A multicenter evaluation of gentamicin therapy in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Pharmacotherapy
; 21(1): 7-10, 2001 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-11191739
ABSTRACT
STUDY OBJECTIVE:
To evaluate traditional nomogram (TN) versus individualized pharmacokinetic gentamicin dosing practices in neonatal intensive care units, focusing on achieving target therapeutic concentrations (peak > 8 microg/ml, trough < 2 microg/ml), number of dosing changes, number of concentrations obtained, and evidence of nephrotoxicity.DESIGN:
Retrospective chart review.SETTING:
Three neonatal intensive care units. PATIENTS Three hundred nine infants prescribed gentamicin. INTERVENTION None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAINRESULTS:
Sixty-seven percent of patients receiving pharmacokinetic dosing had initial peak concentrations of 8 microg/ml or greater compared with 7% of patients receiving TN dosing (p<0.001). Trough concentrations exceeding 2 microg/ml were reported in 23% of patients receiving TN dosing compared with 2% of pharmacokinetic-dosed patients (p<0.001). Forty-two percent and 6%, respectively, required dosage adjustments (p<0.01). The mean number of concentrations obtained per patient was 2.8 and 2.1, respectively (p<0.01). Neither group had evidence of gentamicin-related nephrotoxicity.CONCLUSION:
Compared with TN dosing, administering gentamicin loading doses and performing initial pharmacokinetic analysis resulted in rapid attainment of desired concentrations and fewer dosage adjustments, and allowed for a decrease in the number of gentamicin concentrations.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Gentamicinas
/
Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal
/
Antibacterianos
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
Limite:
Humans
/
Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Pharmacotherapy
Ano de publicação:
2001
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos