[New aspects of the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of arterial hypertension--a review of the literature]. / Neue Aspekte zur Pathophysiologie und Pathogenese der arteriellen Hypertonie--eine Literaturübersicht.

The literature review reflects new aspects of pathophysiology and pathogenesis of arterial hypertension with special regard to the role of tissue renin-angiotensin-systems, endothelial and growth factors. The arteriolar wall as well as different organs produce angiotensin, which is of higher regulatory capability than the circulating angiotensin. Natriuretic hormones, endogenous opioids, neuropeptide Y and other vasoactive peptides are accepted as new humoral factors and neuromediators with different influence on the blood volume and the peripheral resistance. The vessel endothelium produces potent vasoconstricting (e.g. endothelin and vasodilating (e.g. EDRF) factors. Finally, growth factors with their potential role in vessel wall and myocardial hyperplasia/hypertrophy are analyzed. Tissue systems, endothelial and growth factors as new elements of arterial hypertension pathogenesis may influence the further development of new antihypertensive drugs.