Metformin and adipose-derived stem cell combination therapy alleviates radiation-induced skin fibrosis in mice.

BACKGROUND: Radiation therapy often leads to late radiation-induced skin fibrosis (RISF), causing movement impairment and discomfort. We conducted a comprehensive study to assess the effectiveness of metformin and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), whether autologous or allogeneic, individually or in combination therapy, in mitigating RISF. METHODS: Using a female C57BL/6J mouse model subjected to hind limb irradiation as a representative RISF model, we evaluated metformin, ASCs, or their combination in two contexts: prophylactic (started on day 1 post-irradiation) and therapeutic (initiated on day 14 post-irradiation, coinciding with fibrosis symptoms). We measured limb movement, examined skin histology, and analyzed gene expression to assess treatment efficacy. RESULTS: Prophylactic metformin and ASCs, whether autologous or allogeneic, effectively prevented late fibrosis, with metformin showing promising results. However, combination therapy did not provide additional benefits when used prophylactically. Autologous ASCs, alone or with metformin, proved most effective against late-stage RISF. Prophylactic intervention outperformed late therapy for mitigating radiation skin damage. Co-culture studies revealed that ASCs and metformin downregulated inflammation and fibrotic gene expression in both mouse and human fibroblasts. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests metformin's potential as a prophylactic measure to prevent RISF, and the combination of ASCs and metformin holds promise for late-stage RISF treatment. These findings have clinical implications for improving the quality of life for those affected by radiation-induced skin fibrosis.

Application of Adipose-Tissue Derived Products for Burn Wound Healing.

Burn injuries are a significant global health concern, leading to high morbidity and mortality. Deep burn injuries often result in delayed healing and scar formation, necessitating effective treatment options. Regenerative medicine, particularly cell therapy using adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), has emerged as a promising approach to improving burn wound healing and reducing scarring. Both in vitro and preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of ASCs and the stromal vascular fraction (SVF) in addressing burn wounds. The application of ASCs for burn healing has been studied in various forms, including autologous or allogeneic cells delivered in suspension or within scaffolds in animal burn models. Additionally, ASC-derived non-cellular components, such as conditioned media or exosomes have shown promise. Injection of ASCs and SVF at burn sites have been demonstrated to enhance wound healing by reducing inflammation and promoting angiogenesis, epithelialization, and granulation tissue formation through their paracrine secretome. This review discusses the applications of adipose tissue derivatives in burn injury treatment, encompassing ASC transplantation, as well as the utilization of non-cellular components utilization for therapeutic benefits. The application of ASCs in burn healing in the future will require addressing donor variability, safety, and efficacy for successful clinical application.

Nicotinamide Riboside Improves Stemness of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells and Inhibits Terminal Adipocyte Differentiation.

Adipose tissue plays a crucial role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis by serving as a storage site for excess fat and protecting other organs from the detrimental effects of lipotoxicity. However, the aging process is accompanied by a redistribution of fat, characterized by a decrease in insulin-sensitive subcutaneous adipose depot and an increase in insulin-resistant visceral adipose depot. This age-related alteration in adipose tissue distribution has implications for metabolic health. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) play a vital role in the regeneration of adipose tissue. However, aging negatively impacts the stemness and regenerative potential of ASCs. The accumulation of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction-associated cellular damage contributes to the decline in stemness observed in aged ASCs. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a crucial metabolite that is involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis and stemness. The dysregulation of NAD+ levels with age has been associated with metabolic disorders and the loss of stemness. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of nicotinamide riboside (NR), a precursor of NAD+, on the stemness of human ASCs in cell culture. Our findings reveal that adipogenesis is accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial activity and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, treatment with NR leads to a reduction in mitochondrial activity and ROS production in ASCs. Furthermore, NR administration improves the stemness-related genes expression in ASCs and mitigates their propensity for adipocyte differentiation. These results suggest that NR treatment holds promise as a potential strategy to rejuvenate the stemness of aged ASCs. Further investigations, including in vivo evaluations using animal models and human studies, will be necessary to validate these findings and establish the clinical potential of this well-established drug for enhancing the stemness of aged stem cells.

Human adipose ECM alleviates radiation-induced skin fibrosis via endothelial cell-mediated M2 macrophage polarization.

Radiation therapy can lead to late radiation-induced skin fibrosis (RISF), causing movement restriction, pain, and organ dysfunction. This study evaluated adipose-derived extracellular matrix (Ad-ECM) as a mitigator of RISF. Female C57BL/6J mice that were irradiated developed fibrosis, which was mitigated by a single local Ad-ECM injection, improving limb movement and reducing epithelium thickness and collagen deposition. Ad-ECM treatment resulted in decreased expression of pro-inflammatory and fibrotic genes, and upregulation of anti-inflammatory cytokines, promoting M2 macrophage polarization. Co-culture of irradiated human fibroblasts with Ad-ECM down-modulated fibrotic gene expression and enhanced bone marrow cell migration. Ad-ECM treatment also increased interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-15 expression in endothelial cells, stimulating M2 macrophage polarization and alleviating RISF. Prophylactic use of Ad-ECM showed effectiveness in mitigation. This study suggests Ad-ECM's potential in treating chronic-stage fibrosis.

Efecto del tratamiento energético sobre la conductividad eléctrica del agua destilada / Bioenergetical treatment effect on electric conductivity of distilled water

Se estudió el efecto del tratamiento bioenergético de la imposición de las manos sobre la conductividad eléctrica y masa del agua destilada en condiciones de laboratorio en la Empresa Provincial de Recursos Hidráulicos en Bayamo. Se realizaron varios experimentos donde se consideraron diferentes fuentes de bioenergía, durante un período de dos meses, con dos frecuencias semanales, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones atmosféricas, así como el estado anímico de cada persona; y se midieron la conductividad eléctrica y la masa del agua destilada en cada fecha de muestreo. Además, se evaluó el patrón bioenergético por medio de una cámara Kirlian de cada fuente de bioenergía antes y después de alcanzar la concentración mental. Los resultados mostraron que el tratamiento bioenergético tuvo un efecto significativo (p<0.05) sobre la conductividad eléctrica del agua destilada, revelándose diferencias según la fuente de bioenergía y la fecha de muestreo. Además, los patrones de bioenergía observados en las fotos Kirlian, mostraron una distribución uniforme y mayor densidad de bioenergía después que la fuente se concentró mentalmente. Nuestros datos indican que el tratamiento bioenergético de la imposición de las manos podría emplearse con fines terapéuticos(AU)

This work is base on a research to know the effect of the bioenergetic treatment of the hands imposition over electric conductivity and the volume of distilled water according tho the lab conditions of the Province Enterprise of Hydraulic Resources in Bayamo.There were fulfilled several experiments in wich different sources of bioenergetics were considered during two months, kwice a week, taking into consideration the atmosphere conditions, as well as the mood of each person, and it was also measured the electric conductivity and volume of water each day of the sampling besides, it was evaluated the bioenergetic guideline of each source with a Kirlian camera before and after reaching a high mental concentration. The results slowed that the bioenergetic treatment had an outstanding effect (p<0.05) over the electric conductivity of distilled water revealing differences according to the bioenergetic source and the date of the sampling. On the other hand, the bioenergetic guidelines observed in the Kirlian pictures showed a uniformity distribution and highest density of bioenergetics after the concentration of the source. The data gathered indicate that the bioenergetic treatment of hands imposition could be applied for therapeutic purposes(AU)

Biomagnetismo y cicatrización animal / Biomagnetism and animal cicatrization

Correspondencia entre los objetivos planteados en el proyecto y los resultados alcanzados. El objetivo concreto del Proyecto se cumplió al evaluar experimentalmente, en ratas, el efecto del Biomagnetismo en la cicatrización a través de observaciones macro y microscópicas de heridas abiertas en la piel y tejido celular subcutáneo. Nivel de ejecución y análisis del presupuesto de gastos asignados. El proyecto requiere para su realización de 1001,00 pesos en MN, aportó conocimientos novedosos y libres de subjetivismo, acerca de los efectos del biomagnetismo al campo de la medicina natural y tradicional (utilizando como criterios principales la medición sistemática del tamaño de una herida provocada en animales de experimentación, su cierre y la presencia de fibroblastos de mayor a menor cantidad relacionados con fibras colágenas en sentido inverso en el estudio histológico de la cicatriz. Actualmente en nuestro medio no existe una adecuada información sobre el efecto del biomagnetismo en el proceso de cicatrización de heridas abiertas en la piel y tejido celular subcutáneo(AU)

Perfil de lípidos en recién nacidos sanos y su correlación con los niveles de lípidos maternos / Lipid profile in healthy newborns and their mothers

Objetivo. Determinar los niveles séricos de lípidos, colesterol, triglicéridos y lipoproteínas de un grupo de recién nacidos y sus madres, y conocer si existe correlación entre los valores de ambas poblaciones. Material y métodos. Se tomaron muestras de sangre de 200 recién nacidos sanos, así como de sus madres, las muestras fueron procesadas por el autoanalizador. Los datos se analizaron en el programa Epi Info 6. Se obtuvieron mediciones de tendencia central, y sus dispersiones análisis de varianza y coeficiente de correlación de pearson. Resultados. Los niveles promedio de lípidos totales en los recién nacidos fueron de 625.2 ñ 130 mg/dl; colesterol 158.8 ñ 44 mg/dl, triglicéridos 136.9 ñ 97 mg/dl, LDL 70.5 ñ 23.9 mg/dl, HDL 52.7 ñ 14 mg/dl, VLDL 26.5 ñ 15.5 mgdl. Conclusiones. Los niveles de colesterol en los recién nacidos fueron semejantes a los encontrados por Alpers y superiores a los reportados por el Comité Americano de Bioquímica Pediátrica en Estados Unidos de América (EUA). Se encontró discreta asociación entre los niveles maternos y de sus recién nacidos

Costos de infecciones intrahospitalarias de un grupo de pacientes en un hospital de tercer nivel de atención / Cost of intrahospital infections in a group of patients at a tertiary care hospital

Objetivos. Conocer los costos que generan las infecciones intrahospitalarias (IIH). Material y métodos. Se estudiaron 131 infecciones intrahospitalarias en 82 pacientes en todos los servicios del Hospital de Pediatría del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, IMSS, de junio a agosto de 1995. Se analizaron: días de sobrestancia, tipo de infección, episodios por paciente, medicamentos, exámenes de laboratorio y gabinete utilizados para el tratamiento de dichas infecciones. Se calcularon los costos de cada rubro y el porcentaje invertido en IIH del presupuesto total otorgado a la unidad. Resultados: 970 días de sobreestancia (7.4 días promedio), 974 días de antimicrobianos, (11.9 días/IIH). Se utilizaron 410 estudios de laboratorio y 191 estudios de gabinete (1.4/IIH). El costo total de estas 131 IIH fue de $ 3'516,421.00. Conclusiones. El costo de las IIH depende de días de sobreestancia, medicamentos, y exámenes de laboratorio y gabinete que requiere cada una para su control. Las áreas de terapia intensiva fueron las más costosas, el 43.2 por ciento de los niños presentó más de una IIH. Del presupuesto total de la unidad fue utilizado 12.1 por ciento para el tratamiento de las IIH. Este análisis refuerza la necesidad de aplicar medidas para disminuir las IIH y los gastos que éstas generan