Chromobacterium sp. septicemia in Sweden. A clinical case report.

BACKGROUND: Chromobacterium is a genus of fourteen species with validly published names, most often found in soil and waters in tropical and subtropical regions around the world. The most well-known species of the genus, C. violaceum, occasionally causes clinically relevant infections; cases of soft tissue infections with septicemia and fatal outcomes have been described. CASE PRESENTATION: Here, we present a clinical case report of a 79-year-old man from Sweden with a soft-tissue infection and septicemia. The pathogen was identified as a strain of Chromobacterium species, but not C. violaceum. The patient was treated with clindamycin and ciprofloxacin and recovered well. CONCLUSIONS: This case report demonstrates the potential of Chromobacterium species as infectious agents in immunocompetent patients. It also indicates the existence of a novel species.

[Peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis caused by Rhizobium species - a case report]. / Rhizobium species visade sig vara orsak till peritonealdialysperitonit.

Peritonitis is a serious complication associated with high morbidity and mortality in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD). We present a case of PD-associated peritonitis caused by the unusual pathogen Rhizobium. After therapy failure and bacterial growth despite treatment with vancomycin and tobramycin, the treatment was changed to meropenem intravenously and ciprofloxacin intraperitoneally according to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The patient subsequently recovered without having the PD-catheter removed. To conclude, patients with PD are one of many patient groups at a greater risk of infections with unusual microbial agents, and pathogens that normally do not cause disease should be considered as potential causes of pathology when antibiotic treatment failure occurs.