The protective association of dairy intake and the adverse impact of iron on gestational diabetes risk.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res
; 94(5-6): 354-364, 2024 Jun.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38229511
ABSTRACT
Background:
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a pregnancy-related glucose intolerance with significant implications for maternal and fetal health. Calcium is essential for insulin secretion and metabolism, while iron intake may also impact GDM. This case-control study was conducted to investigate the relationship between calcium and iron intake with the risk of GDM.Methods:
GDM was defined as Fasting Blood Sugar>92mg/dL or 75g Oral-Glucose-Tolerance-Test 120-minutes>153mg/dL. A 168-Item food-frequency-questionnaire was used to collect dietary calcium and iron intake from 24-40 weeks of gestation. The impact of total iron, red, processed/unprocessed meat consumption, calcium, and dairy intake on GDM were investigated.Results:
A total of 229 GDM and 205 non-GDM women (18-45 years) participated. GDM group had higher pre-pregnancy weight, weight gain, and pre-pregnancy BMI. Across all models, GDM risk significantly increased in the third and fourth quartiles of iron intake. The fourth quartile had an Odds Ratio (OR) of 2.68 (CI 95%, 4.89-1.56; P<0.001) compared to the reference. Heme-iron consumption in the fourth quartiles increased GDM risk. In the second calcium intake model, ORs for the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 0.51 (CI 95%, 0.91-0.25), 0.43 (CI 95%, 0.77-0.24), and 0.35 (CI 95%, 0.63-0.19), respectively (P<0.001 all), reducing GDM risk by 50-65% compared to the first quartile. Dairy consumption in all quartiles of the first and second models was associated with lower GDM risk.Conclusions:
Consumption of heme-iron through red and processed meat associated with an increased chance of developing GDM. Dairy intake reduces the chances of developing GDM in pregnant women.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cálcio da Dieta
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Diabetes Gestacional
/
Laticínios
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adolescent
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Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Middle aged
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Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Vitam Nutr Res
/
Int. j. vitam. nutr. res
/
International journal for vitamin and nutrition research
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Irã