Prevalence and Associated Factors of Hypertension Among Adolescents in a Rural Community of North India.
Cureus
; 15(10): e47934, 2023 Oct.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38034166
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND AIM:
Hypertension exerts a substantial burden on the healthcare system in India. Recent literature suggests hypertension to be a rising health problem not only in adults but also in adolescents. The early diagnosis of hypertension in adolescents and timely interventions are key in reducing the burden of hypertension-related morbidity and mortality in later life. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with hypertension among adolescents residing in a rural community in north India. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
This was a community-based cross-sectional study done in Ballabgarh, Haryana. A computer-generated random sample of 600 adolescents was drawn through a sampling frame of adolescents (10-19 years) listed in the Health Management Information System. House visits were made and a semi-structured interview schedule was used. Blood pressure was measured using a digital blood pressure (BP) apparatus (OMRON digital BP monitor, three readings) with age-appropriate cuffs, and hypertension was defined using the American Academy of Pediatrics 2017/Indian Academy of Pediatrics 2022 criteria. Age-adjusted BMI was calculated using AnthroPlus software (Geneva, Switzerland WHO). The prevalence of hypertension was reported with a 95% confidence interval. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was done to determine the association of hypertension with the associated factors.RESULTS:
In this study, 550 adolescents participated, of which 284 (51.6%) were males. The overall prevalence of hypertension was 18.9% (95% CI 15.8-22.4%), stage 1 hypertension 17.3% (95% CI 14.3-20.7%), and stage 2 hypertension 1.6% (95% CI 0.8-3.1%). The participants aged 15-19 years (adjusted OR 2.40, 95% CI 1.51-3.80) compared to adolescents aged 10-14 years, and those who were overweight/obese (adjusted OR 3.93, 95% CI 2.14-7.20) compared to those with normal weight had significantly greater odds; whereas the female sex had lesser odds (adjusted OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.32-0.81) of having hypertension compared to male adolescents.CONCLUSION:
Approximately one-fifth of the participants in this study had hypertension, highlighting the need for interventions including lifestyle modification and active case finding targeting adolescents.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Cureus
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article