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Emotion-based decision-making in healthy subjects: short-term effects of reducing dopamine levels.
Sevy, Serge; Hassoun, Youssef; Bechara, Antoine; Yechiam, Eldad; Napolitano, Barbara; Burdick, Katherine; Delman, Howard; Malhotra, Anil.
Afiliação
  • Sevy S; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, and Psychiatry Research Department , The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Glen Oaks, NY, USA. sevy@lij.edu
Psychopharmacology (Berl) ; 188(2): 228-35, 2006 Oct.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16915385
INTRODUCTION: Converging evidences from animal and human studies suggest that addiction is associated with dopaminergic dysfunction in brain reward circuits. So far, it is unclear what aspects of addictive behaviors are related to a dopaminergic dysfunction. DISCUSSION: We hypothesize that a decrease in dopaminergic activity impairs emotion-based decision-making. To demonstrate this hypothesis, we investigated the effects of a decrease in dopaminergic activity on the performance of an emotion-based decision-making task, the Iowa gambling task (IGT), in 11 healthy human subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We used a double-blind, placebo-controlled, within-subject design to examine the effect of a mixture containing the branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) valine, isoleucine and leucine on prolactin, IGT performance, perceptual competency and visual aspects of visuospatial working memory, visual attention and working memory, and verbal memory. The expectancy-valence model was used to determine the relative contributions of distinct IGT components (attention to past outcomes, relative weight of wins and losses, and choice strategies) in the decision-making process. OBSERVATIONS AND RESULTS: Compared to placebo, the BCAA mixture increased prolactin levels and impaired IGT performance. BCAA administration interfered with a particular component process of decision-making related to attention to more recent events as compared to more distant events. There were no differences between placebo and BCAA conditions for other aspects of cognition. Our results suggest a direct link between a reduced dopaminergic activity and poor emotion-based decision-making characterized by shortsightedness, and thus difficulties resisting short-term reward, despite long-term negative consequences. These findings have implications for behavioral and pharmacological interventions targeting impaired emotion-based decision-making in addictive disorders.
Assuntos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Dopamina / Cognição / Tomada de Decisões / Emoções Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials / Prognostic_studies Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Ano de publicação: 2006 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Dopamina / Cognição / Tomada de Decisões / Emoções Tipo de estudo: Clinical_trials / Prognostic_studies Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Ano de publicação: 2006 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos