Immobilized VO-Schiff Base Complex on Modified Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as an Efficient and Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst in Deep Desulfurization of Model Oil.

New heterogeneous catalyst was synthesized via covalent anchoring of oxovanadium(IV) complex of 5,5?-dibromobis(salicyledene)diethylenetriamine (VO[5-Br(Saldien)]) on the surface of chloro-modified graphene oxide (GO@CTS). The structure of the catalyst was investigated using different characterization techniques such as XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, TG, DTA and ICP-AES analyses. The synthesized heterogeneous oxovanadium(IV) was an efficient catalyst for high yield and selective oxidation desulfurization (ODS) of dibenzothiophene (DBT) as a model oil using H2O2 as oxidant and formic acid as a promoter. The effects of the catalyst mass, reaction temperature and time, formic acid/H2O2 ratio and molar ratio of H2O2 to the total amount of sulfur (O/S) on oxidation desulfurization activity were investigated. Moreover, the prepared catalyst can be easily separated from the reaction mixture and reused six times without a significant loss of catalytic activity and selectivity.

Psychosocial Status of Liver Transplant Candidates in Iran and Its Correlation with Health-Related Quality of Life and Depression and Anxiety.

Objectives. The study was aimed at providing a psychosocial profile for Iranian liver transplant candidates referred to an established liver transplantation program. Material and Methods. Patients assessed for liver transplant candidacy in Imam Khomeini Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between March 2013 and September 2014 were included. The following battery of tests were administered: Psychosocial Assessment of Candidates for Transplant (PACT), the Short-Form health survey (SF-36), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results. Psychosocial assessment in 205 liver transplant candidates revealed significant impairments in several SF-36 domains; social functioning was the least and physical functioning was the most impaired domains. The prevalence of cases with probable anxiety and depressive disorders, according to HADS, was 13.8% and 5.6%, respectively. According to PACT, 24.3% of the assessed individuals were considered good or excellent candidates. In 11.2%, transplantation seemed poor candidate due to at least one major psychosocial or lifestyle risk factor. Poor candidate quality was associated with impaired health-related quality of life and higher scores on anxiety and depression scales (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Transplant programs could implement specific intervention programs based on normative databases to address the psychosocial issues in patients in order to improve patient care, quality of life, and transplant outcomes.