Do reward-processing deficits in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders promote cannabis use? An investigation of physiological response to natural rewards and drug cues.
J Psychiatry Neurosci
; 39(5): 339-47, 2014 Sep.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24913137
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Dysfunctional reward processing is present in individuals with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSD) and may confer vulnerability to addiction. Our objective was to identify a deficit in patients with SSD on response to rewarding stimuli and determine whether this deficit predicts cannabis use.METHODS:
We divided a group of patients with SSD and nonpsychotic controls into cannabis users and nonusers. Response to emotional and cannabis-associated visual stimuli was assessed using self-report, event-related potentials (using the late positive potential [LPP]), facial electromyography and skin-conductance response.RESULTS:
Our sample comprised 35 patients with SSD and 35 nonpsychotic controls. Compared with controls, the patients with SSD showed blunted LPP response to pleasant stimuli (p = 0.003). Across measures, cannabis-using controls showed greater response to pleasant stimuli than to cannabis stimuli whereas cannabis-using patients showed little bias toward pleasant stimuli. Reduced LPP response to pleasant stimuli was predictive of more frequent subsequent cannabis use (ß = -0.24, p = 0.034).LIMITATIONS:
It is not clear if the deficit associated with cannabis use is specific to rewarding stimuli or nonspecific to any kind of emotionally salient stimuli.CONCLUSION:
The LPP captures a reward-processing deficit in patients with SSD and shows potential as a biomarker for identifying patients at risk of heavy cannabis use.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Transtornos Psicóticos
/
Recompensa
/
Psicologia do Esquizofrênico
/
Percepção Visual
/
Encéfalo
/
Cannabis
/
Sinais (Psicologia)
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Psychiatry Neurosci
Assunto da revista:
NEUROLOGIA
/
PSIQUIATRIA
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos