RESUMEN
The incomplete identification of structural variants (SVs) from whole-genome sequencing data limits studies of human genetic diversity and disease association. Here, we apply a suite of long-read, short-read, strand-specific sequencing technologies, optical mapping, and variant discovery algorithms to comprehensively analyze three trios to define the full spectrum of human genetic variation in a haplotype-resolved manner. We identify 818,054 indel variants (<50 bp) and 27,622 SVs (≥50 bp) per genome. We also discover 156 inversions per genome and 58 of the inversions intersect with the critical regions of recurrent microdeletion and microduplication syndromes. Taken together, our SV callsets represent a three to sevenfold increase in SV detection compared to most standard high-throughput sequencing studies, including those from the 1000 Genomes Project. The methods and the dataset presented serve as a gold standard for the scientific community allowing us to make recommendations for maximizing structural variation sensitivity for future genome sequencing studies.
Asunto(s)
Genoma Humano/genética , Variación Estructural del Genoma , Genómica/métodos , Haplotipos/genética , Algoritmos , Mapeo Cromosómico/métodos , Bases de Datos Genéticas , Secuenciación de Nucleótidos de Alto Rendimiento/métodos , Humanos , Mutación INDEL , Secuenciación Completa del Genoma/métodosRESUMEN
Previous studies have shown that the hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) reactions of tert-butoxyl radical from the Parkinsonian proneurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) occur with low selectivity at the allylic and non-allylic alpha-C-H positions. In this paper, we report a more comprehensive regiochemical study on the reactivity of the tert-butoxyl radical as well as on the associated primary kinetic deuterium isotope effects for the various hydrogen atom abstractions of MPTP. In addition, the results of a computational study to estimate the various C-H bond dissociation energies of MPTP are presented. The results of the present study show the allylic/non-allylic selectivity is approximately 73:21. The behavior of the tert-butoxyl radical mediated oxidation of MPTP contrasts with this reaction as catalyzed by monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) that occurs selectively at the allylic alpha-carbon. These observations lead to the conclusion that the tert-butoxyl radical is not a good chemical model for the MAO-B-catalyzed bioactivation of MPTP.