Risk Factors for Sporadic Cryptosporidiosis in the Netherlands: Analysis of a 3-Year Population Based Case-Control Study Coupled With Genotyping, 2013-2016.
J Infect Dis
; 219(7): 1121-1129, 2019 03 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30395258
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
In 2012, cryptosporidiosis cases increased in the Netherlands, but no single source was identified. In April 2013, we began a 3-year population-based case-control study coupled with genotyping to identify risk factors for sporadic cryptosporidiosis.METHODS:
Cryptosporidium cases were laboratory confirmed (by microscopy or polymerase chain reaction), and the species (ie, C. hominis or C. parvum) was determined. We analyzed data by study year, combined and by species. We performed single-variable analysis, and variables with a P value of ≤ .10 were included in a multivariable logistic regression model adjusting for age, sex, and season.RESULTS:
The study included 609 cases and 1548 frequency-matched controls. C. parvum was the predominant species in the first 2 study years, shifting to C. hominis in the third year. Household person-to-person transmission and eating barbequed food were strongly associated with being a case. Eating tomatoes was negatively associated. When the analysis was stratified by study year, person-to-person transmission was an independent risk factor. Analysis by species identified different risk factors for cases infected with C. parvum and C. hominis.CONCLUSION:
This was the first case-control study examining risk factors for sporadic cryptosporidiosis in the Netherlands. Providing information about Cryptosporidium exposure during outdoor activities and improvements in hygiene within households could prevent future sporadic infections.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cryptosporidium parvum
/
Criptosporidiose
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Aged
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Aged80
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Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
/
Male
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Infect Dis
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Holanda