Genetic, lifestyle, and health-related characteristics of adults without celiac disease who follow a gluten-free diet: a population-based study of 124,447 participants.
Am J Clin Nutr
; 113(3): 622-629, 2021 03 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33184625
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
The number of gluten-free diet followers without celiac disease (CD) is increasing. However, little is known about the characteristics of these individuals.OBJECTIVES:
We address this issue by investigating a wide range of genetic and phenotypic characteristics in association with following a gluten-free diet.METHODS:
The cross-sectional association between lifestyle and health-related characteristics and following a gluten-free diet was investigated in 124,447 women and men aged 40-69 y from the population-based UK Biobank study. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of following a gluten-free diet was performed.RESULTS:
A total of 1776 (1.4%) participants reported following a gluten-free diet. Gluten-free diet followers were more likely to be women, nonwhite, highly educated, living in more socioeconomically deprived areas, former smokers, have lost weight in the past year, have poorer self-reported health, and have made dietary changes as a result of illness. Conversely, these individuals were less likely to consume alcohol daily, be overweight or obese, have hypertension, or use cholesterol-lowering medication. Participants with hospital inpatient diagnosed blood and immune mechanism disorders (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.18, 2.21) and non-CD digestive system diseases (OR 1.58; 95% CI 1.42, 1.77) were more likely to follow a gluten-free diet. The GWAS demonstrated that no genetic variants were associated with being a gluten-free diet follower.CONCLUSIONS:
Gluten-free diet followers have a better cardiovascular risk profile than non-gluten-free diet followers but poorer self-reported health and a higher prevalence of blood and immune disorders and digestive conditions. Reasons for following a gluten-free diet warrant further investigation.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla
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Dieta Livre de Glúten
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Estilo de Vida
Tipo de estudo:
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
País/Região como assunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Clin Nutr
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Reino Unido