Questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Scale, and the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. RESULTS: The study included a total of 187 PWH, including 154 having haemophilia A and 33 having haemophilia B. The median interquartile range of PA was 594 (198, 1554) MET-min/wk. There were significant differences in PA of patients based on age stage, treatment modality, highest pain score within the last seven days, and presence of haemophilic arthropathy (p < .05). It was showed that pain catastrophizing could directly predict PA (p < .001), accounting for 38.13% of the total effect. Pain catastrophizing also had indirect effects on PA through the mediating factors of kinesiophobia or self-efficacy, and through the chain-mediating effect of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy, accounting for 38.40%, 17.07%, and 6.40%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study discovered that PWH have limited PA due to pain catastrophizing. This not only directly affects their activity but also indirectly influences it through kinesiophobia and self-efficacy.

Patient-reported physical activity, pain, and fear of movement after cardiac surgery: a descriptive cross-sectional study.

OBJECTIVES: After cardiac surgery, there may be barriers to being physically active. Patients are encouraged to gradually increase physical activity, but limited knowledge exists regarding postoperative physical activity levels. This study aimed to assess patient-reported physical activity six months after cardiac surgery, determine adherence to WHO's physical activity recommendations, and explore potential relationships between pain, dyspnea, fear of movement, and activity levels. METHODS: The study design was a cross-sectional study at Örebro University Hospital, Sweden. Preoperative and surgical data were retrieved from medical records and questionnaires concerning physical activity (Frändin-Grimby Activity Scale, the Physical activity Likert-scale Haskell, Patient-Specific Functional Scale, and Exercise Self-efficacy Scale) were completed six months after surgery. Data were collected on pain, dyspnea, general health status and kinesiophobia i.e. fear of movement, using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Heart. RESULTS: In total, 71 patients (68 ± 11 years, males 82%) participated in this study. Most patients (76%) reported a light to moderate activity level (Frändin-Grimby levels 3-4) six months after cardiac surgery. In total, 42% of the patients adhered to the WHO's physical activity recommendations (150 min/week). Pain and dyspnea were low. Patients with lower activity levels exhibited significantly higher levels of fear of movement (p =.025). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients reported engaging in light to moderate activity levels six months after cardiac surgery. Despite this, less than half of the patients met the WHO's physical activity recommendations. Potential barriers to physical activity such as pain, dyspnea and fear of movement were reported to be low.

Management of Venous Access Port to Overcome Kinesiophobia of Patients with Malignant Tumors: A Review.

The number of patients with malignant tumors is increasing in China, and venous access ports have unique advantages for chemotherapy. Currently, China's research on venous access port-mediated kinesiophobia is still in the developing stage. Using the combination of subjective words and freedom words, and based on literature traceability methods, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, Vipp, Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), Web of Science, The COCHRANE LIBRARY, Embase, and PubMed were searched. Relevant articles published from the construction of the database to October 30, 2023, were identified. Based on the many articles and analyses, the methods of assessing kinesiophobia in malignant tumors patients using venous access port, the related influencing factors and the preventive and intervention strategies were collated. We found 33 articles examining kinesiophobia in oncology patients, of which 4 were specifically conducted on patients with malignant tumors using VAPs or PICCs. The relevant preventive and therapeutic experiences regarding kinesiophobia in cancer patients with VAP still need improvement. Nursing staff can use assessment tools such as the Tampa Rating Scale for Kinesiophobia, the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, and the Cancer Fatigue Scale to reasonably and effectively assess kinesiophobia among patients with malignant tumors who use VAPs. Attention should be paid to the mechanisms and roles of demographic factors, pain and foreign body sensation, cancer fatigue, pain management strategies, and other factors influencing kinesiophobia. This study provides advice to nursing staff for the management of VAP. Such considerations may reduce the complications of kinesiophobia and improve the quality of life of patients.

Fear of movement and competence frustration mediate the relationship between pain catastrophising and physical function in people living with axSpA: an online cross-sectional survey.

The objective of this study is to examine the contribution of pain catastrophising to Axial Spondyloarthritis (axSpA) patient's physical function and to test the mediating role of fear of movement, and uniquely, the contribution of competence frustration to the fear-avoidance model. Participants (N = 98, 70% female, M age = 45.62, SD 12.16) completed an online survey (December 2020-May 2021) distributed in the United Kingdom via the National Axial Spondyloarthritis Society (n ≈ 3500; NASS, 2019). The PROCESS SPSS macro was used to test three mediation models using percentile bootstrap 95% confidence intervals (PBCI). A significant indirect effect on the relationship between pain and physical function via fear of movement (ß = 0.10, 95% PBCI = 0.030-0.183) was observed (Model 1). Model 2 showed the relationship between pain catastrophising and physical function to be significantly mediated by fear of movement (ß = 0.16, 95% PBCI = 0.005-0.322). Finally, Model 3 showed a significant indirect effect on the relationship between pain catastrophising and physical function via competence frustration (ß = 0.15, 95% PBCI = 0.014-0.309) but not through fear of movement (ß = 0.062, 95% PBCI = - 0.134 to 0.248). To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine and demonstrate the unique contribution of competence need frustration to the Fear-avoidance model in people that live with axSpA. Identifying modifiable factors that contribute to disease outcomes such as physical function can improve the care and quality of life for people living with a disease currently without a cure.

Impairments of functional exercise capacity, muscle strength, balance and kinesiophobia in patients with chronic kidney disease: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Muscle weakness, balance, and functional capacity are affected in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dialysis. However, studies about kinesiophobia, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, balance, exercise capacity, fatigue, and physical activity level in patients with CKD 3-4 are limited. The study aimed to compare the functional exercise capacity, peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, balance, kinesiophobia, physical activity, fatigue, and dyspnea between patients with CKD 3-4 and controls. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 43 patients and 45 controls. Functional exercise capacity [6-Minute Walking Test (6MWT)], peripheral and respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, dyspnea, fatigue, physical activity, balance [Berg Balance Scale (BBS)], and kinesiophobia were evaluated. RESULTS: Demographic characteristics were similar in patients [53(50-57) y, 26 M/17F] and controls [51(4.506-55) y, 33 M/12F] (p > 0.05). The 6MWT, respiratory and peripheral muscle strength, pulmonary function, physical activity, and BBS were significantly lower, and the level of dyspnea and kinesiophobia were higher in patients compared with controls (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients had impaired functional exercise capacity, upper and lower extremity muscle strength, respiratory muscle strength, pulmonary function, and balance, increased perception of dyspnea and kinesiophobia, and reduced physical activity level compared with controls. Patients should be directed to cardiopulmonary rehabilitation programs.

A cross sectional study exploring the relationship of self-reported physical activity with function, kinesiophobia, self-efficacy and quality of life in an Asian population seeking care for knee osteoarthritis.

BACKGROUND: Physical activity is a guideline-recommended first-line intervention for people with knee osteoarthritis. Physical activity levels, and its potential correlates, is underexplored in Asian populations with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS: Participants enrolled in a longitudinal study in Singapore self-reported physical activity (UCLA activity score), function (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcome Score [KOOS-12]), kinesiophobia (Brief fear of movement [BFOM]), self-efficacy (ASES-8), and quality of life (EQ-5D-5 L). One-Way ANOVA was used to test the difference in outcomes between UCLA categories, while ordinal logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors to physical activity level. RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of all enrolled participants (n = 311/425) reported either inactivity or low physical activity (median 4, IQR 3-5). Significant, weak, positive correlations were observed be-tween UCLA activity score and either KOOS-12 (Spearman's rho: 0.1961; p < 0.001), ASES-8 (0.1983; p = 0.004), or EQ-5D-5 L (0.2078; p < 0.001). A significant, weak, negative correlation was observed between physical activity and BFOM (-0.2183; p < 0.001). Significant differences in function between groups (moderate vs. inactive or low physical activity) were not clinically important. Participants with obesity, from the eldest age category (i.e. ≥75), or who identified as Malay or female, were less physically active than those with a healthy BMI, below the age of 54, or who identified as Chinese or male, respectively. CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals in Asia should be aware of the large proportion of people with knee osteoarthritis who are either inactive or have low physical activity levels. Screening for, and offering interventions to promote, physical activity and its correlates should be prioritised.

Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia in chronic neck pain patients (TSK-neck): structural and construct validity and reliability in a Brazilian population.

BACKGROUND: To date, there are no studies in the literature that define the internal structure of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) in patients with chronic neck pain based on factorial analysis. As such, we aimed to verify and identify the best structure of the Brazilian version of the TSK in patients with chronic neck pain. METHODS: We included Brazilian participants aged ≥18 years, both sexes, with self-reported neck pain for more than 3 months and pain intensity ≥3 on the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Dimensionality and number of TSK items were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). We tested the following internal structures: structure 1 (1 domain and 17 items), structure 2 (1 domain and 11 items), structure 3 (2 domains and 11 items), and structure 4 (2 domains and 9 items). We used the Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale (PCTS) and the NPRS for construct validity. In addition, we assessed test-retest reliability for the seven-day interval using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2,1), Cronbach's alpha to assess internal consistency, and ceiling and floor effects. RESULTS: The study sample included of 335 patients. Most were women (77.6%), young adults (~ 34 years), single (48.4%), with complete primary education (57.3%), physically inactive (66.6%), with a mean pain duration of 46 months and a mean pain intensity of ~ 5 points on the NPRS. Redundancy was found in the following items: item 1 with item 2 (modification indices = 21.419) and item 13 with item 15 (modification indices = 13.641). Subsequently, based on these paired analyses, the items with the lowest factor loadings (items 2 and 15) were excluded. As such, TSK structure 4 was composed of two domains ("somatic focus" and "activity avoidance") and 9 items, which showed adequate fit indices and lower AIC and SABIC values. We observed significant values (p < 0.05) with a correlation magnitude greater than 0.142 to 0.657 between the two domains of the TSK-neck and the other instruments (PCTS and NPRS). We found excellent reliability (ICC2,1 ≥ 0.96) and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha ≥0.98) of the TSK-neck. Finally, ceiling and floor effects were not observed. CONCLUSION: The TSK-neck structure with two domains (somatic focus and activity avoidance) and nine items is the most appropriate for patients with chronic neck pain.

The effect of cuff arthropathy stage on sleep disturbance and kinesiophobia in reverse shoulder arthroplasty patients.

BACKGROUND: The current study aimed to determine the changes in pre-and post-operative Pittsburg sleep quality index (PSQI) and Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK) values ​​according to the Hamada classification in patients who underwent reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for rotator cuff tear arthropathy (RCTA). METHODS: One hundred and eight patients who underwent RSA for RCTA were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups with low grade (stages 1-2-3) (n = 49) and high grade (stages 4a-4b-5) (n = 59) according to the Hamada classification, which is the radiographic evaluation of RCTA. PSQI and TSK values ​​were calculated preoperatively, and post-operatively at the 6th week, 6th month, and 1st year. The change in PSQI and TSK values ​​between the evaluations and the effect of staging according to the Hamada classification on this change was examined. RESULTS: When compared in preoperative evaluations, PSQI and TSK scores were found to be lower in low-grade group 1 (7.39 ± 1.56, 51.88 ± 4.62, respectively) than in high-grade group 2 (10.47 ± 2.39, 57.05 ± 3.25, respectively) according to Hamada classification (both p < 0.001). In the postoperative evaluations, PSQI and TSK results decreased gradually compared to the preoperative evaluations, and there was a severe decrease in both parameters between the 6th-week and 6th-month evaluations (both p < 0.001). Preoperatively, 102 (95%) patients had sleep disturbance (PSQI ≥ 6), and 108 (100%) patients had high kinesiophobia (TSK > 37). In the 1st year follow-ups, sleep disturbance was observed in 5 (5%) patients and kinesiophobia in 1 (1%) patient. When the Hamada stages were compared, it was seen that there was a significant difference before the operation (both p < 0.001), but the statistically significant difference disappeared in the PSQI value in the 1st year (p = 0.092) and in the TSK value in the 6th month (p = 0.164) post-operatively. It was observed that Hamada staging caused significant differences in PSQI and TSK values ​​in the preoperative period but did not affect the clinical results after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: RSA performed based on RCTA improves sleep quality and reduces kinesiophobia. RCTA stage negatively affects PSQI and TSK before the operation but does not show any effect after the treatment.

Increased kinesiophobia leads to lower return to sport rate and clinical outcomes following osteochondral allograft transplantation of the knee.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to describe the postoperative psychological state of patients following osteochondral allograft (OCA) transplantation in the knee and to determine whether patient-perceived kinesiophobia is associated with the rate of return to sport (RTS). METHODS: A retrospective review of the electronic medical record at a single institution was conducted for all patients that underwent OCA transplantation from January 2010 to 2020. Patient-reported outcomes including the visual analog scale (VAS), knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS) and the Tampa scale of kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11) were collected. Patients were surveyed regarding their postoperative RTS status. RESULTS: A total of 38 patients (52.6% female) were included in our analysis. Overall, 24 patients (63.2%) returned to sport with 12 (50%) of these patients returning at a lower level of play. When comparing patients that return to sport to those that did not, patients that return had significantly superior KOOS pain (p = 0.019) and KOOS QOL (p = 0.011). Measures of kinesiophobia (TSK-11) were significantly higher among patients that did not return to sport (p = 0.014), while satisfaction (n.s.) and pain intensity (n.s.) were comparable between groups. Logistic regression models controlling for demographic factors, VAS pain scores and lesion size showed that for every one-point increase in TSK-11 kinesiophobia score, patients were 1.33 times more likely to return to sport at a lower level (p = 0.009). For every one-point increase in TSK-11 scores KOOS QOL decreased by 2.4 points (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Fear of reinjury decreases the likelihood that patients will return to their preoperative level of sport after OCA transplantation. Patients that do not return to sport report significantly greater fear of reinjury and inferior clinical outcomes, despite similar levels of satisfaction and pain compared to those that return. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

Postoperative hip bracing reduces kinesiophobia in patients undergoing hip arthroscopy: a randomized-controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Detailed postoperative rehabilitation protocols after hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS) are still a matter of debate. Adjunctive hip bracing represents a promising tool to improve early patients' mobilization. To present, the effect of hip brace therapy on postoperative functional outcomes and specific patient individual psychologic factors remains controversially discussed. Consequently, we aimed to report postoperative outcomes focusing on hip function, pain and kinesiophobia between braced and unbraced patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective, randomized-controlled trial was conducted, including patients undergoing hip arthroscopy for FAIS. After exclusion, a final study cohort of 36 patients in the intervention group (postoperative hip brace) and 36 patients in the control group (no hip brace) were compared for kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia), pain (Visual analog scale) and joint function (International Hip Outcome Tool-12) within the first six postoperative months. RESULTS: Hip arthroscopy significantly improved all patient-reported outcomes in both groups. Intergroup analysis revealed significantly lower levels of kinesiophobia in braced patients at 6-months follow up (30.7 vs. 34.1, p = 0.04) while not negatively affecting pain and joint function. No intra- and postoperative complications occurred within both groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study could demonstrate that bracing after hip arthroscopy can positively influence kinesiophobia, while the brace did not negatively impact postoperative pain and quality of life. Thus, hip bracing could be a viable assistive therapy in the postoperative rehabilitation phase after hip arthroscopy.

Joint position sense testing at the wrist and its correlations with kinesiophobia and pain intensity in individuals who have sustained a distal radius fracture: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Sensorimotor impairment following distal radius fracture (DRF) has been associated with a significant decline in function. Joint position sense (JPS) testing is a meaningful and responsive way to assess sensorimotor impairment for individuals who have sustained a DRF; however, there are factors that may influence the results of JPS testing, including kinesiophobia and pain intensity. PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the influence kinesiophobia may have on wrist JPS testing and if pain intensity impacts kinesiophobia and JPS in individuals with a DRF. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional study. METHODS: Participants referred from two medical centers with a diagnosis of DRF treated with at least 3 weeks of immobilization were enrolled in the study. Data were collected at 1 week and 6 weeks postimmobilization period. Demographics were summarized with descriptive statistics, and linear relationships between kinesiophobia, pain intensity, and wrist JPS were examined using Pearson correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Forty-eight participants were included in this study (mean age 42.9 years). Significant positive correlations were found between the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS; r = 0.951, p < 0.001), TSK and JPS error (r = 0.942, p < 0.001), as well as NRS and JPS error (r = 0.898, p < 0.001). These correlations indicate that higher levels of kinesiophobia are associated with increased pain intensity and greater JPS error. T-tests reveal no significant difference between male and female for the TSK, NRS, or JPS scores. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association for individuals with high levels of kinesiophobia and both greater pain and errors with JPS testing.

The effect of cognition in combination with an ACBT on dyspnea-related kinesiophobia in patients with moderate to severe COPD: Quasirandomized controlled trial study.

Patients with moderate to severe COPD frequently experience dyspnea, which causes these patients to acquire a fear of dyspnea and a fear of activity. This study developed a cognitive intervention combined with active cycle of breathing technique (ACBT) intervention program based on the fear-avoidance model, with the goal of evaluating the program's effectiveness in improving dyspnea-related kinesiophobia in patients with moderate to severe COPD. This study had a total of 106 participants. For 8 weeks, the intervention group (N=53) received cognitive combined with ACBT, while the control group (N=53) received standard care. The findings of the four times the dyspnea belief questionnaire were collected indicated that the combined intervention had a better impact on reducing dyspnea-related kinesiophobia than did routine nursing (P<0.05), and the impact persisted even after the intervention. Additionally, it may enhance dyspnea and quality of life, increase exercise capacity, and lower the BODE index.

Prevalence and influencing factors of kinesiophobia in older patients with primary osteoporosis: A cross-sectional survey.

AIM: To explore the prevalence of kinesiophobia in older patients with primary osteoporosis and analyze its influencing factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 221 older patients with primary osteoporosis in a general hospital in Kunming, China. Data were collected through a sociodemographic-clinical questionnaire, Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11), Global Pain Scale (GPS), Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire-Short Form (FFMQ-SF), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). SPSS 27.0 software was utilized for univariate and binary logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: The findings revealed that the prevalence of kinesiophobia in this study was 57.01 %. Age, history of fractures, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lumbar disc herniation, chronic pain, mindfulness, anxiety, and depression were identified as significant influencing factors of kinesiophobia in the binary logistic regression analyses. CONCLUSION: Healthcare professionals should be attentive to occurrence of kinesiophobia. Timely measures should be implemented to improve pain, anxiety and depression, and employ mindfulness interventions to mitigate kinesiophobia.

Kinesiophobia, physical activity levels and barriers in breast cancer patients, survivors, and healthy controls: A case-control analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate kinesiophobia, physical activity levels and barriers to physical activity in women with breast cancer and breast cancer survivors. METHODS: The case-control study was conducted at the Breast Clinic of Acibadem Maslak Hospital, and the Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation at Acibadem Mehmet Ali Aydinlar University, Turkey, from October 2021 to July 2022, and comprised patients with breast cancer in group A, breast cancer survivors in group B and healthy controls in group C. The primary outcome measures were physical activity levels, barriers to physical activity and kinesiophobia levels, while the secondary outcome measures were levels of anxiety, depression, fatigue and quality of life. Data was collected using standard tools. Data was analysed using SPSS 22. RESULTS: Of the 212 women, 70(33%) were in group A with mean age 50.71±11.30 years, 70(33%) in group B with mean age 47.64±9.85 years, and 72(34%) in group C with mean age 47.03±7.48 years. Group C had better physical activity levels, fatigue and quality of life scores than the other groups, but it had worse perceptions of physical activity and more individual, psychosocial and environmental barriers to physical activity compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Group A had more barriers to exercise related to fear of overall body pain, poor balance, fear of falling and fear of feeling worse post-exercise compared to the other groups (p<0.05). Group B subjects were more afraid that lymphoedema might be exacerbated if they exercised (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Women with breast cancer and breast cancer survivors had worse scores for physical activity levels, fatigue and quality of life compared to the healthy controls. All three groups had a variety of barriers to physical activity.

[Effect of Intelligent Health Education Based on Health Belief Model on Patients With Kinesophobia After Surgical Treatment of Cervical Spondylosis]. / åŸºäºŽå¥åº·ä¿¡å¿µæ¨¡å¼çš„æ™ºèƒ½å¥åº·æ•™è‚²åœ¨é¢ˆæ¤Žç— æœ¯åŽæåŠ¨ç—‡æ‚£è€ ä¸­çš„æ•ˆæžœç ”ç©¶.

Objective: To explore the application effect of intelligent health education based on the health belief model on patients with postoperative kinesophobia after surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted with patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy, decompression, and fusion surgery with a single central nerve and spine center, and who had postoperative kinesophobia, ie, fear of movement. The patients made voluntary decisions concerning whether they would receive the intervention of intelligent health education. The patients were divided into a control group and an intelligent education group and the intervention started on the second day after the surgery. The intelligent education group received intelligent education starting from the second day after surgery through a WeChat widget that used the health belief model as the theoretical framework. The intelligent health education program was designed according to the concept of patient problems, needs, guidance, practice, and feedbacks. It incorporated four modules, including knowledge, intelligent exercise, overcoming obstacles, and sharing and interaction. It had such functions as reminders, fun exercise, shadowing exercise, monitoring, and documentation. Health education for the control group also started on the second day after surgery and was conducted by a method of brochures of pictures and text and WeChat group reminder messages. The participants were surveyed before discharge and 3 months after their surgery. The primary outcome measure compared between the two groups was the degree of kinesophobia. Secondary outcome measures included differences in adherence to functional exercise (Functional Exercise Adherence Scale), pain level (Visual Analogue Scale score), degree of cervical functional impairment (Cervical Disability Index), and quality of life (primarily assessed by the Quality of Life Short Form 12 [SF-12] scale for psychological and physiological health scores). Results: A total of 112 patients were enrolled and 108 patients completed follow-up. Eventually, there were 53 cases in the intelligent education group and 55 cases in the control group. None of the patients experienced any sports-related injuries. There was no statistically significant difference in the primary and secondary outcome measures between the two groups at the time of discharge. At the 3-month follow-up after the surgery, the level of kinesophobia in the intelligent education group (25.72±3.90) was lower than that in the control group (29.67±6.16), and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). In the intelligent education group, the degree of pain (expressed in the median [25th percentile, 75th percentile]) was lower than that of the control group (0 [0, 0] vs. 1 [1, 2], P<0.05), the functional exercise adherence was better than that of the control group (63.87±7.26 vs. 57.73±8.07, P<0.05), the psychological health was better than that of the control group (40.78±3.98 vs. 47.78±1.84, P<0.05), and the physical health was better than that of the control group (43.16±4.41 vs. 46.30±3.80, P<0.05), with all the differences being statistically significant. There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of cervical functional impairment between the two groups (1 [1, 2] vs. 3 [2, 7], P>0.05). Conclusion: Intelligent health education based on the health belief model can help reduce the degree of kinesophobia in patients with postoperative kinesophobia after surgical treatment of cervical spondylosis and improve patient prognosis.

[Does patient communication influence kinesiophobia? A systematic review]. / ¿Influye la comunicación con el paciente sobre la kinesiofobia? Una revisión sistemática.

The aim of the present systematic review was to determine the effect of communication in the health care setting on kinesiophobia. To this end, a literature search was conducted in seven databases between November 2022 and February 2023. The review was carried out following the PRISMA statement and for the analysis of methodological quality we used: PEDro Scale, Van Tulder criteria and risk of bias analysis of the Cochrane Collaboration. A total of 13 articles were included with a mean methodological quality of 7.1 out of 10. Significant results were obtained for at least one variable (kinesiophobia, disability or level of physical activity) in 12 articles. There is strong evidence that communication can influence a subject's kinesiophobia. This influence is most likely to be in a negative or disabling sense, but it can also act in a positive sense by decreasing it.

Prevalence and influencing factors of kinesiophobia in patients with heart disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review.

This study aims to assess the global prevalence of kinesiophobia and the potential influencing factors among patients with heart disease. A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, PsycINFO, and Scopus databases to identify studies reporting on the prevalence of kinesiophobia and its influencing factors in heart disease patients up to January 2024. A random-effects model was employed to aggregate prevalence rates. Heterogeneity sources were investigated through subgroup analysis, while differences in the prevalence of kinesiophobia across regions, types of heart disease, and gender were evaluated. Additionally, a qualitative analysis of the factors influencing kinesiophobia was performed. This research incorporated 15 studies from six countries, with 14 providing data on the prevalence of kinesiophobia and nine exploring its potential influencing factors. The findings indicated that the overall prevalence of kinesiophobia among heart disease patients was 61.0% (95% CI 49.4-72.6%). Subgroup analysis revealed that the prevalence in upper-middle-income countries was 71.8% (95% CI 66.2-77.4%), while it stands at 49.9% (95% CI 30.2-69.5%) in high-income countries. The prevalence rates among patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation were 63.2% (95% CI 45.2-81.3%), 69.2% (95% CI 57.6-80.8%), and 71.6% (95% CI 67.1-76.1%), respectively. Gender-wise, no significant difference was observed in the prevalence of kinesiophobia between men and women (52.2% vs. 51.8%). A total of 24 potential influencing factors of kinesiophobia were identified, with education level, monthly income, anxiety, and exercise self-efficacy being the most recognized. The prevalence of kinesiophobia in patients with heart disease is notably high and is influenced by a multitude of factors. Early implementation of targeted preventive measures is imperative to mitigate the incidence of kinesiophobia in this population.

Trends and associations between kinesiophobia and knee function from preoperatively to three and six months postoperatively in patients post-ACL reconstruction surgery.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between the transition of kinesiophobia and knee joint function from the preoperative period to three months postoperative, the time to resume running, six months post-ACLR, and the goal time to resume sports. METHODS: 54 patients who underwent initial ACLR were included in this study. The Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia-11 (TSK-11) was used to assess kinesiophobia. One-way ANOVA was performed for the preoperative, three-month postoperative, and six-month postoperative endpoints. To examine changes in knee function associated with changes in TSK-11, we calculated correlations between the differences at each time point. RESULTS: TSK-11 decreased significantly at both three and six months postoperatively compared with the preoperative level, but there was no significant change between three months and six months postoperatively. Similar to the decrease in TSK-11 from preoperatively to three and six months postoperatively, there was an improvement in flexion ROM, Pain, Subjective knee function, but none of these changed significantly from three to six months postoperatively. CONCLUSION: There may be significant improvements in knee function associated with TSK-11 reduction up to three months postoperatively.

Is kinesiophobia associated with functional outcome measures in patients following medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction?

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to investigate the potential relationship between kinesiophobia and functional outcomes in patients following medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (MPFLr). METHODS: Twenty-one patients (six males, 15 females) who underwent MPFLr between 2016 and 2020, (23.57 ± 9.49 years old) with a mean follow up period of 52.33 ± 24.82 months were included in the study. Following an assessment of patellar stability and alignment, kinesiophobia levels, function and balance were measured. The kinesiophobia was measured using the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, while functional outcomes were assessed with the single-leg hop test, Y-Balance test and single-leg sway index. The self-reported function was measured by Kujala patellofemoral score and Lysholm knee score. RESULTS: The patients exhibited kinesiophobia scores of 43.10 ± 6.90. A negative correlation existed between kinesiophobia and both the Kujala scores (r = -0.75, P < 0.001) and the Lysholm scores (r = -0.79, P < 0.001). Moderate negative correlations were observed between kinesiophobia and the single-leg hop distance (r = -0.64, P < 0.01), as well as in Y-Balance test anterior reach distance (r = -0.51, P < 0.01) and posterolateral reach distance (r = -0.55, P < 0.01). Additionally, a low negative correlation was noted between kinesiophobia and Y-Balance test posteromedial reach distances (r = -0.43, P = 0.05), as well as the total sway index (r = -0.46, P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: A high level of kinesiophobia was strongly correlated with self-reported functional scores and moderately correlated with measured functional outcomes. The findings underscore a notable prevalence of kinesiophobia following biomechanically successful MPFLr. Investigating the impact of kinesiophobia on outcomes after MPFLr may provide a better understanding of patient recovery.