The landscape of gene mutations in cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
J Hepatol
; 72(5): 990-1002, 2020 05.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32044402
ABSTRACT
Chronic liver disease and primary liver cancer are a massive global problem, with a future increase in incidences predicted. The most prevalent form of primary liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, occurs after years of chronic liver disease. Mutations in the genome are a causative and defining feature of all cancers. Chronic liver disease, mostly at the cirrhotic stage, causes the accumulation of progressive mutations which can drive cancer development. Within the liver, a Darwinian process selects out dominant clones with selected driver mutations but also leaves a trail of passenger mutations which can be used to track the evolution of a tumour. Understanding what causes specific mutations and how they combine with one another to form cancer is a question at the heart of understanding, preventing and tackling liver cancer. Herein, we review the landscape of gene mutations in cirrhosis, especially those paving the way toward hepatocellular carcinoma development, that have been characterised by recent studies capitalising on technological advances in genomic sequencing. With these insights, we are beginning to understand how cancers form in the liver, particularly on the background of chronic liver disease. This knowledge may soon lead to breakthroughs in the way we detect, diagnose and treat this devastating disease.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Mutação em Linhagem Germinativa
/
Carcinoma Hepatocelular
/
Carcinogênese
/
Cirrose Hepática
/
Neoplasias Hepáticas
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Hepatol
Assunto da revista:
GASTROENTEROLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2020
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido