The impact of musculoskeletal ill health on quality of life and function after critical care: a multicentre prospective cohort study.

Physical disability is a common component of post-intensive care syndrome, but the importance of musculoskeletal health in this population is currently unknown. We aimed to determine the musculoskeletal health state of intensive care unit survivors and assess its relationship with health-related quality of life; employment; and psychological and physical function. We conducted a multicentre prospective cohort study of adults admitted to intensive care for > 48 h without musculoskeletal trauma or neurological insult. Patients were followed up 6 months after admission where musculoskeletal health state was measured using the validated Musculoskeletal Health Questionnaire score. Of the 254 participants, 150 (59%) had a musculoskeletal problem and only 60 (24%) had received physiotherapy after discharge. Functional Comorbidity Index, Clinical Frailty Scale, duration of intensive care unit stay and prone positioning were all independently associated with worse musculoskeletal health. Musculoskeletal health state moderately correlated with quality of life, rs = 0.499 (95%CI 0.392-0.589); anxiety, rs = -0.433 (95%CI -0.538 to -0.315); and depression, rs = -0.537 (95%CI -0.631 to -0.434) (all p < 0.001). Patients with a musculoskeletal problem were less physically active than those without a problem (median (IQR [range]) number of 30 min physical activity sessions per week 1 (0-3.25 [0-7]) vs. 4 (1-7 [0-7]), p < 0.001, respectively). This study found that musculoskeletal health problems were common after intensive care unit stay. However, we observed that < 25% of patients received physical rehabilitation after discharge home. Our work has identified potential high-risk groups to target in future interventional studies.

The Ergonomic Behaviors Evaluation Tool (EBET) based on social cognitive theory for the assembly line workers: development and psychometric assessment.

BACKGROUND: Ergonomic behaviors play a crucial role in preventing work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). To measure these behaviors, this research aimed to develop and evaluate an ergonomic behaviors tool (EBET) based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) among women workers on assembly lines (WwAL). METHODS: The study was conducted from December 2022 to January 2023 with a focus on the psychometric assessment of EBET. Initially, a literature review and interviews were carried out to identify crucial concepts and primary items. The questionnaire's validity was evaluated using the Content Validity Ratio (CVR) and the Content Validity Index (CVI). To determine the domains of the tool, construct validity was examined by administering the items to 270 eligible women. The reliability of the tool was assessed using McDonald's Omega coefficient. RESULTS: From a total of 67 primary items, 50 were confirmed. The study demonstrated good validity with CVR = 0.92 and CVI = 0.97, along with reliable results indicated by McDonald's Omega coefficient of 0.74. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) revealed ten distinct dimensions: outcome expectations, outcome expectancies, normative beliefs, perceived barriers, social support, observational learning, reinforcement, behavioral skills, self-efficacy, and intention. Together, these dimensions accounted for 66.25% of the variance in the data. Additionally, the confirmatory factor analysis results supported the presence of these ten constructs and demonstrated a satisfactory fit. CONCLUSIONS: EBET is a dependable and valid instrument for evaluating the ergonomic behaviors of workers, utilizing the principles of SCT. Researchers can employ EBET to gather data and implement suitable training interventions to enhance ergonomic behavior among WwAL. However, it is crucial to recognize that EBET may not encompass all facets of ergonomic behaviors. Therefore, it is imperative for future research to prioritize the evaluation of EBET's suitability among diverse worker populations and to consider additional dimensions of ergonomics to ensure its wider applicability and effectiveness.

The relationship between physical and psychosocial workplace exposures and life expectancy free of musculoskeletal and cardiovascular disease in working life - an analysis based on German health insurance data.

BACKGROUND: Against the backdrop of the debate on extending working life, it is important to identify vulnerable occupational groups by analysing inequalities in healthy life years. The aim of the study is to analyse partial life expectancy (age 30-65) [1] free of musculoskeletal diseases (MSD) and [2] free of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in occupational groups with different levels of physical and psychosocial exposures. METHODS: The study is based on German health insurance claims data from 2015 to 2018. The study population comprises all employed insured persons aged 18 to 65 years (N = 1,528,523). Occupational exposures were assessed using a Job Exposure Matrix. Life years free of MSD / CVD and life years with MSD /CVD during working age were estimated using multistate life tables. RESULTS: We found inequalities in MSD-free and CVD-free life years, with less disease-free years among men and women having jobs with high levels of physical and psychosocial exposures. Men with low physical exposures had 2.4 more MSD-free and 0.7 more CVD-free years than men with high physical exposures. Women with low psychosocial exposures had 1.7 MSD-free and 1.0 CVD-free years more than women with high psychosocial exposures. CONCLUSIONS: Employees in occupations with high physical and psychosocial demands constitute vulnerable groups for reduced life expectancy free of MSD and CVD. Given the inequalities and high numbers of disease-affected life years during working age, the prevention potential of occupational health care and workplace health promotion should be used more extensively.

Surgeon Prioritization of Mental, Social, and Pathophysiological Aspects of Health Among People With Traumatic and Nontraumatic Musculoskeletal Conditions.

BACKGROUND: There is mounting evidence that, among musculoskeletal patients, variation in capability has more notable associations with variations in mental and social health factors than with variation in pathophysiology severity. This study sought factors that could limit the integration of this evidence into more comprehensive care models. METHODS: In two scenario-based experiments, surgeon participants in an international collaborative, the Science of Variation Group, reviewed scenarios of (a) nontraumatic (83 participants) and (b) trauma-related (130 participants) pathophysiologies for which tests and treatments were discretionary. The following demographic, mental, and social health elements were varied randomly: sex, age, race/ethnicity, mindsets, social health aspects, and specific pathophysiologies. For each scenario, participants rated their likelihood to offer surgery (continuous) and their sense of presence of an opportunity to address better mental or social health in treatment (yes or no). Factors associated with each rating were sought in multivariable analysis. RESULTS: Greater likelihood to offer discretionary surgery for nontraumatic pathophysiologies was associated with greater pathophysiology severity, trapeziometacarpal arthritis, and greater distress and unhelpful thoughts regarding symptoms. Lateral elbow enthesopathy was associated with a lower likelihood. For trauma-related pathophysiologies, an ankle fracture with slight articular subluxation was associated with greater likelihood to offer surgery, and several other trauma-related pathophysiologies were associated with a lower likelihood. For both nontraumatic and trauma-related pathophysiologies, surgeons noticed unhelpful thinking, distress, and social issues as reasons to consider addressing mental and social health in treatment, relatively independent of pathophysiology. CONCLUSION: Surgeons seem to recognize opportunities to address mental and social needs but ultimately base their decision to offer discretionary surgery on pathophysiological factors. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Comprehensive, whole-person care for musculoskeletal illness might be supported by strategies for ensuring that aspects of stress and distress that contribute to greater symptom intensity are not misinterpreted as a reflection of greater pathophysiology severity.

Motivation toward physical activity in patients with chronic musculoskeletal disorders: a meta-analysis of the efficacy of behavioural interventions.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MDs) represent a global health issue, which can lead to disability. Physical activity (PA) reduces pain and increases physical function among patients with MDs. To promote behavioural changes, it seems important to focus on modifiable factors, such as motivation. Thus, this review aims to assess effects of interventions targeting PA on motivation towards PA. Searches used terms referring to "physical activity", "motivation" and "chronic musculoskeletal disorders" on the databases PubMed, PsychINFO, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PEDro and Web of Science. All types of intervention-including but not limited to RCTs-were eligible for inclusion. Risk of bias was assessed with the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD). Among 6 489 abstracts identified, there were 387 eligible studies and 19 were included, reporting in total 34 effect sizes. The meta-analysis concerned 1 869 patients and indicated a small effect of interventions on change in motivation towards PA (d = 0.34; 95% CI [0.15; 0.54]; p < .01; k = 33). Behavioural interventions positively impact PA motivation in patients with MDs. In the literature, most studies focused on intervention's effect on fear of movement. Future research should assess other explicit motivational constructs, as well as implicit processes.

Impact of healthcare interventions on distress following acute musculoskeletal/orthopaedic injury: a scoping review of systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal injuries can cause distress, and distress is associated with delayed recovery. Numerous interventions have been developed to facilitate recovery from injury, and several systematic reviews evaluate the efficacy of these interventions for reducing psychological distress. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aims to map the synthesised evidence for the relationship between treatment interventions and distress-related outcomes following acute injury. The objectives were (1) to describe the types of interventions that have been evaluated in relation to distress-related outcomes following accidental injury, (2) to examine the scope of distress-related outcomes that have been measured in relation to these interventions and (3) to explore the range of clinical professions that deliver these interventions. DESIGN: We searched nine electronic databases and grey literature (to 21 April 2022). We included any systematic review reporting on the relationship between interventions delivered in the time following injury and distress-related outcomes. Data relevant to the specific objectives of this scoping review were extracted and described using narrative synthesis. RESULTS: From 8412 systematic reviews imported for screening, 8266 unique records were screened. 179 were selected for full-text review. 84 systematic reviews were included in the study. Interventional types were pharmacological, psychological, exercise based, physical/manual therapies, virtual reality based, multimodal and workplace based. Interventions were delivered digitally, face to face and using virtual reality by a variety of healthcare professionals, including doctors, nurses, psychologists and physiotherapists. The most frequently reported distress-related variables included anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder diagnosis. CONCLUSION: A wide range of interventions may help to mitigate distress following acute accidental musculoskeletal or orthopaedic injury. Even interventions that were not designed to reduce distress were found to improve distress-related outcomes. In view of the important role of distress in recovery from injury, it is recommended that distress-related variables are measured as core outcomes in the evaluation of treatments for acute injuries.

Patients presenting with musculoskeletal disorders in the emergency department: A qualitative study of their experiences when cared by advanced practice physiotherapists in the province of Québec.

BACKGROUND: Advanced practice physiotherapy (APP) models of care are promising to alleviate pressure in emergency departments (EDs) where physiotherapists' new roles include being a first-contact practitioner and leading the overall care and management of patients with minor musculoskeletal disorders (MSKDs) to alleviate ED physicians' caseload. PURPOSE: To explore patients' acceptability, experience, satisfaction, and perception of a new APP-led model of care in the ED. METHODS: Patients presenting to the ED with a minor MSKD and who agreed to participate in a multicenter, pan-Canadian randomized controlled trial assessing the efficacy and costs of an APP model of care were invited to participate in this qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews were performed to identify themes related to their experiences with this model. Verbatim transcripts were coded and analysed using an inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS: 11 patients participated and three themes were identified: 1- They were satisfied with the care received within the model; 2- They found APPs to have the appropriate skill set to manage MSKDs and to assume medical-delegated tasks; 3- Timely access to care was a key factor in the acceptability of this model and participants believed physiotherapists were appropriate first-contact practitioners. One participant proposed that the APP model of care should also offer follow-up care. CONCLUSION: Participants had a positive experience of care in this new model. These results support the implementation of APP models of care in EDs as the participants appear receptive to new roles for APPs.

The chiropractors' dilemma in caring for older patients with musculoskeletal complaints: Collaborate, integrate, coexist, or separate?

The world's elderly population is growing at a rapid pace. This has led to an increase in demand on the health and welfare systems due to age-related disorders, with musculoskeletal complaints driving the need for rehabilitation services. However, there are concerns about health services' ability to meet this demand. While chiropractic care is gaining recognition for its benefits in treating older adults with musculoskeletal disorders, there is limited scientific literature on chiropractors' role and experiences in this area. To bridge this gap, we interviewed 21 chiropractors in Great Britain, the Netherlands, Norway, and Sweden. Inductive qualitative content analysis was used to analyse the interviews, and despite differences in integration and regulation between the countries, several common facilitators and barriers in caring for and managing older patients with musculoskeletal complaints emerged. While participants expressed optimism about future collaborations with other healthcare professionals and the integration of chiropractic into national healthcare systems, they also highlighted significant concerns regarding the existing healthcare infrastructure. The participants also felt that chiropractors, with their non-surgical and holistic approach, were well-positioned to be the primary point of contact for older patients. However, there were some common barriers, such as the affordability of care, limited integration of chiropractic, and the need to prioritise musculoskeletal complaints within public healthcare. Our findings suggest that chiropractors experience their clinical competencies as an underutilised resource in the available healthcare systems and that they could contribute to and potentially reduce the escalating burden of musculoskeletal complaints and associated costs among older patients. Additionally, our findings highlight the desire among the participants to foster collaboration among healthcare professionals and integrate chiropractic into the national public healthcare system. Integrating chiropractors as allied health professionals was also perceived to improve coordinated, patient-centred healthcare for older adults.

Systematic review and tools appraisal of prognostic factors of return to work in workers on sick leave due to musculoskeletal and common mental disorders.

With the overall objective of providing implication for clinical and research practices regarding the identification and measurement of modifiable predicting factors for return to work (RTW) in people with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) and common mental disorders (CMDs), this study 1) systematically examined and synthetized the research evidence available in the literature on the topic, and 2) critically evaluated the tools used to measure each identified factor. A systematic search of prognostic studies was conducted, considering four groups of keywords: 1) population (i.e., MSDs or CMDs), 2) study design (prospective), 3) modifiable factors, 4) outcomes of interest (i.e., RTW). Studies showing high risk of bias were eliminated. Tools used to measure prognostic factors were assessed using psychometric and usability criteria. From the 78 studies that met inclusion criteria, 19 (for MSDs) and 5 (for CMDs) factors reaching moderate or strong evidence were extracted. These factors included work accommodations, RTW expectations, job demands (physical), job demands (psychological), job strain, work ability, RTW self-efficacy, expectations of recovery, locus of control, referred pain (back pain), activities as assessed with disability questionnaires, pain catastrophizing, coping strategies, fears, illness behaviours, mental vitality, a positive health change, sleep quality, and participation. Measurement tools ranged from single-item tools to multi-item standardized questionnaires or subscales. The former generally showed low psychometric properties but excellent usability, whereas the later showed good to excellent psychometric properties and variable usability. The rigorous approach to the selection of eligible studies allowed the identification of a relatively small set of prognostic factors, but with a higher level of certainty. For each factor, the present tool assessment allows an informed choice to balance psychometric and usability criteria.

Predictors of musculoskeletal disorders and job satisfaction among office workers of an oil company: A cross-sectional study in Iran.

BACKGROUND: Musculoskeletal disorders are among the significant causes of disabilities and occupational injuries all over the world and can reduce the quality of life and job satisfaction. These disorders prevail among the office workers of the Iranian Oil Company, though research on the involved factors is limited. OBJECTIVE: The present study investigated the incidence and risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders and their association with job satisfaction among the office workers of the Iranian Oil Company. METHODS: The present research was a cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study on 210 male office workers of the Iranian Oil Company. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and the rate of job satisfaction were measured by Nordic Musculoskeletal and Minnesota job Satisfaction Questionnaires, respectively. The relationship between the variables was analyzed by the SPSS 28 software. RESULTS: The most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders among office workers in the past 12 months were associated with the neck, waist, and knee organs, with 45.70, 41, and 38.10 percentages. Smoking, second jobs, and physical injury histories were identified as three risk factors connected to musculoskeletal disorders (p < 0.05). Forty-one percent of the participants were moderately satisfied with their jobs, and this number was significantly related to musculoskeletal disorders in the shoulders, elbows, back, waist, and knees (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that second jobs, smoking, and physical injury histories are three risk factors for musculoskeletal disorders among office workers of the Iranian Oil Company. Thus, it is imperative to identify at-risk office workers and train and encourage them to take preventive actions and employ ergonomic job equipment.

Passion and performance anxiety: How it affects the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in dancers.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine the association between the incidence of musculoskeletal disorder episodes (MDEs) and obsessive and harmonious passion as well as performance anxiety throughout a dance season, which lasted 38 weeks. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: A total of 118 professional and preprofessional dancers were recruited and assessed at baseline, while 88 completed the follow-up. Their levels of passion and performance anxiety were assessed at the beginning of a dance season using the Passion Scale and the Kenny Music Performance Anxiety Inventory, respectively. To monitor the incidence of MDEs throughout a dance season, dancers were asked to complete a weekly electronic diary. RESULTS: A higher level of obsessive passion was associated with a higher incidence of MDEs causing an interruption of dance activities (ß = 0.264, p = 0.022). Harmonious passion and performance anxiety were not associated with MDEs throughout the season. CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this study support the role of obsessive passion in the development of MDEs in dancers.

Psychological Risk Factors for Delayed Recovery Among Active Duty Service Members Seeking Treatment for Musculoskeletal Complaints at a Navy Shore-Based Military Medical Treatment Facility.

INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal injuries (MSIs) are a leading cause of separation from the U.S. Navy. Data have shown that several psychological responses to MSI are associated with treatment outcomes. Yellow flags are maladaptive psychological responses to injury and predict delayed recovery, whereas pink flags indicate resilience after MSI and are associated with good treatment outcomes. Identifying these factors in patients with MSI would permit early targeted care to address factors that may delay their readiness for deployment and enhance factors that support recovery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Active duty service members with MSI who reported to physical therapy outpatient services at a naval hospital were recruited for the study. Yellow flags were assessed at baseline as part of a larger study. Participants completed the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (with two subscales, physical activity and work), the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Clinically relevant cut-off scores were used to indicate risk factors of delayed recovery. Pink flags were assessed with the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire and a measure of positive outcome expectations for recovery. RESULTS: Two hundred and ninety participants responded to some or all of the questionnaires. Of these, 82% exceeded the cut-off scores on the physical activity subscale of the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, and 39% did so on the work subscale. Pain catastrophizing exceeded the cut-off in only 4.9% of the sample. Forty-three percent of these exceeded the cut-off for the anxiety subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; 27% exceeded the cut-off on the depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Additionally, 54% endorsed scores greater than 40 on the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, and 53% endorsed a high score on the positive outcome expectations. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial portion of the sample endorsed elevated scores on one or more indicators of delayed recovery from MSI. Most participants showed a fear of physical activity, and approximately half reported pain-related distress (anxiety and depression). In addition, feelings of self-efficacy and positive outcome expectations of treatment were endorsed by only about half of the participants, indicating that the remaining half did not report adaptive responses to MSI. Early identification of these risk factors will allow for targeted treatment approaches that incorporate these yellow flags into treatment and support a psychologically informed approach to physical therapy. This approach is likely to reduce delayed recovery and improve deployment readiness.

Does COVID-19 Related Lockdown Restrictions Impact People With Musculoskeletal Disorders? A Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: As a result of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related lockdown restrictions, people with musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders could be at increased risk of physical and psychological disabilities. This review aimed to summarise the impact of COVID-19 related lockdown restrictions on people with MSK disorders. METHODS: Six electronic databases were searched for studies in the English language published until June 10, 2024. We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses to identify, select, and critically appraise relevant research. Two reviewers independently abstracted data from the included studies. Data were summarised using narrative synthesis, and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment. RESULTS: The search strategy identified 637 articles, 129 of which were removed as duplicates. Fifteen studies that met the inclusion criteria were analysed. The sample size the studies reviewed ranged from 40 to 1800. Having MSK disorders during COVID-19 related lockdown restrictions led to increased risk of pain, stress, depression, anxiety, MSK related injuries, decreased quality of life and increased use of emergency department. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to report that COVID-19 related lockdown restrictions led to increased risk of pain, MSK injuries and healthcare resource utilisation as well as decreased quality of life among patients with MSK disorders. These results may help inform policy and management strategies in future for people with MSK disorders to mitigate the negative impact of pandemic.

Factors Associated With Reporting Attitudes of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Direct Care Workers in South Korea.

BACKGROUND: Workers' reporting of work-related injuries or illnesses is important for treatment and prevention, yet research often focuses on reporting barriers. This study aimed to identify factors related to work-related musculoskeletal disorder (WRMSD) reporting attitudes and their connection to reporting intention and behavior. METHODS: We analyzed data from 377 direct care workers employed in 19 long-term care facilities in South Korea. A self-administered questionnaire collected demographics, job characteristics, physical and psychosocial factors, musculoskeletal symptoms, reporting attitudes, and WRMSD reporting intentions and behavior between May and August 2022. We used a generalized linear mixed model with a random intercept by employers to identify factors influencing reporting attitudes. To explore the relationship between reporting attitude and reporting intention and behavior, simple logistic regression was also conducted. RESULTS: We achieved an 86% response rate. The majority of the study participants were female (87.2%), married (95.9%), and non-immigrant (72.8%). Of the study participants, 48.9% had no intention to report WRMSDs, and 44.3% held negative reporting attitudes. Among 200 workers with WRMSDs, 86.5% did not report them. Attitudes were associated with work duration, safety training, management safety priority, WRMSD experience, and symptom severity and frequency. Management safety priority did not moderate this relationship. Significant links existed between attitudes and reporting intention and behavior. CONCLUSIONS/APPLICATIONS TO PRACTICE: This study highlights the vital influence of workers' attitudes on reporting work-related injuries and illnesses. Occupational health providers should employ strategies, such as tailored safety training and management commitment, with a focus on addressing the unique needs of long-tenured and musculoskeletal-exposed workers. Fostering a safety culture that promotes open and timely reporting is crucial, and implementing these strategies can significantly enhance workplace safety and health.

Peer-Led Versus Authority-Led Video Intervention Effects on Musculoskeletal Injury Help-Seeking Intentions in Reserve Officers' Training Corps.

INTRODUCTION: Reserve Officers' Training Corps (ROTC) trainees are college students who complete military courses and participate in physical and tactical training under the direction of military Service Members assigned to ROTC programs to serve as faculty and staff at US colleges. ROTC trainees report musculoskeletal injuries (MSKIs) attributable to ROTC training in line with MSKI incidence in other training environments. However, concealment is prevalent, as 66% of MSKIs in ROTC go unreported. The current study investigated if a brief, online educational video could increase ROTC trainees' reporting intentions. In addition, we investigated if the message's source (i.e., peer or authority figure) affected reporting intentions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A repeated measures design was used to evaluate the impact of 2 MSKI educational interventions, one delivered by a high-achieving Army ROTC trainee (peer-led) and the other delivered by an Army ROTC battalion commander (authority-led), on MSKI reporting intentions, as compared to each other and a control intervention. Other than their personal introductions, both individuals had the same script addressing 4 areas: (1) MSKI prevalence in ROTC, (2) evidence of improved outcomes with early treatment, (3) encouraging injury reporting, and (4) addressing specific barriers and stigma beliefs previously identified in ROTC. The control condition consisted of a video demonstrating exercise technique with voiceover. A survey was developed to measure stigma regarding MSKI reporting and intentions to seek help for MSKI. ROTC trainees at 23 universities were invited to participate via an anonymous survey link. Participants completed the following using an online survey platform: (1) pre-intervention MSKI intentions scale, (2) randomly assigned intervention video, and (3) repeat MSKI intentions scale post-intervention. A two-way mixed, ANOVA was performed to assess interaction effects and main effects pre- and post-intervention. RESULTS: One-hundred ROTC trainees (39% female; age = 21 ± 2 years, ROTC experience = 2 ± 1 years) completed the study. Participants were primarily from Army ROTC programs (72 Army, 14 Air Force, and 14 Naval). Pre-intervention survey scores (possible score range 8-56 with lower scores indicating greater intention to seek help): authority-led (n = 31) 20.3 ± 9.4, peer-led (n = 32) 21.8 ± 8.7, control (n = 37) 19.1 ± 10.1, total 20.3 ± 9.4. Post-intervention scores: authority-led 20.9 ± 11.2, peer-led 20.2 ± 10.0, control 17.3 ± 7.7, total 19.7 ± 9.3. There was no significant group*time interaction (F2,97 = 0.92, P = .403, η2partial = 0.02). There were no significant main effects for time (F1,97 = 1.461, P = .230, η2partial =0.015) or group (F2,97 = 1.08, P = .342, η2partial = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Findings did not support the use of a single educational intervention video to influence MSKI help-seeking intentions of ROTC trainees. Intentions may already be ingrained such that a single intervention could not influence change. Previous research on concussion reporting indicates that concealment cultures may be systematic and indoctrination of concealment can influence one's reporting intentions. Our sample had already participated in ROTC for 2 years. Future research should evaluate if MSKI help-seeking intentions change over the course of ROTC participation, or even over a military career.

Musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life for Chilean teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic at the academic year-end.

Introduction: Schoolteachers have reported multiple demands contributing to poor perceptions regarding their quality of life and high rates of musculoskeletal disorders. However, there are few studies about the association between musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life from the end of the academic period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: Evaluate musculoskeletal disorders rates and their association with quality of life perceptions among teachers from the last academic period during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants and methods: A total sample of 161 Chilean schoolteachers was included in a cross-sectional study musculoskeletal disorders prevalence was evaluated using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire, and quality of life was evaluated through the Short-Form 12 Health Survey Instrument. A logistic regression was applied to evaluate the association between musculoskeletal disorders and quality of life perceptions adjusted by gender, age, and contract type. Results: 98% of teachers have suffered from some type of musculoskeletal disorders during the last 12 months, and 64% have had six or more painful regions. Women showed a higher musculoskeletal disorders rate than men. The group of teachers with the most musculoskeletal disorders (≥p50) saw significantly greater risk of low scores on the physical (OR: 2.16; p < 0.05) and mental components (OR: 4.86; p < 0.01) of quality of life, regardless of gender, age, and contract type. Conclusion: High musculoskeletal disorders rates suggest that preventive and informative actions must be taken regarding these disorders in order to protect teachers' mental and physical health, considering the effects of the school year and the COVID-19 health crisis.

Disclosing Strain: How Psychosocial Risk Factors Influence Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Healthcare Workers Preceding and during the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Healthcare workers, particularly nurses, engage in a daily work routine that takes a toll on their emotional well-being, rendering them vulnerable to psychosocial risk factors. This research seeks to analyse the influence of psychosocial risk factors on the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders among nurses. An additional analysis was performed to understand the role of age in work-related musculoskeletal disorders and the perception of psychosocial risk factors. The study was conducted during two separate periods-pre-pandemic and pandemic times-involving a sample of 456 nurses from both public and private hospitals in Portugal. The INSAT-Health and Work Survey-was used as measuring instrument. The primary observations indicated a consistency between psychosocial risk factors and the occurrence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. The findings revealed a significant exposure to psychosocial risk factors, with work pace, intensity, work relationships, and emotional demands exhibiting higher global average percentages during both periods, pre-pandemic and pandemic. Nonetheless, we find that the psychosocial risk factors change when we analyse the pre-pandemic and pandemic results. During the period before the pandemic, the psychosocial risk factors that were most commonly reported included the demanding pace of work, long working hours, and emotional demands. Through the pandemic, the most pronounced psychosocial risk factors were work relationships, employment relationships, and ethical and values conflicts. Therefore, research in this domain is essential to understanding psychosocial risk factors and assessing the less obvious links between work and health.

Assessment of work-related stress utilizing the Find My Stress mobile application among university students and adult workers amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.

OBJECTIVES: This cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate work-related stress and the efficacy associated with the newly developed Find My Stress mobile application. The global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic has significantly influenced the quality of life, transcending geographical boundaries and inducing stress that has detrimentally affected health and work efficiency. METHODS: A total of 440 male and female participants, comprising university students and adult workers, were enrolled in the study. Participants completed an assessment in the application that consisted of three components: 1) perceived work stress, 2) environmental stress factors, and 3) application efficiency. RESULTS: University students exhibited higher perceived stress levels compared to adult workers (p = 0.031). The predominant physical factors contributing to musculoskeletal disorders in university students were identified as movement and posture factors, particularly related to vibration and organization. Conversely, environmental factors took precedence in adult workers, followed by posture and movement. The reliability of the perceived work stress questionnaire was evaluated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and yielded a value of 0.96. The Find My Stress application demonstrated high efficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Elevated levels of work stress were observed in both university students and adult workers. Initial signs of musculoskeletal disorders in university students primarily manifested in the neck and upper back, arms, and hands, while adult workers predominantly reported complaints related to the arms and hands. The Find My Stress application emerges as a valuable tool for screening occupational stressors.

Musculoskeletal symptoms in nursing students: concept analysis / Sintomatologia musculoesquelética em estudantes de enfermagem: uma análise de conceito / Sintomatología musculoesquelética en estudiantes de enfermería: un análisis de concepto

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the musculoskeletal symptomatology concept in undergraduate nursing students through Rodgers' evolutionary method. Method: An integrative review of the literature was performed for the identification and selection of ten articles. A concept analysis was performed according to Rodgers' evolutionary method. Article search was performed using the EBOSCO Host platform, Virtual Health Library and Google scholar for the years from 2004 to 2018. Results: Based on the 3 elements of Rodgers model we found: 1) substitute terms and related concepts, where musculoskeletal disorders and musculoskeletal symptoms were highlighted; 2) as essential attributes of the concept we highlight pain and discomfort, as well as, measurement using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire; and 3) risk factors were identified as antecedents, and the consequences were the impact on students' lives. Conclusions: This study contributes to the knowledge and clarification of the concept of musculoskeletal symptomatology in nursing students.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o conceito de sintomatologia musculoesquelética nos estudantes de licenciatura em enfermagem segundo o método evolucionário de Rodgers. Método: Foram incluídos dez artigos através de uma revisão integrativa da literatura para identificação e seleção dos artigos. Análise de conceito foi pelo método evolucionário de Rodgers para análise dos dados. Os artigos pesquisados na plataforma Host EBOSCO, na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde e no Google Scholar de 2004 a 2018. Resultados: Com base no método de Rodgers, foi possível a identificação: 1) termos substitutos e conceitos relacionados, onde foram destacados os distúrbios musculoesqueléticos e os sintomas musculoesqueléticos; 2) como atributos essenciais do conceito destacamos, dor e desconforto, bem como mensuração pelo Questionário Nórdico-Musculoesquelético; e 3) os fatores de risco foram identificados como antecedentes e o impacto na vida dos estudantes como consequências. Conclusão: Este estudo contribuiu para o conhecimento e esclarecimento do conceito de sintomatologia musculoesquelética em estudantes de enfermagem.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el concepto de sintomatología musculoesquelética en los estudiantes de enfermería según el método evolutivo de Rodgers. Método: Se incluyeron diez artículos. Hecho una revisión integrativa de la literatura para identificación y selección de los artículos. Análisis de concepto según el método evolutivo de Rodgers. Los artículos fueron recogidos en la plataforma Host EBOSCO, en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud y en Google Scholar de 2004 a 2018. Resultados: Con base en el método de Rodgers, fue posible la identificación: 1) términos substitutos y conceptos relacionados, donde fueron destacados los disturbios musculoesqueléticos y los síntomas musculoesqueléticos; 2) como atributos esenciales del concepto destacamos, dolor e incomodidad, así como la medición por el Cuestionario Nórdico-Musculoesquelético; 3) los factores de riesgo se identificaron como antecedentes y el impacto en la vida de los estudiantes como consecuencia. Conclusión: Este estudio contribuye al conocimiento y clarificación del concepto de sintomatología musculoesquelética en estudiantes de enfermería.