Evaluation of the effect of outer primer structure, and inner primer linker sequences, in the performance of Loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

ABSTRACT

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification, or LAMP, is nowadays the most popular isothermal nucleic acid amplification technique. This technique implements a minimum of four primers, named outer (F3/B3) and inner primers (FIP/BIP). The inner primers hybridize in two distinct regions, and some studies have reported that the usage of a linker, typically composed of four thymines, in the middle of these primers can improve assay performance. In addition to this, dual-priming oligonucleotides, DPO, have been reported to provide highly specific reducing non-specific amplifications. Considering the large number of primers implemented in LAMP assays, in the current study the suitability of DPO primers replacing regular outer primers; and their combination with different linker sequences in the inner primers were explored. The results demonstrated that replacing standard F3/B3 by DPO primers does not significantly affect that overall performance of the assay, and provides additional stability to temperature changes. This observations were consistent regardless the type of linker implemented in the inner primers, out of which in the current study a linker composed of thymines significantly outperformed the other options tested, most likely due to a combination of sequence and physical structure.