Studies of the Mechanism and Origins of Enantioselectivity for the Chiral Phosphoric Acid-Catalyzed Stereoselective Spiroketalization Reactions.
J Am Chem Soc
; 138(1): 444-56, 2016 Jan 13.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26641317
ABSTRACT
Mechanistic and computational studies were conducted to elucidate the mechanism and the origins of enantiocontrol for asymmetric chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed spiroketalization reactions. These studies were designed to differentiate between the S(N)1-like, S(N)2-like, and covalent phosphate intermediate-based mechanisms. The chiral phosphoric acid-catalyzed spiroketalization of deuterium-labeled cyclic enol ethers revealed a highly diastereoselective syn-selective protonation/nucleophile addition, thus ruling out long-lived oxocarbenium intermediates. Hammett analysis of the reaction kinetics revealed positive charge accumulation in the transition state (ρ = -2.9). A new computational reaction exploration method along with dynamics simulations supported an asynchronous concerted mechanism with a relatively short-lived polar transition state (average lifetime = 519 ± 240 fs), which is consistent with the observed inverse secondary kinetic isotope effect of 0.85. On the basis of these studies, a transition state model explaining the observed stereochemical outcome has been proposed. This model predicts the enantioselective formation of the observed enantiomer of the product with 92% ee, which matches the experimentally observed value.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Am Chem Soc
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos