The relationship between depression, anxiety and cardiovascular disease: findings from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study.
J Affect Disord
; 150(1): 84-90, 2013 Aug 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23507368
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Previous studies suggest a link between depression, anxiety and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between depressive and anxiety symptoms and CVD in a population based cohort.METHODS:
In total 1578 men and 1,417 women from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study were assessed for CVD at baseline and after 5.9 ± 1.4 years. Depressive and anxiety symptoms were measured using the HADS scale.RESULTS:
Baseline HAD-D score, but not HAD-A, was significantly associated with baseline plasma triglycerides, glucose and insulin resistance (men only) and HDL cholesterol (women only). After adjustment for CVD risk factors, higher baseline HAD-D scores were associated with increased odds ratios for CVD (men 1.162 [95% CI 1.096-1.231]; women 1.107 [1.038-1.181]). Higher HAD-A scores associated with increased CVD in men only. High HAD-D scores predicted incident CVD (adjusted OR 1.130 [1.034-1.235]), all-cause mortality (adjusted HR 1.081, [1.012-1.154]) and cardiovascular mortality (adjusted HR 1.109 [1.002-1.229]) in men but not in women.LIMITATIONS:
The use of a self-report measure of depressive and anxiety symptoms, 'healthy' responder bias and the low number of cardiovascular events are all limitations.CONCLUSIONS:
Depressive and anxiety symptoms are commoner in people with CVD. These symptoms are independent predictors of CVD in men. Although HAD-D score was significantly associated with several cardiovascular risk factors, this did not fully explain the association between HAD-D and CVD.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Ansiedade
/
Doenças Cardiovasculares
/
Depressão
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prevalence_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Affect Disord
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido