Acute effects of using an electronic nicotine-delivery device (electronic cigarette) on myocardial function: comparison with the effects of regular cigarettes.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
; 14: 78, 2014 Jun 23.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24958250
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Electronic cigarettes have been developed and marketed in recent years as smoking substitutes. However, no studies have evaluated their effects on the cardiovascular system. The purpose of this study was to examine the immediate effects of electronic cigarette use on left ventricular (LV) function, compared to the well-documented acute adverse effects of smoking.METHODS:
Echocardiographic examinations were performed in 36 healthy heavy smokers (SM, age 36 ± 5 years) before and after smoking 1 cigarette and in 40 electronic cigarette users (ECIG, age 35 ± 5 years) before and after using the device with "medium-strength" nicotine concentration (11 mg/ml) for 7 minutes. Mitral flow diastolic velocities (E, A), their ratio (E/A), deceleration time (DT), isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) and corrected-to-heart rate IVRT (IVRTc) were measured. Mitral annulus systolic (Sm), and diastolic (Em, Am) velocities were estimated. Myocardial performance index was calculated from Doppler flow (MPI) and tissue Doppler (MPIt). Longitudinal deformation measurements of global strain (GS), systolic (SRs) and diastolic (SRe, SRa) strain rate were also performed.RESULTS:
Baseline measurements were similar in both groups. In SM, IVRT and IVRTc were prolonged, Em and SRe were decreased, and both MPI and MPIt were elevated after smoking. In ECIG, no differences were observed after device use. Comparing after-use measurements, ECIG had higher Em (P = 0.032) and SRe (P = 0.022), and lower IVRTc (P = 0.011), MPI (P = 0.001) and MPIt (P = 0.019). The observed differences were significant even after adjusting for changes in heart rate and blood pressure.CONCLUSIONS:
Although acute smoking causes a delay in myocardial relaxation, electronic cigarette use has no immediate effects. Electronic cigarettes' role in tobacco harm reduction should be studied intensively in order to determine whether switching to electronic cigarette use may have long-term beneficial effects on smokers' health. TRIAL REGISTRATION Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN16974547.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Tabagismo
/
Função Ventricular Esquerda
/
Abandono do Hábito de Fumar
/
Agonistas Nicotínicos
/
Sistemas Eletrônicos de Liberação de Nicotina
/
Prevenção do Hábito de Fumar
/
Nicotina
Tipo de estudo:
Clinical_trials
/
Diagnostic_studies
/
Etiology_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
BMC Cardiovasc Disord
Assunto da revista:
ANGIOLOGIA
/
CARDIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2014
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Grécia