Exploring the mechanisms of glycolytic genes involvement in pulmonary arterial hypertension through integrative bioinformatics analysis.

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to identify the mechanisms underlying the involvement of glycolytic genes in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This study involved downloading 3 datasets from the GEO database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The datasets were processed to obtain expression matrices for analysis. Genes involved in glycolysis-related pathways were obtained, and genes related to glycolysis were selected based on significant differences in expression. Gene Ontology functional annotation analysis, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, and GSEA enrichment analysis were performed on the DEGs. Combining LASSO regression with SVM-RFE machine learning technology, a PAH risk prediction model based on glycolysis related gene expression was constructed, and CIBERSORTx technology was used to analyse the immune cell composition of PAH patients. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs work synergistically across multiple biological pathways. A total of 6 key glycolysis-related genes were selected using LASSO regression and SVM. A bar plot was constructed to evaluate the weights of the key genes and predict the risk of PAH. The clinical application value and predictive accuracy of the model were assessed. Immunological feature analysis revealed significant correlations between key glycolysis-related genes and the abundances of different immune cell types. The glycolysis genes (ACSS2, ALAS2, ALDH3A1, ADOC3, NT5E, and TALDO1) identified in this study play important roles in the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension, providing new evidence for the involvement of glycolysis in PAH.