Organization of Chromatin by Intrinsic and Regulated Phase Separation.
Cell
; 179(2): 470-484.e21, 2019 10 03.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31543265
ABSTRACT
Eukaryotic chromatin is highly condensed but dynamically accessible to regulation and organized into subdomains. We demonstrate that reconstituted chromatin undergoes histone tail-driven liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in physiologic salt and when microinjected into cell nuclei, producing dense and dynamic droplets. Linker histone H1 and internucleosome linker lengths shared across eukaryotes promote phase separation of chromatin, tune droplet properties, and coordinate to form condensates of consistent density in manners that parallel chromatin behavior in cells. Histone acetylation by p300 antagonizes chromatin phase separation, dissolving droplets in vitro and decreasing droplet formation in nuclei. In the presence of multi-bromodomain proteins, such as BRD4, highly acetylated chromatin forms a new phase-separated state with droplets of distinct physical properties, which can be immiscible with unmodified chromatin droplets, mimicking nuclear chromatin subdomains. Our data suggest a framework, based on intrinsic phase separation of the chromatin polymer, for understanding the organization and regulation of eukaryotic genomes.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Fatores de Transcrição
/
Cromatina
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Histonas
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Núcleo Celular
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Proteínas de Ciclo Celular
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Proteína p300 Associada a E1A
Limite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cell
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos