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Background: As an increased number of women beat breast cancer worldwide, the breast cancer related lymphedema has gained more attention recently. The vascularized omentum lymph node transfer has been approached as an useful tool for advanced and recurrent cases. The purpose of the paper is to emphasize the advantages and disadvantages of this method. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study consists of 17 patients known with breast cancer related lymphedema who received vascularized omentum lymph node transfer. Data was recorded between January 2022 and January 2023. Patients diagnosed with secondary lymphedema stage II or III, unresponsive to previous microsurgical lymphovenous bypass were included. Results: The most prevalent affected site was the left upper limb (59%), where edema was mainly identified in the forearm (75%). Nevertheless, more than half of the subjects have previously received lymphaticovenous anastomosis. The correlation between the stage of lymphedema and the postoperative reduction of the volume of the affected limb was -0.26, the slope to reached -0.33, with an intercept value of 2.64. The follow-up period showed reduced upper limb volume and an improved quality of life. Conclusion: Through an experienced hand, this versatile flap brings hope to breast cancer survivors with lymphedema.
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Linfedema del Cáncer de Mama , Neoplasias de la Mama , Ganglios Linfáticos , Epiplón , Calidad de Vida , Humanos , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del Tratamiento , Persona de Mediana Edad , Ganglios Linfáticos/trasplante , Epiplón/trasplante , Linfedema del Cáncer de Mama/cirugía , Linfedema del Cáncer de Mama/etiología , Neoplasias de la Mama/cirugía , Neoplasias de la Mama/complicaciones , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Anciano , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Adulto , Linfedema/cirugía , Linfedema/etiología , Estudios de SeguimientoRESUMEN
Background: According to the World Health Organization, cases of diabetes have risen from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014, with a more rapid rising in middle- and low-income countries. Diabetes causes yearly approximately 1.6 million deaths, and is a major cause of heart attacks, stroke, kidney failure, blindness and lower limb amputation. This article provides information on the treatment of a frequent complication related to diabetes, namely toe/ partial foot amputation. Broad, deep operative defects of the diabetic foot represent a reconstructive challenge. The aim of the study is to analyse the efficiency of healing methods using splitted skin graft corroborated with negative pressure therapy for wounds resulted after diabetic foot surgery. Second of all, the study intends to highlight the role of a sequence of the multidisciplinary approach, in this case general surgeon-plastic surgeon, in assuring the functionality of the pelvic limb. Methods: 63 diabetic patients were retrospectively analysed, patients that were admitted in Dr.I.Cantacuzino and Bagdasar-Arseni Clinical Hospitals, with different types of wounds resulted after diabetic foot surgery, between January 2016 and December 2017. Results: The reconstructions were successful in 56 patients, and, during the follow-up period, there were no complications. From the 7 patients with complications (skin graft necrosis, skin graft infection), one had an auto avulsion of the skin graft. Conclusion: Direct closure is feasible for small-sized wounds. Skin grafts provide effective coverage for large wounds, although they may often produce concave, caved-in, non-aesthetic closures. NPWT (negative pressure wound therapy) is also a very helpful procedure. Flap reconstruction often provides superior functional and aesthetic appearance. Adjacent tissue transfers may be used to close many wounds, but dermal restraint may hinder motion and lead to closure tension. Alternative solution of repair remains the reconstruction with free flaps, which also poses problems, due to arteriopathy.
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Pie Diabético , Colgajos Tisulares Libres , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Pie Diabético/cirugía , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Trasplante de Piel , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Introduction: The diabetic foot is a complex pathologic entity characterized by the totality of modifications appearing on the foot during the evolution of the diabetic disease. This survey aims to elaborate an algorithm of treatment for patients with arteriopathic predominant diabetic foot lesions, with the purpose of reducing the number of debilitating interventions and improving the quality of life. Material and Method: There were analysed a number of 188 patients admitted to the Surgery Clinic I of the Dr.I.Cantacuzino Clinical Hospital, in the year 2017, suffering from arteriopathic predominant diabetic foot lesions, based on several inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results: According to the type of foot lesion, most patients had the diagnosis of wet gangrene of the toe/toes (51.06%), followed by ischaemic gangrene of the toe/toes (40.4%); the surgical interventions performed on these types of lesions in 73.9% of the cases consisted of minor amputations (transmetatarsal amputation of the toe/toes/foot). Conclusions: The treatment algorithm developed as a result of this survey represents a feasible treatment solution for the pathology of the arteriopathic predominant diabetic foot and failure to comply with this treatment may lead to treatment errors in a sense in which disproportional surgery can be performed in correlation with an inexact diagnosis.
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Pie Diabético , Amputación Quirúrgica , Gangrena , Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Advanced and metastatic cervical cancer remains a formidable challenge in oncology, with immune checkpoint inhibitors such as the PD-1 inhibitor nivolumab emerging as a potential therapeutic option. This systematic review rigorously assesses the effectiveness and outcomes of various nivolumab treatment regimens within this patient cohort, drawing from clinical trials and real-world evidence up to December 2023. Following a comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, four studies were deemed eligible, involving a collective total of 80 patients. One preliminary trial data were excluded from the final analysis, as well as four other proceedings and abstracts on the efficacy and safety of nivolumab on advanced cervical cancer. The patients' average age across these studies was 48 years, with an average of 38% having an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 1. Notably, 64% of all patients were positive for high-risk HPV, and 71% exhibited PD-L1 positivity, indicating a substantial target population for nivolumab. The analysis revealed a pooled objective response rate (ORR) of 48%, with a disease control rate (DCR) averaging 71%. Moreover, progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months was observed at an average rate of 50%, reflecting the significant potential of nivolumab in managing advanced stages of the disease. The review highlights the influence of PD-L1 status on response rates and underscores the enhanced outcomes associated with combination therapy approaches. By delineating the variability in treatment efficacy and pinpointing key factors affecting therapeutic response and survival, this systematic review calls for further investigations to refine nivolumab's clinical application, aiming to improve patient outcomes in advanced and metastatic cervical cancer.
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INTRODUCTION: In developed countries, heart disease is the primary cause of maternal mortality during pregnancy. Arterial stiffness, an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis and a predictor of cardiovascular complications, can be assessed using the augmentation index (AIx) and pulse wave velocity (PWV). In this prospective study, we aimed to evaluate diverse hemodynamic parameters and arterial stiffness in pregnant women before and after participating in a structured, personalized exercise training program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty healthy pregnant women, non-smokers, who agreed to participate daily for 12 weeks in a physical exercise training program under the supervision of a team made up of an obstetrician, a cardiologist, and a physiotherapist were included. Anthropometric characteristics, arterial function, and physical activity data were collected from the participants at two different time points: at the beginning of the exercise training program (T0) and at the end, after 12 weeks (T1). RESULTS: Upon conducting a statistical analysis, it was discovered that there were noteworthy disparities (p = 0.05) in body mass index, brachial AIx, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure values between the two time points. The regression analysis for the AIx brachial values and the PWVao values from Trim II (T0) and Trim III (T1) showed major differences between these two time points; the association between the AIx brachial values in the second and third trimesters of pregnancy revealed a strong direct significant correlation (p < 0.001), and the correlation between the PWVao values in the second (T0) and third trimester (T1) of pregnancy was weak and insignificant (p = 0.12). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of our study indicate that a personalized exercise training program positively impacts the physical and psychological well-being of pregnant women, leading to a reduction in PWV.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Over the past few years, researchers have focused on the importance of vitamin D in the health of pregnant women and in reducing the chances of developmental disorders occurring in fetuses. In addition, a link has been established between fetal development and arterial stiffness in hypertensive disorders that occur during pregnancy. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the relationship between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) as the primary marker of vitamin D status and endothelial dysfunction, as measured by pulse wave velocity (PWV) in pregnant women with preeclampsia (PE) and pregnancy-induced hypertension (HTN), as well as its impact on fetal development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study included 187 pregnant women who met the study inclusion criteria. Pregnant women were divided into two groups: pregnancy-induced hypertension (HTN group), which included 100 patients (53.48%), and preeclampsia (PE group), which included 87 patients (46.52%). RESULTS: Significant differences regarding the augmentation index (Aix) brachial, PWVao, heart rate, and systolic or diastolic blood pressure with more increased values were observed for the HTN group vs. the preeclampsia group in the current research (p < 0.001). Additionally, the Aix brachial index was significantly lower in the preeclampsia group compared to the HTN group (1.76 ± 0.71 for the HTN group vs. 0.62 ± 0.5 for the preeclampsia group, p < 0.001). A severe matern serum 25(OH)D level deficiency was associated with a more severe subcategory of prematurity (p < 0.001) and with increased chances of newborn preterm birth (p < 0.05). Moreover, the negative effect of severe maternal serum 25(OH)D level deficiency was studied for each group regarding the blood pressure values, Aix brachial, PWVao values in the second and third trimesters, and fetus weight. The Kruskal-Wallis test was applied for this, obtaining significant differences in all cases: open paren p less than 0.05 and closed. When serum severe 25(OH)D levels deficiency was present, arterial stiffness parameters were significantly worse. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this research revealed notable connections between vitamin D deficiency and increased arterial rigidity in pregnant women with preeclampsia and pregnancy-induced hypertension. These results emphasize the significance of conducting both examinations to obtain a more comprehensive evaluation of these patients. Utilizing pulse wave analysis as a practical approach to assessing maternal arterial stiffness in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy may prove beneficial, particularly in cases of serum 25(OH)D level deficiency. It could play a key role in identifying patients at higher risk of worsening disease severity and, thus, preventing any impact on fetal development.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Maternal-fetal gestational pathology is one of the biggest challenges in the field of health at this moment. The current study is designed to determine the effects of vitamin D on pregnancy, starting with the idea that impairment of vitamin D status is thought to be correlated with impairment of the newborn's health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, we tried to establish the link between vitamin D deficiency and maternal characteristics and also how it impacted the clinical status of the newborn. We analyzed a group of 260 patients: 130 pregnant women and 130 newborns, in whom vitamin D status was detected using the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-(OH)D). RESULTS: The results showed that vitamin D deficiency has a high incidence among pregnant women, as was presented in many important international studies. Our study also showed a positive, direct correlation between the mother's and newborn's vitamin D status. CONCLUSIONS: Taking into consideration that vitamin D deficiency has been correlated with many complications, both in maternal and newborn health, a serum level determination of 25-(OH)D is necessary in the first trimester of pregnancy, and after that, adequate supplementation is necessary in order to prevent any negative effects.
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BACKGROUND: Caesarean section rates have continued to trend upward in most countries, including Romania, creating a number of economic challenges. In the public health system, there is no regulation for performing Caesarean sections on demand; it is often done unlawfully, and in private hospitals, it is a real business. Thus, this study aims to investigate the budgetary impact at a hospital level and the profit per procedure by introducing on-demand caesarean sections for a fee. METHODS: This study was conducted in one of the largest maternity units in Western Romania-the "Bega" Maternity Clinic of the Timisoara County Emergency Hospital. For the analysis, the difference between a proposed occupancy rate (between 50 and 85%, increasing every 5 percent) and the actual occupancy rate was calculated. Considering that this difference can be used to admit patients to receive Caesarean sections on demand for a fee, the profit that could be obtained during the study period was calculated. RESULTS: It is reported that between 238 (proposed occupancy rate of 50%) and 4683 patients (a proposed occupancy rate of 85%) could have benefited from on-demand caesarean section surgery in 2017-2019. Between RON 419,999 and RON 8,551,636 could be obtained in the 3 years of study by implementing caesarean section against payment. CONCLUSION: The implementation of a system of on-demand payment for caesarean sections in Romania would bring significant profits to the hospital budget.
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Cesárea , Hospitales Privados , Embarazo , Humanos , Femenino , RumaníaRESUMEN
This manuscript provides a brief review and analysis of the healthcare system in Romania. This study aims to comprehensively analyse the healthcare system in Romania, evaluating its strengths, weaknesses, and impact on the population's access to quality healthcare services. Within the framework of the Romanian healthcare system, a multitude of pressing challenges endure. These encompass insufficient funding, shortages of medical personnel, and ineffectiveness in the provisioning of services. These impediments substantially hinder the accessibility of healthcare services, particularly in outlying and pastoral regions, thereby rendering the system susceptible and underserving certain demographics. Our investigation presents three hypotheses. The opening conjecture proposes that inadequate funding has a negative impact on the availability and standard of healthcare facilities in Romania. In addition, another hypothesis assumes that insufficient medical staff plays a considerable role in inequalities in access to and delivery of healthcare. Moreover, the existence of inadequacies in service provision serves as a significant barrier, obstructing the timely and efficient delivery of healthcare to those who need it. Our research encompasses a comprehensive analysis of key aspects of the Romanian healthcare system, ranging from healthcare infrastructure and financing mechanisms to service delivery and healthcare outcomes. Through a blend of qualitative and quantitative data sources, including government reports, academic studies, and statistical data, we have endeavoured to provide an in-depth evaluation. The analysis encompasses various aspects, including healthcare infrastructure, financing mechanisms, service delivery, and healthcare outcomes. Romania has a mixed healthcare system with both public and private providers. The primary level of care is delivered by family doctors, while hospitals and specialised medical centres provide secondary and tertiary care services. This research underlines the criticality of significant alterations being implemented in the healthcare system of Romania to address the issues arising from insufficient funding, a shortage of medical personnel, and shortcomings in service delivery. It is vital to tackle the obstacles presented by insufficient funding, the dearth of healthcare staff, and inadequacies in service delivery to attain impartial and reachable healthcare. By implementing these essential transformations, Romania can pave the way towards a healthcare system that efficaciously caters to the diverse requirements of its populace and guarantees the provision of prompt and superior healthcare services.
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The objectives of this article are to present an original surgical procedure for the temporary or definitive resolution of hydrocephalus, in the case of repeated failure of standard treatment techniques, and to present a case that was resolved using this surgical technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present the case of a 20-year-old male patient with congenital hydrocephalus who underwent a number of 39 shunt revisions, given the repetitive dysfunctions of various techniques (ventriculo-peritoneal shunt, ventriculo-cardiac shunt). The patient was evaluated with the ventricular catheter externalized at the distal end and it was necessary to find an emergency surgical solution, considering the imminent risk of meningitis. The patient was also associated with the diagnosis of acute lithiasic cholecystitis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: The final chosen solution, right ventriculo-venous drainage using the cephalic vein, was a temporary surgical solution, but there are signs that this procedure can provide long-term ventricular drainage. CONCLUSIONS: Transcephalic ventriculo-subclavian drainage represents an alternative technical option, which can be used when established options become ineffective.
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Background: Although Charcot diabetic foot (CDF) is a frequent complication of diabetic neuropathy, less is known about the possibility of its early prevention. Methods: A review of the original articles published in English, using the "biomarkers AND Charcot's foot" criterion, resulted in 33 articles from the PubMed database and seven articles from the Web of Science database. The five duplicates were eliminated, and two independent reviewers selected the most relevant articles, leaving a total of 21 articles. Results: The biomarkers identified are exhaustively described, related to the system of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their soluble receptors (sRAGE), inflammatory cascade, osteoclastogenesis, and, respectively, osteoblastic activity. Conclusions: This article highlights the importance of potential early identifiable biomarkers that can lead to microstructural changes in the affected bones.
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Hand soft tissue defects after trauma injuries or tumor excision are challenging for the plastic surgeon, regardless of the patient's age, gender, or ethnicity. Current surgical protocols suggest protecting the main arteries by using local or free perforator flaps. This article describes the use of local perforator flaps to resurface soft tissue defects with exposed tendons, nerves, arteries and/or bones to obtain the best mobility of the flexion creases without sacrificing the main artery. We present the use of the dorsal metacarpal artery perforator (Quaba) flap in two cases, showing different types of pathology that could benefit from this method. The first case is a 43-year-old male patient, known with psoriasis, who suffered a home accident with a chainsaw. The second case is a 35-year-old woman with a round, mobile skin tumor located on the volar surface of the metacarpophalangeal joint. The patients were discharged from the hospital the next day postoperative. Both patients reported a slight bulkiness of the flap without affecting the functional outcome, preserving full mobility of the fingers. The Quaba flap is a distally based perforator axial flap suitable for soft tissue defects reconstructions, safe and easy to use, with minimal donor site morbidity. Slight bulkiness could affect the aesthetics of the hand.
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Huesos del Metacarpo , Colgajo Perforante , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos , Adulto , Arterias/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Trasplante de Piel , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Defects of the lower limb are generally difficult to correct, especially in patients with associated pathologies, and they represent a challenge for the reconstructive surgeon. The sural flap provides considerable versatility for lower limb reconstructions, successfully covering defects located between the knee and the ankle or the heel. Most frequently, this flap is used for defects located in the middle to distal third of the lower limb. The scope of reconstructing defects from the lower limb extremities must be concentrated both on covering the defect, and on functional recovery. When use of a local flap is insufficient, free flaps must be used, as they provide a wider coverage of defect. We report the successful surgical management of a case of a lower extremity injury consisting of a tibial pilon fracture, proximal fibula and lateral malleolus fractures, and a medium-to-large defect on both sides (internal and external) of the left ankle, on a 61 year-old patient, insulin dependent diabetic, heavy smoker, and with poor hygiene.
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Diabetes Mellitus , Colgajos Tisulares Libres , Traumatismos de la Pierna , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos , Humanos , Traumatismos de la Pierna/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos de la Pierna/cirugía , Persona de Mediana Edad , Traumatismos de los Tejidos Blandos/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Glomus tumors are frequently associated with pain, tenderness and cold sensitivity. We report the diagnosis and successful surgical management of a case of a classic glomus tumor in a young woman. The clinical diagnosis was made on the basis of medical history and MRI findings. The lesion was excised via a dorsolateral subungual approach, leading to the complete resolution of symptoms. Histology confirmed the lesion to be a glomus tumor. Glomus tumors are painful subungual lesions. They produce a throbbing or lancinating local discomfort, cold-sensitivity, and severe pain following minor trauma. The diagnosis is confirmed by histology, but the clinical diagnosis is highly suggestive. Complete excision will usually relieve pain. Recurrence is common following incomplete resection.
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Dedos/patología , Tumor Glómico/patología , Dolor/etiología , Adulto , Antígenos CD34/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular , Femenino , Tumor Glómico/diagnóstico por imagen , Tumor Glómico/cirugía , Humanos , Antígeno Ki-67/metabolismo , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Mitosis , Pulgar/diagnóstico por imagen , Pulgar/cirugíaRESUMEN
Rationale: In the last decade, the incidence of skin cancers has been increasing. Early diagnosis, treatment and prevention are crucial in helping to diminish the incidence, mortality and morbidity associated with skin cancers. Objective: This article presents arguments for and against local anesthesia in the treatment of skin cancers, including the clinical cases, a summary of treatment, and prognosis. Methods and results: Under local anesthesia, local and loco-regional flaps offer an optimal shape and volume for face reconstruction, minimizing the operative time and therefore the hospitalization. Facial skin cancer surgery under local anesthesia also contributes significantly to decreasing health care costs compared to general anesthesia. Discussions: Although in our practice, excision of skin tumors in the facial area under local anesthesia is a frequent and harmless surgical method, it can cause increased stress in some patients. However, the benefits are significantly greater than the disadvantages.
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Anestesia Local , Cara/patología , Cara/cirugía , Neoplasias Cutáneas/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Calcinosis consists of abnormal calcium deposition in soft tissues, which appears often in patients with limited systemic sclerosis, being one of the criteria of CREST (calcinosis cutis, Raynaud phenomenon, esophageal dysfunction, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia) syndrome. With a long evolution, the aim of the treatment is to control the symptoms and prevent complications. In this article, we present the challenging management of a profuse lesion of calcinosis in a patient with systemic sclerosis. We describe the case of a 52-year-old woman with systemic sclerosis and CREST syndrome who was admitted in our Department with multiple painful and disabling tumoral masses, situated in nearly all joints. The interscapular vertebral tumoral mass was excised and the defect was closed. Histopathological examination revealed cutaneous calcinosis, probably associated with CREST syndrome, a type of scleroderma. Postoperative results were favorable and no local complications were encountered. Six months follow-up revealed no evidence of recurrence. Despite the size and the invasion of the tumor in the muscle, complete resection was possible with an adequate reconstruction; the postoperative result being acceptable. With a lower response to medication, surgical treatment is considered the only option for treating symptomatic lesions of calcinosis in order to improve quality of life.
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Calcinosis/complicaciones , Esclerodermia Sistémica/complicaciones , Calcinosis/diagnóstico por imagen , Calcinosis/patología , Calcinosis/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Inflamación/patología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteólisis/complicaciones , Osteólisis/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteólisis/patología , Osteólisis/cirugía , Esclerodermia Sistémica/diagnóstico por imagen , Esclerodermia Sistémica/patología , Esclerodermia Sistémica/cirugíaRESUMEN
A 48-year-old woman with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) had multiple skin necrosis caused by massive bleeding and hematoma collection at the right lower leg, left thigh, and abdomen. During the first month, we did surgical debridement every 2 to 3 days with meticulous coagulation and applied negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT). Then as the base showed initial granulation, we changed the NPWT every 4 days. NPWT was used with lower pressure and cyclic mode (-40 to -75 mm Hg) to minimize trauma and to reduce the possibility of bleeding from the wounds. After 2 months of NPWT treatment, all the wounds eventually healed with secondary intension despite the patient's condition with diabetes, hemodialysis, anticoagulant use, and corticosteroid therapy. This report supports the idea that if accompanied by conservative debridement with meticulous bleeding control, application of NPWT in low pressures and close monitoring of the patient, NPWT is possible to use even in wounds of patients with risk for bleeding.
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Síndrome Antifosfolípido/complicaciones , Hematoma/complicaciones , Úlcera de la Pierna/terapia , Terapia de Presión Negativa para Heridas/métodos , Cicatrización de Heridas , Desbridamiento/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Úlcera de la Pierna/etiología , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Carcinoma of the Fallopian tube is the least frequent tumor of the female genital tract. The diagnosis is difficult but could be made more frequently if the causes of abnormal bleeding were thoroughly investigated by means of cytology and endometrial curettage. Treatment is by resection of the tumor, total hysterectomy, and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy followed by chemotherapy. A 25-year-old patient, presented herself at the emergency room, accusing intense lower abdominal pains, accompanied by vaginal bleeding. The histological aspect corroborated with the Ki-67 index is strongly suggestive for a choriocarcinoma developed in a tubal ectopic pregnancy.
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Coriocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de las Trompas Uterinas/diagnóstico , Embarazo Tubario/diagnóstico , Adulto , Coriocarcinoma/complicaciones , Coriocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Coriocarcinoma/cirugía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias de las Trompas Uterinas/complicaciones , Neoplasias de las Trompas Uterinas/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de las Trompas Uterinas/patología , Neoplasias de las Trompas Uterinas/cirugía , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Complicaciones Neoplásicas del Embarazo , Trofoblastos/patologíaRESUMEN
The placental development is a complex process, in which any disturbance can induce changes with grave consequences for the offspring. Villi and villous vascularization development is in, and underdevelopment can lead to villous placental insufficiency. This paper aims to analyze the arterial and venous vasculature of the placenta, both macroscopic and morphologically, by different injection techniques of contrast agents (plastic substances type AGO II) in 50 human placentas with different ages of gestation.
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Placenta/irrigación sanguínea , Placenta/patología , Adulto , Corrosión , Femenino , Feto/irrigación sanguínea , Edad Gestacional , Humanos , Tamaño de los Órganos , Embarazo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Malignant tumors represent one of the most important medical problems, due to the increased mortality rate, life quality alteration, and the lack of a curable treatment. Skin neoplasm ranks first most frequent top primary tumor, summing a higher percentage than any other neoplastic location. It is also known, the fact that, in our country, gastric adenocarcinoma represents the most encountered tumor of the digestive tube. Our case, male, 49-year-old, comes from a rural area, was diagnosed with and surgically treated, within one year, for gastric adenocarcinoma (intestinal type gastric carcinoma) and squamous cell carcinoma (at the level of the lower lip). A high number of etiologic agents are associated with different risks in developing a carcinoma with squamous cells at the level of the head and the neck, and a gastric carcinoma (our patient is known to suffer from gastric ulcer and Helicobacter pylori, for more than 20 years, and he is a chronic consumer of alcohol and nicotine).