RESUMEN
PURPOSE: To compose diagnostic standard operating procedures for both clinical and imaging assessment for vulvar and vaginal cancer, for vaginal sarcoma, and for ovarian cancer. METHODS: The literature was reviewed for diagnosing the above mentioned malignancies in the female pelvis. Special focus herein lies in tumor representation in MRI, followed by the evaluation of CT and PET/CT for this topic. CONCLUSION: MRI is a useful additional diagnostic complement but by no means replaces established methods of gynecologic diagnostics and ultrasound. In fact, MRI is only implemented in the guidelines for vulvar cancer. According to the current literature, CT is still the cross-sectional imaging modality of choice for evaluating ovarian cancer. PET/CT appears to have advantages for staging and follow-up in sarcomas and cancers of the ovaries.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/diagnóstico , Procesamiento de Imagen Asistido por Computador/normas , Imagenología Tridimensional/normas , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/normas , Imagen Multimodal/normas , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Femenino , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/patología , Neoplasias de los Genitales Femeninos/radioterapia , Adhesión a Directriz , Humanos , Metástasis Linfática/diagnóstico , Metástasis Linfática/patología , Metástasis Linfática/radioterapia , Invasividad Neoplásica , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/diagnóstico , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/patología , Recurrencia Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Neoplasias Ováricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Neoplasias Ováricas/radioterapia , Pronóstico , Planificación de la Radioterapia Asistida por Computador , Sarcoma/diagnóstico , Sarcoma/patología , Sarcoma/radioterapia , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Carga Tumoral , Ultrasonografía/normas , Neoplasias Vaginales/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Vaginales/patología , Neoplasias de la Vulva/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Vulva/patología , Neoplasias de la Vulva/radioterapiaRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of tissue perfusion on microwave ablation lesions in an experimental in vivo study in porcine kidneys. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twelve kidneys of six pigs were studied. In each animal, two microwave ablations were created in one kidney without limitation of tissue perfusion (group 1). In the other kidney, two microwave ablations were performed with interruption of blood flow (group 2). All microwave ablations were performed with identical system parameters (eg, temperature control mode, ablation time of 80 s, and temperature of 110°C). The animals were euthanized 3 hours later. The kidneys were harvested and cut into 2-3-mm transverse slices. Microwave ablation zone dimensions (eg, length, width, and volume) and shape (eg, sphericity ratio) and corresponding variability were compared between groups. RESULTS: Microwave ablation areas were significantly longer (41.6 mm ± 4.0 vs 34.2 mm ± 5.9; P < .01) and wider (16.6 mm ± 1.2 vs 12.2 mm ± 2.1; P < .001) in group 2 than in group 1. Similarly, microwave ablation volume was significantly greater in group 2 compared with group 1 (6.7 cm(3) ± 1.0 vs 3.3 cm(3) ± 1.2; P < .001). Ablation area shapes were similar between groups (sphericity ratio, 2.57 ± 0.42 vs 2.39 ± 0.34). Ablation area variabilities were also comparable between groups (volume variance of 1.32 vs 0.93; sphericity ratio variance of 0.18 vs 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: After interruption of blood flow, microwave ablation areas are significantly larger than those achieved without limitation of tissue perfusion. Microwave ablation area shape and variability were comparable between study groups.