Sex-specific differences in the association between metabolically healthy overweight/obesity and the risk of hypertension in Chinese ethnic minorities.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To estimate and compare sex-specific differences between metabolically healthy overweight/obesity (MHOO) and the risk of hypertension among Dong, Bouyei, and Miao adults in southwest China. METHODS: MHOO was diagnosed when the patient had a body mass index ≥24 kg/m2 and the presence of ≤1 component of metabolic syndrome. The main outcome was the occurrence of hypertension after the diagnosis or measurement by a physician at the baseline survey. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) between MHOO and the risk of hypertension. RESULTS: We enrolled 16,433 Chinese Dong, Bouyei, and Miao adults. Using the metabolically healthy normal weight (MHNW) as a reference and after adjusting for confounders, the association between MHOO and the risk of hypertension was stronger in Dong (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.07-2.00) and Miao (OR = 2.05, 95% CI 1.48-2.85) men and did not exist in Bouyei men (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 0.81-1.60). After adjusting for the age, the association between MHOO and the risk of hypertension was stronger in men than in women among Dong adults aged 30-59 years (OR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.12-2.40) and did not differ between men and women among Dong adults aged 60-79 years or among Miao or Bouyei adults. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrated sex-specific differences in the association between MHOO and the risk of hypertension and that sex-specific differences further differed among Dong, Bouyei, and Miao adults.