Patterning Design of Electrode to Improve the Interfacial Stability and Rate Capability for Fast Rechargeable Solid-State Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Patterned electrodes were developed for use in solid-state lithium-ion batteries, with the ultimate goal to promote fast-charging attributes through improving electrochemically activated surfaces within electrodes. By a conventional photolithography, patterned arrays of SnO2 nanowires were fabricated directly on the current collector, and empty channel structures formed between the resulting arrays were customized through modifying the size and interval of the SnO2 patterns. The composite electrolyte comprising Li7La3Zr2O12 and poly(ethylene oxide) was exploited to secure intimate interfacial contact at the electrode/electrolyte junction while preserving ionic conductivity in the bulk electrolyte. The potential and limitation of the electrode patterning approach were then explored experimentally. For example, the electrochemical behaviors of patterned electrodes were investigated as a function of variations in microchannel structures, and compared with those of conventional film-type electrodes. The findings show promise to improve electrode dynamics when electrochemical reaction kinetics could be hindered by poor interfacial characteristics on electrodes.

Spatiotemporally modulated full-polarized light emission for multiplexed optical encryption.

Spatiotemporal control of full freedoms of polarized light emission is crucial in multiplexed optical computing, encryption and communication. Although recent advancements have been made in active emission or passive conversion of polarized light through solution-processed nanomaterials or metasurfaces, these design paths usually encounter limitations, such as small polarization degrees, low light utilization efficiency, limited polarization states, and lack of spatiotemporal control. Here, we addressed these challenges by integrating the spatiotemporal modulation of the LED device, the precise control and efficient polarization emission through nanomaterial assembly, and the programmable patterning/positioning using 3D printing. We achieved an extremely high degree of polarization for both linearly and circularly polarized emission from ultrathin inorganic nanowires and quantum nanorods thanks to the shear-force-induced alignment effect during the protruding of printing filaments. Real-time polarization modulation covering the entire Poincaré sphere can be conveniently obtained through the programming of the on-off state of each LED pixel. Further, the output polarization states can be encoded by an ordered chiral plasmonic film. Our device provides an excellent platform for multiplexing spatiotemporal polarization information, enabling visible light communication with an exceptionally elevated level of physical layer security and multifunctional encrypted displays that can encode both 2D and 3D information.

A prospective evaluation of 18F-FDG and 11C-acetate PET/CT for detection of primary and metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma.

UNLABELLED: Because (18)F-FDG PET has insufficient sensitivity for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), (11)C-acetate PET has been proposed as another technique for this use. We prospectively evaluated the value of PET/CT using these 2 tracers for the detection of primary and metastatic HCC. METHODS: One hundred twelve patients (99 with HCC, 13 with cholangiocellular carcinoma) underwent biopsy and (18)F-FDG and (11)C-acetate PET/CT. RESULTS: The overall sensitivities of (18)F-FDG, (11)C-acetate, and dual-tracer PET/CT in the detection of 110 lesions in 90 patients with primary HCC were 60.9%, 75.4%, and 82.7%, respectively. Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein levels, an advanced tumor stage, portal vein tumor thrombosis, large tumors, and multiple tumors were significantly associated with positive (18)F-FDG PET/CT results. Uptake of (11)C-acetate was associated with large and multiple tumors. For (18)F-FDG, the sensitivities according to tumor size (1-2, 2-5, and >/=5 cm) were 27.2%, 47.8%, and 92.8%, respectively; for (11)C-acetate, these respective values were 31.8%, 78.2%, and 95.2%. (18)F-FDG was more sensitive in the detection of poorly differentiated HCC. Overall survival was lower in patients with (18)F-FDG PET/CT positive for all indexed lesions than in those with FDG negative or partially positive through the entire follow-up period. In analysis based on biopsied lesions, the sensitivity of (18)F-FDG PET/CT was 64.4% for primary HCC and 84.4% for (11)C-acetate PET/CT. The overall sensitivities of (18)F-FDG, (11)C-acetate, and dual-tracer PET/CT for 35 metastatic HCCs were 85.7%, 77.0%, and 85.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the sensitivity of tracers according to metastatic tumor size, location, or differentiation. CONCLUSION: The addition of (11)C-acetate to (18)F-FDG PET/CT increases the overall sensitivity for the detection of primary HCC but not for the detection of extrahepatic metastases. (18)F-FDG, (11)C-acetate, and dual-tracer PET/CT have a low sensitivity for the detection of small primary HCC, but (18)F-FDG PET/CT has a relatively high sensitivity for the detection of extrahepatic metastases of HCC.

[Amputation neuroma mimicking common bile duct cancer: a case report].

Amputation neuroma or traumatic neuroma is a tumor-like secondary hyperplasia that may develop after an accidental or surgical trauma. Amputation neuroma of the bile duct has occasionally been reported which occurred in the cystic duct stump late after the cholecystectomy. However, even if the amputation neuroma is suspected in a patient with late-onset jaundice after cholecystectomy, the differential diagnosis from a malignancy is difficult preoperatively. We experienced a case of the amputation neuroma of common bile duct (CBD) developed in a 70-year-old man who presented with a polypoid mass in CBD. He had undergone cholecystectomy 25 years ago and choledochojejunostomy 12 years ago, respectively. We have performed pylorus-preserving pancreatico-duodenectomy (PPPD) under the impression of CBD cancer. He had not been diagnosed of amputation neuroma until having undergone PPPD. We report a case of CBD neuroma mimicking CBD cancer, which was confirmed after PPPD.