Association between dental hygiene, gingivitis and overweight or the risk of overweight in primary teeth of 4- and 5-year-old preschoolers in México.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between dental hygiene, gingivitis and overweight or the risk of overweight according to body mass index (BMI). METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed with 1527 preschoolers. The children were divided into 4 groups: (i) absence of visible plaque and normal weight; (ii) absence of visible plaque and risk of overweight or overweight; (iii) presence of visible plaque and normal weight; and (iv) presence of visible plaque and risk of overweight or overweight. The clinical parameters evaluated were as follows: body mass index, degree of urban marginalization, dental caries, the simplified oral hygiene index and gingival status. Bivariate analysis and multivariate binary logistic regression models were used to identify associations between variables. RESULTS: The highest mean of gingivitis (0.28) was observed in the groups with visible plaque with normal weight and with overweight and risk of overweight. The presence of visible plaque and risk of overweight or overweight were positively associated (P = .0001) with the mean of gingivitis (OR = 8.28, 95% CI = 3.30-19.8). The absence of visible plaque and risk of overweight or overweight (P = .0001) were also positively associated with the presence of gingivitis (OR = 2.44, 95% CI = 0.68-8.06). This is after both models were adjusted by gender and degree of marginalization. CONCLUSIONS: The professionals should develop interdisciplinary approaches to (i) propose appropriate interventions to improve oral health in overweight preschoolers; and (ii) propose interventions to decrease the overweight with the possibility of also reducing its association with gingivitis.

Effect of preoperative oral pravastatin reload in systemic inflammatory response and myocardial damage after coronary artery bypass grafting. A pilot double-blind placebo-controlled study.

AIM: Statins exert pleiotropic effects that result in cardioprotective and antiinflammatory properties. There is a lack of information about the effect of preoperative reloading statin administration in surgical coronary patients regarding myocardial protection, systemic inflammatory response (SIR) attenuation and nitric oxide (NO) metabolism. METHODS: Thirty consecutive dyslipidemic patients under chronic treatment with statins were randomized to orally receive pravastatin 80 mg (N.=10), 40 mg (N.=10) or placebo (N.=10) two hours before anesthetic induction for non-emergent on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) procedures. Perioperative peripheral venous and intraoperative CS blood samples were collected for determination of drug-related adverse effects, NO metabolism and both myocardial damage and SIR biomarkers. RESULTS: Pravastatin reloading resulted in a significant and dose-related intense attenuation of SIR, but no differences in cardiac damage biomarker levels were demonstrated. NO release and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression was significantly reduced in both treatment groups. Highest pravastatin doses significantly increased systemic creatine phosphokinase (CPK) concentration compared with intermediate doses but no other adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION: Oral pravastatin reloading before non-emergent CABG significantly attenuates postoperative SIR and systemic NO/iNOS concentrations with no effect in perioperative myocardial damage. Highest pravastatin doses increase CPK levels and must be avoided in susceptible patients.

Giant left atrial myxoma: case report.

This report describes the case of a 40 year old woman with a giant left atrial myxoma. Only a thin path of 9 mm diameter allowed blood flow through the left atrial chamber to the left ventricle. Despite this obstruction, the patient developed only minimal symptoms. Echocardiography, especially transoesophageal mode is the diagnostic procedure of choice to detect these tumours. The giant mass was successfully removed and the patient is doing well two years after surgery.

Multiple recurrence of a "sporadic" (non-familial) cardiac myxoma.

This report describes a myxoma with three recurrences, two of them synchronous neoplasms in both atrial chambers, without evidence of familial history or features of the "myxoma complex" (lentiginosis, other non-cardiac myxomas and endocrine overactivity). The patient underwent complete resection of the myxoma with their surrounding tissue 3 times between 1983 and 1992. At the time of writing no other myxoma has been diagnosed in this patient.

[Left atrial thrombus. Its evolution with oral anticoagulation]. / Trombo auricular izquierdo. Evolución con anticoagulación oral.

UNLABELLED: Left ventricular thrombi were found in 25 patients by two-dimensional echocardiography. All patients were in atrial fibrillation, 16 had mitral or mitroaortic valve diseases and nine mitral or mitroaortic bioprosthetic valves. Nine patients (36%) had history of arterial embolism. At diagnostic time, oral anticoagulation with coumadin was instaured in all the patients. Periodic clinic and echocardiography follow-up was performed. Left atrial thrombi either disappeared (18 patients [72%]) or reduced their size (one patient). Six patients with mitral stenosis were considered as candidates to percutaneous mitral valvuloplasty, which was performed in 4 patients whose thrombi disappeared with anticoagulation therapy in 6 months. During the follow-up one patient had cerebral embolism without sequelae. CONCLUSIONS: 1st. Patients with left atrial thrombi have high risk for arterial embolism. 2nd. Left atrial thrombi disappear in a high proportion after prescribing oral anticoagulation, which has some important therapeutic implications.

Estudio epidemiológico de la incidencia de caries del órgano dentario 46 como primer diente afectado en la dentición permanente / Epidemiologic study of the incidence of tooth decay body 46 as first tooth concerned in the permanent dentition

El primer molar permanente es un órgano dental muy importante en la dentición ya que tiene un papel importante en la oclusión y en la función masticatoria; los primeros molares inferiores son los más susceptibles debido a su anatomía y morfología, ser los primeros en hacer erupción, el factor gravedad que hace que los alimentos no se queden en los primeros molares superiores y si en los inferiores y la causa que sea más en el derecho que en el izquierdo es la forma como se realiza el cepillado. El estudio se realizó en la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la Facultad de Estomatología de la U.A.S.L.P., la muestra fue de 500 pacientes (55.20% Femenino y 44.80% Másculino) edades de los pacientes de 6 a 18 años, el órgano dentario más afectado es el primer molar permanente inferior derecho 46 (68.40%) observado clínicamente y con el cuestionamiento directo o indirecto, también nos mostro que el cepillado se realiza dos veces al día (37%)

The first permanent molar is a very important dental organ in the teething has an important role in the occlusion and masticatory function; the first lower molars are the most susceptible due to their anatomy and morphology, to be first to erupt, the factor gravity that causes that the foods do not remain in first superiors molars and if in the lowers and the cause that is more in the right than in the left one is the form as brushing one is realized. The study carried out in the Clinic of Odontopediatry of the Facultad de Estomatología of U.A.S.L.P., the sample was of 500 patients (55.20% Feminine and 44.80% Másculine) ages of the patients of 6 to 18 years, the most affected dental organ is the first one to molar permanent lower right 46 (68.40%) noted Clínically and with the direct or indirect, questioning also we showed brushing is done twice a day (37%)