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Brain and Behavioral Evidence for Reweighting of Vestibular Inputs with Long-Duration Spaceflight.
Hupfeld, K E; McGregor, H R; Koppelmans, V; Beltran, N E; Kofman, I S; De Dios, Y E; Riascos, R F; Reuter-Lorenz, P A; Wood, S J; Bloomberg, J J; Mulavara, A P; Seidler, R D.
Afiliação
  • Hupfeld KE; Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  • McGregor HR; Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
  • Koppelmans V; Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
  • Beltran NE; KBR, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Kofman IS; KBR, Houston, TX, USA.
  • De Dios YE; KBR, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Riascos RF; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Reuter-Lorenz PA; Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
  • Wood SJ; NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Bloomberg JJ; NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Mulavara AP; NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA.
  • Seidler RD; Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Cereb Cortex ; 32(4): 755-769, 2022 02 08.
Article em En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34416764
ABSTRACT
Microgravity alters vestibular signaling. In-flight adaptation to altered vestibular afferents is reflected in post-spaceflight aftereffects, evidenced by declines in vestibularly mediated behaviors (e.g., walking/standing balance), until readaptation to Earth's 1G environment occurs. Here we examine how spaceflight affects neural processing of applied vestibular stimulation. We used fMRI to measure brain activity in response to vestibular stimulation in 15 astronauts pre- and post-spaceflight. We also measured vestibularly-mediated behaviors, including balance, mobility, and rod-and-frame test performance. Data were collected twice preflight and four times postflight. As expected, vestibular stimulation at the preflight sessions elicited activation of the parietal opercular area ("vestibular cortex") and deactivation of somatosensory and visual cortices. Pre- to postflight, we found widespread reductions in this somatosensory and visual cortical deactivation, supporting sensory compensation and reweighting with spaceflight. These pre- to postflight changes in brain activity correlated with changes in eyes closed standing balance, and greater pre- to postflight reductions in deactivation of the visual cortices associated with less postflight balance decline. The observed brain changes recovered to baseline values by 3 months postflight. Together, these findings provide evidence for sensory reweighting and adaptive cortical neuroplasticity with spaceflight. These results have implications for better understanding compensation and adaptation to vestibular functional disruption.
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Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Voo Espacial / Vestíbulo do Labirinto Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Cereb Cortex Assunto da revista: CEREBRO Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos

Texto completo: 1 Coleções: 01-internacional Base de dados: MEDLINE Assunto principal: Voo Espacial / Vestíbulo do Labirinto Limite: Humans Idioma: En Revista: Cereb Cortex Assunto da revista: CEREBRO Ano de publicação: 2022 Tipo de documento: Article País de afiliação: Estados Unidos