Astrocytes and Glutamine Synthetase in Epileptogenesis.
J Neurosci Res
; 97(11): 1345-1362, 2019 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30022509
ABSTRACT
The cellular, molecular, and metabolic mechanisms that underlie the development of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy are incompletely understood. Here we review the role of astrocytes in epilepsy development (a.k.a. epileptogenesis), particularly astrocyte pathologies related to aquaporin 4, the inwardly rectifying potassium channel Kir4.1, monocarboxylate transporters MCT1 and MCT2, excitatory amino acid transporters EAAT1 and EAAT2, and glutamine synthetase. We propose that inhibition, dysfunction or loss of astrocytic glutamine synthetase is an important causative factor for some epilepsies, particularly mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and glioblastoma-associated epilepsy. We postulate that the regulatory mechanisms of glutamine synthetase as well as the downstream effects of glutamine synthetase dysfunction, represent attractive, new targets for antiepileptogenic interventions. Currently, no antiepileptogenic therapies are available for human use. The discovery of such interventions is important as it will fundamentally change the way we approach epilepsy by preventing the disease from ever becoming manifest after an epileptogenic insult to the brain.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Encéfalo
/
Astrócitos
/
Epilepsia do Lobo Temporal
/
Glutamato-Amônia Ligase
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Neurosci Res
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article