Corrigendum: Haplotype analysis of chloroplast genomes for jujube breeding.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.841767.].

Screening of patients with tuberculosis for diabetes mellitus in China.

OBJECTIVE: There is a high burden of both diabetes (DM) and tuberculosis (TB) in China, and this study aimed to assess feasibility and results of screening patients with TB for DM within the routine healthcare setting of six health facilities. METHOD: Agreement on how to screen, monitor and record was reached in May 2011 at a stakeholders' meeting, and training was carried out for staff in the six facilities in July 2011. Implementation started in September 2011, and we report on 7 months of activities up to 31 March 2012. RESULTS: There were 8886 registered patients with TB. They were first asked whether they had DM. If the answer was no, they were screened with a random blood glucose (RBG) followed by fasting blood glucose (FBG) in those with RBG ≥ 6.1 mm (one facility) or with an initial FBG (five facilities). Those with FBG ≥ 7.0 mm were referred to DM clinics for diagnostic confirmation with a second FBG. Altogether, 1090 (12.4%) patients with DM were identified, of whom 863 (9.7%) had a known diagnosis of DM. Of 8023 patients who needed screening for DM, 7947 (99%) were screened. This resulted in a new diagnosis of DM in 227 patients (2.9% of screened patients), and of these, 226 were enrolled to DM care. In addition, 575 (7.8%) persons had impaired fasting glucose (FBG 6.1 to <7.0 mm). Prevalence of DM was significantly higher in patients in health facilities serving urban populations (14.0%) than rural populations (10.6%) and higher in hospital patients (13.5%) than those attending TB clinics (8.5%). CONCLUSION: This pilot project shows that it is feasible to screen patients with TB for DM in the routine setting, resulting in a high yield of patients with known and newly diagnosed disease. Free blood tests for glucose measurement and integration of TB and DM services may improve the diagnosis and management of dually affected patients.

Complexation of curcumin with cyclodextrins adjusts its binding to plasma proteins.

Curcumin shows poor bioaccessibility due to its poor water solubility, which limits its application in aqueous formulations, and the weak binding to plasma proteins, which hinders its transportation to targeted sites through the systemic circulation. In this study, we explored the potential of a cyclodextrin derivative, succinic acid-ß-cyclodextrin (SACD), to overcome these problems. Complexation of curcumin to SACD significantly increased its water-dispersibility and enhanced its binding to a model plasma protein: bovine serum albumin (BSA). The binding constant and number of binding sites of the ligand-protein system increased from 3.87 × 103 to 1.52 × 105 L mol-1 s-1 and from 0.80 to 1.15 in the absence and presence of SACD, respectively. The presence of SACD also reduced the ability of curcumin to promote conformational changes in BSA. For instance, the thermal denaturation temperatures of BSA in BSA-curcumin mixtures was 65.3 °C and 67.0 °C in the absence and presence of SACD, respectively, compared to 67.8 °C for pure BSA. These effects were attributed to the fact that SACD forms an inclusion complex with curcumin and modulates the binding of curcumin with BSA, which may affect the biological accessibility of curcumin in the systemic circulation.

Haplotype Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes for Jujube Breeding.

Jujube (family Rhamnaceae) is an important economic fruit tree in China. In this study, we reported 26 chloroplast (cp) sequences of jujube using Illumina paired-end sequencing. The sequence length of cp genome was 161, 367-161, 849 bp, which was composed of a large single-copy region (89053-89437 bp) and a small single-copy region (19356-19362 bp) separated by a pair of reverse repeat regions (26478-26533 bp). Each cp genome encodes the same 130 genes, including 112 unique genes, being quite conserved in genome structure and gene sequence. A total of 118 single base substitutions (SNPs) and 130 InDels were detected in 65 jujube accessions. Phylogenetic and haplotype network construction methods were used to analyze the origin and evolution of jujube and its sour-tasting relatives. We detected 32 effective haplotypes, consisting of 20 unique jujube haplotypes and 9 unique sour-jujube haplotypes. Compared with sour-jujube, jujube showed greater haplotype diversity at the chloroplast DNA level. To cultivate crisp and sweet fruit varieties featuring strong resistance, by combining the characteristics of sour-jujube and cultivated jujube, three hybrid combinations were suggested for reciprocal crosses: "Dongzao" × "Jingzao39," "Dongzao" × "Jingzao60," "Dongzao" × "Jingzao28." This study provides the basis for jujube species' identification and breeding, and lays the foundation for future research.