Effects of Cigarette Smoking and Clozapine Treatment on 20-Year All-Cause & Cardiovascular Mortality in Schizophrenia.
Psychiatr Q
; 90(2): 351-359, 2019 06.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30632082
ABSTRACT
To estimate 20-year mortality risk in people with schizophrenia treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) and examine the effects of cigarette smoking on mortality. Of the 1199 individuals with schizophrenia in the study, estimated 20-year all-cause mortality risk by Kaplan Meier Curve was 30% and leading causes of death included 27% cardiovascular disease, 13% cancer, 12% non-HIV infection, 5% respiratory causes, 20% other causes and 18% had unknown cause of death. For all-cause mortality, we found that white race and male sex were significant risk factors (HR = 1.5, p = 0.002 and HR = 1.33, p = 0.033, respectively). For cardiovascular mortality risk, we showed that cigarette smokers and white race were at higher risk (HR = 1.86, p = 0.017 and HR = 1.71, p = 0.045, respectively). Cardiovascular mortality risk at 20-years is 11%. Kaplan-Meier Survival Curve showed a statistical difference for smokers and non-smokers in cardiovascular mortality over the 20-year follow-up (Log rank chi-square = 5.35, df = 1, p = 0.02). 20-year all-cause mortality risk for individuals with schizophrenia was found to be 30% with cardiovascular disease as a leading cause. Cigarette smokers and white race were associated with an increased risk of death. Regarding cardiovascular mortality specifically, cigarette smoking increased risk by 86% over a 20-year period. Clozapine was neither a risk factor for all-neither cause nor cardiovascular mortality. This data suggests that long-term cardiovascular mortality continues to be increased in schizophrenia for those who are or have been cigarette smokers.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Esquizofrenia
/
Antipsicóticos
/
Doenças Cardiovasculares
/
Clozapina
/
Fumar Cigarros
Tipo de estudo:
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
/
Aged
/
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Psychiatr Q
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos