Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Neurotoxicity in a Case of Metastatic Melanoma.

ABSTRACT

Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are increasingly being used in the treatment of malignant melanoma. While showing promise in metastatic melanoma treatment, CPIs are associated with immune-related adverse events in various organ systems. Among these events, checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity stands out as a particularly rare yet diagnostically challenging and potentially life-threatening occurrence. We report a unique case of checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity in a patient with metastatic melanoma directly after beginning treatment with checkpoint inhibitor encorafenib. The patient presented with an unclear clinical course, with features of Guillain-Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, and brainstem encephalitis.  We followed a recently established management algorithm for checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity with positive outcomes. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity as a potential adverse effect of CPIs when treating metastatic melanoma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(12)e25-e27.     doi10.36849/JDD.7991e.