Perspectives in microvascular fluid handling: does the distribution of coagulation factors in human myocardium comply with plasma extravasation in venular coronary segments?
J Vasc Res
; 48(3): 219-26, 2011.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-21088428
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Heterogeneity of vascular permeability has been suggested for the coronary system. Whereas arteriolar and capillary segments are tight, plasma proteins pass readily into the interstitial space at venular sites. Fittingly, lymphatic fluid is able to coagulate. However, heart tissue contains high concentrations of tissue factor, presumably enabling bleeding to be stopped immediately in this vital organ. The distribution of pro- and anti-coagulatively active factors in human heart tissue has now been determined in relation to the types of microvessels. METHODS ANDRESULTS:
Samples of healthy explanted hearts and dilated cardiomyopathic hearts were immunohistochemically stained. Albumin was found throughout the interstitial space. Tissue factor was packed tightly around arterioles and capillaries, whereas the tissue surrounding venules and small veins was practically free of this starter of coagulation. Thrombomodulin was present at the luminal surface of all vessel segments and especially at venular endothelial cell junctions. Its product, the anticoagulant protein C, appeared only at discrete extravascular sites, mainly next to capillaries. These distribution patterns were basically identical in the healthy and diseased hearts, suggesting a general principle.CONCLUSIONS:
Venular extravasation of plasma proteins probably would not bring prothrombin into intimate contact with tissue factor, avoiding interstitial coagulation in the absence of injury. Generation of activated protein C via thrombomodulin is favored in the vicinity of venular gaps, should thrombin occur inside coronary vessels. This regionalization of distribution supports the proposed physiological heterogeneity of the vascular barrier and complies with the passage of plasma proteins into the lymphatic system of the heart.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fatores de Coagulação Sanguínea
/
Albumina Sérica
/
Permeabilidade Capilar
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Cardiomiopatia Dilatada
/
Vasos Coronários
/
Miocárdio
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Infant
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Vasc Res
Assunto da revista:
ANGIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2011
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha