Quantitative myelin imaging with MRI and PET: an overview of techniques and their validation status.
Brain
; 146(4): 1243-1266, 2023 04 19.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36408715
ABSTRACT
Myelin is the protective sheath wrapped around axons, consisting of a phospholipid bilayer with water between the wraps. The measurement of damage to the myelin sheaths, the evaluation of the efficacy of therapies aiming to promote remyelination and monitoring the degree of brain maturation in children all require non-invasive quantitative myelin imaging methods. To date, various myelin imaging techniques have been developed. Five different MRI approaches can be distinguished based on their biophysical principles (i) imaging of the water between the lipid bilayers directly (e.g. myelin water imaging); (ii) imaging the non-aqueous protons of the phospholipid bilayer directly with ultra-short echo-time techniques; (iii) indirect imaging of the macromolecular content (e.g. magnetization transfer; inhomogeneous magnetization transfer); (iv) mapping of the effects of the myelin sheath's magnetic susceptibility on the MRI signal (e.g. quantitative susceptibility mapping); and (v) mapping of the effects of the myelin sheath on water diffusion. Myelin imaging with PET uses radioactive molecules with high affinity to specific myelin components, in particular myelin basic protein. This review aims to give an overview of the various myelin imaging techniques, their biophysical principles, image acquisition, data analysis and their validation status.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Desmielinizantes
/
Bainha de Mielina
Limite:
Child
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Brain
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Holanda