Chapitre 7. Applications et éclairage éthique des Intelligences Artificielles Génératives linguistiques en Médecine.

ABSTRACT

With the emergence of innovations and technological advancements – exemplified by telemedicine and more recently by the extremely rapid development of Generative Artificial Intelligence systems (Gen AI) like Large Language Models (LLM) such as ChatGPT – we are witnessing a progressive transformation of ancient Hippocratic medicine and the physician-patient relationship. These healthcare Gen AI, which carry inherently stakes, risks, opportunities, hopes, and concerns, justify an increased and reinforced ethical vigilance. These digital applications, multiplying, diversifying, and improving their performance day by day, tend to reshape the role and practices of healthcare professionals in their analytical and decision-making medical process.The digitalization of medicine will inevitably encourage physicians to undergo specific training and acquire new competences in new technologies so that they can learn to navigate better in this new ecosystem of knowledge and practices while preserving their medical expertise, skills, and critical thinking. Therefore, faced with the inevitable arrival of Gen AI in medicine, this article aims to question how we can approach and use this technological tool within an evolving ethical framework to maintain a quality healthcare service for users.