[Significance of bacterial count of the bile as a criteria of drug efficacy].

The effectiveness of antibiotics on biliary tract infections should be evaluated strictly by bacteriological findings rather than clinical results. In this report, the bacteria counts and drug excretion in bile were studied in 4 cases with obstructive jaundice. All patients received cefpiramide (CPM) (1.0 g) by the intravenous administration; before and at 1, 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours after injection, bile samples were taken to measure the CPM concentration (by bioassay) and bacteria counts (by plate count and uricult method). Case 1: After Soupault's operation. The highest peak of CPM excretion in bile was seen after 2 hours; bacteria counts (plate count) were decreased and/or abolished after 4 hours. Case 2: On day 25 after PTCD. CPM showed the highest peak after 1 hour, bacteria counts fell between 3 approximately 5 hours. Case 3: 4 months after PTCD. S. faecalis and Streptococcus were gradually diminished but E. cloacae (MIC greater than 100) was almost unchanged. Case 4: Cholangitis with T-tube. No change was seen in A. anitratum though CPM concentration was 830 micrograms/ml. However by the uricult method, bacteria counts decreased from 10(7) to 10(4) on CLED medium, and to 10(3) on MacConkey medium. From these results, the bacteria counts in the bile were correlated to the CPM concentrations 2 hours after it's peak. It was speculated that the decease of bacteria counts reflected the theoretical antibacterial activity.

[Clinical application of cefsulodin to Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the surgical field (author's transl)].

Cefsulodin (CFS), a new antipseudomonas cephalosporin, was clinically evaluated for treatment of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in the surgical field to obtain the following results. 1. CFS was administered to total 11 cases of the surgical infections caused by P. aeruginosa, comprising of 5 cases with wound infections, 3 cases with infected burn and 1 case each with muscular abscess, decubitus and postoperative pneumonia in 0.5 approximately 1 g twice a day by intravenous bolus or drip infusion. Good clinical responses were obtained in 9 out of 11 cases (81.8%). 2. Bacteriological responses were observed in all cases. P. aeruginosa was eradicated in 9 cases and suppressed in 2 cases by CFS treatment. However, replacement of pathogens with the other organisms was observed in 6 out of 8 cases caused by P. aeruginosa only. 3. Neither objective and subjective side effects nor abnormalities of laboratory tests associated with CFS treatment were observed. 4. It can be, therefore, concluded that CFS is one of the useful drugs for treatment of the surgical infections caused by P. aeruginosa.

Evidence for in-medium modification of the phi meson at normal nuclear density.

Invariant mass spectra of e(+) e(-) pairs have been measured in 12 GeV p + A reactions to detect possible in-medium modification of vector mesons. Copper and carbon targets are used to study the nuclear-size dependence of e(+) e(-) invariant mass distributions. A significant excess on the low-mass side of the phi meson peak is observed in the low betagamma(= beta/square root(1-beta(2))) region of phi mesons (betagamma < 1.25) with copper targets. However, in the high betagamma region (betagamma > 1.25), spectral shapes of phi mesons are well described by the Breit-Wigner shape when experimental effects are considered. Thus, in addition to our earlier publications on rho/omega modification, this study has experimentally verified vector meson mass modification at normal nuclear density.

Nuclear-matter modification of decay widths in the phi-->e+e- and phi-->K+K- channels.

The invariant mass spectra of phi-->K+K- are measured in 12 GeV p+A reactions in order to search for the in-medium modification of phi mesons. The observed K+K- spectra are well reproduced by the relativistic Breit-Wigner function with a combinatorial background shape in three betagamma regions between 1.0 and 3.5. The nuclear mass number dependence of the yields of the K+K- decay channel is compared to the simultaneously measured e+e- decay channel for carbon and copper targets. We parameterize the production yields as sigma(A)=sigma0Aalpha and obtain alphaphi-->K+K- -alphaphi-->e+e- to be 0.14+/-0.12. Limits are obtained for the partial decay widths of the phi mesons in nuclear matter.

Experimental signature of medium modifications for rho and omega mesons in the 12 GeV p+A reactions.

The invariant mass spectra of e+e- pairs produced in 12 GeV proton-induced nuclear reactions are measured at the KEK Proton Synchrotron. On the low-mass side of the meson peak, a significant enhancement over the known hadronic sources has been observed. The mass spectra, including the excess, are well reproduced by a model that takes into account the density dependence of the vector meson mass modification, as theoretically predicted.

[A primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach difficult to differentiate from gastric ulcer].

The case involves a 57-year-old male who complained of an upper abdominal pain when hungry. An adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach, however, is rare, and to make such an initial preoperative diagnosis endoscopically from a biopsied specimen is extremely unusual. Thus, as can be expected, on first examination, that the patient had a grade II adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach was not determined. Two months later, however, on second diagnosis, a primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach in the interior part of the angle region was made after an endoscopic study of a biopsied specimen.

Observation of rho/omega meson modification in nuclear matter.

We measured the invariant mass spectra of electron-positron pairs in the target rapidity region of 12-GeV p+A reactions. We have observed a significant difference in the mass spectra below the omega meson between p+C and p+Cu interactions. This difference indicates that the spectral shape of mesons is modified at normal nuclear-matter density.