Does cognitive learning potential measured with the dynamic Wisconsin Card Sorting Test predict rehabilitation outcome in elderly patients post-stroke?

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether cognitive learning potential measured with the dynamic Wisconsin Card Sorting Test has added value in predicting rehabilitation outcome in elderly patients post-stroke after controlling for age, ADL independence at admission, global cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms. METHODS: Participants were patients with stroke admitted to a geriatric rehabilitation unit. ADL independence (Barthel Index) at discharge was used as measure for rehabilitation outcome. Predictor variables included age, ADL independence at admission, global cognitive functioning (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale) and cognitive learning potential measured with the dWCST. RESULTS: Thirty participants were included. Bivariate analyses showed that rehabilitation outcome was significantly correlated with ADL independence at admission (r = 0.443, p = 0.014) and global cognitive functioning (r = 0.491, p = 0.006). Regression analyses showed that the dWCST was not an independent predictor of rehabilitation outcome. ADL independence at admission was the only significant predictor of rehabilitation outcome (beta = 0.480, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive learning potential, measured with the dWCST has no added value in predicting rehabilitation outcome in elderly patients post-stroke. ADL independence at admission was the only significant predictor of rehabilitation outcome. REGISTRATION NUMBER NETHERLANDS TRIAL REGISTER Trial NL7947.