FNAC diagnosis of yolk sac tumor: a case report.

Yolk sac tumor is the second most common germ cell tumor of the ovary. A nine year old female child presenting with a lower abdominal mass diagnosed as a yolk sac tumor on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is described. Ultrasonographically (USG) guided FNAC of the lesion revealed tight clusters and papillary fronds of cells associated with homogeneous acellular eosinophilic bodies. A preoperative diagnosis of this tumor is helpful in planning further diagnostic and therapeutic steps.

An Unusual Case of HCV Negative Cryoglobulinemia Presenting as Symmetrical Peripheral Gangrene.

Cryoglobulins are monoclonal or polyclonal immunoglobulins that undergo reversible precipitation at low temperatures. Cryoglobulinemia is associated with HCV infection in more than 90% cases, the remaining 10% being called as Essential Cryoglobulinemia which is generally associated with a severe course and suboptimal response to conventional therapies. As the digital vessels are more prone to colder temperatures, hyperviscosity in those vessels can initiate local thrombosis and may manifest as ischemic ulceration and gangrene. We report here a very unusual case of HCV negative cryoglobulinemic vasculitis presenting as symmetrical peripheral gangrene of fingers and toes.

Histoplasmosis presenting as isolated cervical lymphadenopathy: A rare presentation.

Histoplasmosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by inhaling the spores of a fungus called Histoplasma capsulatum. Disseminated histoplasmosis is the most common form associated with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). Here, we report a case of histoplasmosis presenting as isolated cervical lymphadenopathy in a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient diagnosed by a less invasive method (fine-needle aspiration cytology) and confirmed by fungal culture of fine-needle aspiration material. Due to varied and nonspecific clinical manifestations of histoplasmosis, most of the infections are misdiagnosed or underreported. It has to be considered in differential diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathy, particularly in immunocompromised patients so that patients can be treated medically at an early stage before dissemination occurs and unnecessary surgery can be avoided. Here, we present this case because of its rare presentation as isolated cervical lymphadenopathy and classical cytological picture.