Analysis of carotid plaque risk factors in a population at high risk of stroke in Yubei District, Chongqing, China.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To establish a scientific foundation for focused stroke prevention and treatment efforts by comprehending the risk variables connected to carotid plaque formation in adults over 40 who are at high risk of stroke in Yubei District, Chongqing, China. METHODS: By comparing the differences in carotid plaque formation between people of different ages, smoking, blood pressure levels, low-density lipoprotein levels, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, questionnaires and physical exams were performed on a random sample of permanent residents aged 40 years in three communities in Yubei District, Chongqing, China. The goal was to investigate the risk factors associated with carotid plaque formation in the population. RESULTS: The incidence of carotid plaque gradually increased in the study population as age, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels increased. The difference in carotid plaque formation between people of different ages, smoking, blood pressure levels, low-density lipoprotein levels, and glycosylated hemoglobin levels was statistically significant (p<0.05). The findings of the multifactorial logistic regression analysis revealed that there was a tendency for the risk of developing carotid plaque to rise with age; the risk of developing carotid plaque in hypertensive patients was (OR=1.41,95% CI 1.03-1.93); the population of smokers was (OR=2.01,95%CI1.33-3.05); the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol borderline increased group was (OR=1.94,95%CI1.03-3.66); the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol elevated group was (OR=2.71,95%CI 1.26-5.84); glycosylated hemoglobin elevated group was (OR=1.40,95%CI 1.01-1.94) (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: Age, smoking, blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein, and glycosylated hemoglobin are all associated with carotid plaque formation in those over 40 who are at high risk of stroke. As a result, health education for residents needs to be strengthened to raise knowledge of carotid plaque prevention.