RESUMEN
Carapanins A-C (1-3) were isolated from the fruit oil of Carapa guianensis. Compounds 1 and 2 are limonoids with unique structures. Namely, compound 1 is an andirobin-type limonoid with a C-15/C-30 γ-lactone instead of the δ-lactone of the D-ring, and compound 2 is a mexicanolide-type limonoid with a C-16/C-30 δ-lactone ring. The absolute structures of 1 and 2 were determined using X-ray crystallography, whereas the structure of 3 was established mainly via NMR and mass spectroscopy. The inhibitory effects of 1-3 on nitric oxide production were evaluated, and it was revealed that 2 and 3 were potent nitric oxide inhibitors.
Asunto(s)
LimoninasRESUMEN
Inter-laboratory validation studies were conducted in 6 laboratories to validate the biological method for determination of streptomycin in royal jelly. Streptomycin spiked at the level of 0.2 and 1.0 ppm was analyzed. Mean recoveries were 89 and 96%, reproducibility relative standard deviations (RSD(R)) were 15.0 and 14.0%, HORRAT(R) values were 0.7 and 0.9. Samples containing residues at the levels of 0.25 and 0.80 ppm were analyzed. Mean recoveries were 113 and 99%, RSD(R) were 15.0 and 10.4%, and HORRAT(R) values were 0.8 and 0.6. The determination limit was 0.1 ppm. These results show that this method has good performance.
Asunto(s)
Antibacterianos/análisis , Bioensayo/métodos , Residuos de Medicamentos/análisis , Ácidos Grasos/análisis , Análisis de los Alimentos/métodos , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Laboratorios , Estreptomicina/análisisRESUMEN
Wasabi has been used as an important spice in Japanese foods. The wasabi leaves were used as a cosmetic material, but its biological activities have not yet been examined. We investigated the effect of isosaponarin derived from wasabi leaf on collagen synthesis in human fibroblasts. The production of type I collagen in human fibroblasts was increased with treatment of wasabi leaf extract. Isosaponarin isolated from wasabi leaves belonged to the group of flavone glycoside, and was the key compound in collagen synthesis from the wasabi leaf ingredients. Isosaponarin increased the type I collagen production at the mRNA gene level. The treatment of isosaponarin did not influence the production of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) protein, but increased the production of TGF-beta type II receptor (TbetaR-II) protein and TbetaR-II mRNA. Prolyl 4-hydroxylase (P4H) protein and P4H mRNA were increased by treatment with isosaponarin. Heat shock protein 47 (HSP47) was not increased by treatment with isosaponarin. These results suggested that isosaponarin increased collagen synthesis in human fibroblasts, caused by up-regulated TbetaR-II and P4H production.