Antibiotic-induced microbiome perturbations are associated with significant alterations to colonic mucosal immunity in rhesus macaques.
Mucosal Immunol
; 13(3): 471-480, 2020 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31797911
ABSTRACT
The diverse bacterial communities that colonize the gastrointestinal tract play an essential role in maintaining immune homeostasis through the production of critical metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and this can be disrupted by antibiotic use. However, few studies have addressed the effects of specific antibiotics longitudinally on the microbiome and immunity. We evaluated the effects of four specific antibiotics enrofloxacin, cephalexin, paromomycin, and clindamycin, in healthy female rhesus macaques. All antibiotics disrupted the microbiome, including reduced abundances of fermentative bacteria and increased abundances of potentially pathogenic bacteria, including Enterobacteriaceae in the stool, and decreased Helicobacteraceae in the colon. This was associated with decreased SCFAs, indicating altered bacterial metabolism. Importantly, antibiotic use also substantially altered local immune responses, including increased neutrophils and Th17 cells in the colon. Furthermore, we observed increased soluble CD14 in plasma, indicating microbial translocation. These data provide a longitudinal evaluation of antibiotic-induced changes to the composition and function of colonic bacterial communities associated with specific alterations in mucosal and systemic immunity.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Colo
/
Imunidade nas Mucosas
/
Microbioma Gastrointestinal
/
Mucosa Intestinal
/
Antibacterianos
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mucosal Immunol
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos