[Disulfiram and addiction: reminders and new perspectives of use]. / Le disulfirame (Esperal(®)) dans le traitement des addictions : rappels et nouvelles perspectives d'utilisation.

ABSTRACT

Disulfiram is a relatively old molecule, which today remains marginal in the treatment of alcoholics diseases. Using this type of treatment is the subject of ethical debate. The prescription of this therapeutic requires clinical and biological rigorous evaluations before treatment. Its main action in treatment of alcoholism is related to the restraint of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase action causing the antabuse reaction. Prescription of disulfiram, supported by specialized programs of compartmental integrated care, brings significant benefit for alcoholic patients. Recently, following the discovery of its action on dopamine metabolism, disulfiram has been a renewed interest in the treatment of addictions to cocaine and pathological gambling. Although current data are insufficient to generalize its use in routine practice, they constitute a line of research interest for the future.