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Xenopus as a platform for discovery of genes relevant to human disease.
Kostiuk, Valentyna; Khokha, Mustafa K.
Afiliação
  • Kostiuk V; Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.
  • Khokha MK; Pediatric Genomics Discovery Program, Department of Pediatrics and Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States. Electronic address: mustafa.khokha@yale.edu.
Curr Top Dev Biol ; 145: 277-312, 2021.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34074532
ABSTRACT
Congenital birth defects result from an abnormal development of an embryo and have detrimental effects on children's health. Specifically, congenital heart malformations are a leading cause of death among pediatric patients and often require surgical interventions within the first year of life. Increased efforts to navigate the human genome provide an opportunity to discover multiple candidate genes in patients suffering from birth defects. These efforts, however, fail to provide an explanation regarding the mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and emphasize the need for an efficient platform to screen candidate genes. Xenopus is a rapid, cost effective, high-throughput vertebrate organism to model the mechanisms behind human disease. This review provides numerous examples describing the successful use of Xenopus to investigate the contribution of patient mutations to complex phenotypes including congenital heart disease and heterotaxy. Moreover, we describe a variety of unique methods that allow us to rapidly recapitulate patients' phenotypes in frogs gene knockout and knockdown strategies, the use of fate maps for targeted manipulations, and novel imaging modalities. The combination of patient genomics data and the functional studies in Xenopus will provide necessary answers to the patients suffering from birth defects. Furthermore, it will allow for the development of better diagnostic methods to ensure early detection and intervention. Finally, with better understanding of disease pathogenesis, new treatment methods can be tailored specifically to address patient's phenotype and genotype.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Fenótipo / Anormalidades Congênitas / Xenopus laevis / Genes / Mutação Tipo de estudo: Screening_studies Limite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Curr Top Dev Biol Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Fenótipo / Anormalidades Congênitas / Xenopus laevis / Genes / Mutação Tipo de estudo: Screening_studies Limite: Animals / Humans Idioma: En Revista: Curr Top Dev Biol Ano de publicação: 2021 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos