Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 81
Filtrar
Más filtros

Banco de datos
Tipo del documento
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Cell ; 176(3): 625-635.e14, 2019 01 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30682371

RESUMEN

Programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1PRF) is a widely used translation recoding mechanism. HIV-1 expresses Gag-Pol protein from the Gag-coding mRNA through -1PRF, and the ratio of Gag to Gag-Pol is strictly maintained for efficient viral replication. Here, we report that the interferon-stimulated gene product C19orf66 (herein named Shiftless) is a host factor that inhibits the -1PRF of HIV-1. Shiftless (SFL) also inhibited the -1PRF of a variety of mRNAs from both viruses and cellular genes. SFL interacted with the -1PRF signal of target mRNA and translating ribosomes and caused premature translation termination at the frameshifting site. Downregulation of translation release factor eRF3 or eRF1 reduced SFL-mediated premature translation termination. We propose that SFL binding to target mRNA and the translating ribosome interferes with the frameshifting process. These findings identify SFL as a broad-spectrum inhibitor of -1PRF and help to further elucidate the mechanisms of -1PRF.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas de Fusión gag-pol/genética , VIH-1/genética , Secuencia de Bases , Sistema de Lectura Ribosómico/genética , Regulación Viral de la Expresión Génica/genética , Humanos , Conformación de Ácido Nucleico , Biosíntesis de Proteínas , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , ARN Viral/metabolismo , Ribosomas/metabolismo , Replicación Viral/genética
2.
Nature ; 589(7841): 270-275, 2021 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33116299

RESUMEN

There is an urgent need to create novel models using human disease-relevant cells to study severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) biology and to facilitate drug screening. Here, as SARS-CoV-2 primarily infects the respiratory tract, we developed a lung organoid model using human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC-LOs). The hPSC-LOs (particularly alveolar type-II-like cells) are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and showed robust induction of chemokines following SARS-CoV-2 infection, similar to what is seen in patients with COVID-19. Nearly 25% of these patients also have gastrointestinal manifestations, which are associated with worse COVID-19 outcomes1. We therefore also generated complementary hPSC-derived colonic organoids (hPSC-COs) to explore the response of colonic cells to SARS-CoV-2 infection. We found that multiple colonic cell types, especially enterocytes, express ACE2 and are permissive to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Using hPSC-LOs, we performed a high-throughput screen of drugs approved by the FDA (US Food and Drug Administration) and identified entry inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2, including imatinib, mycophenolic acid and quinacrine dihydrochloride. Treatment at physiologically relevant levels of these drugs significantly inhibited SARS-CoV-2 infection of both hPSC-LOs and hPSC-COs. Together, these data demonstrate that hPSC-LOs and hPSC-COs infected by SARS-CoV-2 can serve as disease models to study SARS-CoV-2 infection and provide a valuable resource for drug screening to identify candidate COVID-19 therapeutics.


Asunto(s)
Antivirales/farmacología , COVID-19/virología , Colon/citología , Evaluación Preclínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Pulmón/citología , Organoides/efectos de los fármacos , Organoides/virología , SARS-CoV-2/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , COVID-19/prevención & control , Colon/efectos de los fármacos , Colon/virología , Aprobación de Drogas , Femenino , Xenoinjertos/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Pulmón/virología , Masculino , Ratones , Organoides/citología , Organoides/metabolismo , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Estados Unidos , United States Food and Drug Administration , Tropismo Viral , Internalización del Virus/efectos de los fármacos , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19
3.
Nat Methods ; 19(4): 418-428, 2022 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35396481

RESUMEN

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is one of the deadliest pandemics in history. SARS-CoV-2 not only infects the respiratory tract, but also causes damage to many organs. Organoids, which can self-renew and recapitulate the various physiology of different organs, serve as powerful platforms to model COVID-19. In this Perspective, we overview the current effort to apply both human pluripotent stem cell-derived organoids and adult organoids to study SARS-CoV-2 tropism, host response and immune cell-mediated host damage, and perform drug discovery and vaccine development. We summarize the technologies used in organoid-based COVID-19 research, discuss the remaining challenges and provide future perspectives in the application of organoid models to study SARS-CoV-2 and future emerging viruses.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Células Madre Pluripotentes , Adulto , Humanos , Organoides , Pandemias , SARS-CoV-2
5.
J Antimicrob Chemother ; 79(8): 1951-1961, 2024 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38863365

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are ranked as top-priority organisms by WHO. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising antimicrobial agents that are highly effective against serious bacterial infections. METHODS: In our previous study, a series of α-helical AMPs were screened using a novel multiple-descriptor strategy. The current research suggested that S24 exhibited strong antimicrobial activity against major pathogenic bacteria, and displayed minimal haemolysis, good serum stability and maintained salt resistance. RESULTS: We found that S24 exerted an antimicrobial effect by destroying outer membrane permeability and producing a strong binding effect on bacterial genomic DNA that inhibits genomic DNA migration. Furthermore, S24 exerted a strong ability to promote healing in wound infected by P. aeruginosa, A. baumannii and mixed strains in a mouse model. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, S24 showed good stability under physiological conditions and excellent antimicrobial activity, suggesting it may be a potential candidate for the development of serious bacterial infection treatment.


Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Acinetobacter , Acinetobacter baumannii , Antibacterianos , Pruebas de Sensibilidad Microbiana , Infecciones por Pseudomonas , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Infección de Heridas , Acinetobacter baumannii/efectos de los fármacos , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/efectos de los fármacos , Animales , Infección de Heridas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infección de Heridas/microbiología , Ratones , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Acinetobacter/microbiología , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Pseudomonas/microbiología , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Péptidos Antimicrobianos/farmacología , Péptidos Antimicrobianos/química , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Permeabilidad de la Membrana Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , ADN Bacteriano/genética
6.
New Phytol ; 243(3): 936-950, 2024 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38831647

RESUMEN

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that transfer sugars to various targets. They play important roles in diverse biological processes, including photosynthesis, cell motility, exopolysaccharide biosynthesis, and lipid metabolism; however, their involvement in regulating carbon metabolism in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 has not been reported. We identified a novel GT protein, Slr1064, involved in carbon metabolism. The effect of slr1064 deletion on the growth of Synechocystis cells and functional mechanisms of Slr1064 on carbon metabolism were thoroughly investigated through physiological, biochemistry, proteomic, and metabolic analyses. We found that this GT, which is mainly distributed in the membrane compartment, is essential for the growth of Synechocystis under heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, but not under autotrophic conditions. The deletion of slr1064 hampers the turnover rate of Gap2 under mixotrophic conditions and disrupts the assembly of the PRK/GAPDH/CP12 complex under dark culture conditions. Additionally, UDP-GlcNAc, the pivotal metabolite responsible for the O-GlcNAc modification of GAPDH, is downregulated in the Δslr1064. Our work provides new insights into the role of GTs in carbon metabolism in Synechocystis and elucidate the mechanism by which carbon metabolism is regulated in this important model organism.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas , Carbono , Glicosiltransferasas , Synechocystis , Uridina Difosfato N-Acetilglucosamina , Synechocystis/metabolismo , Synechocystis/genética , Synechocystis/crecimiento & desarrollo , Carbono/metabolismo , Glicosiltransferasas/metabolismo , Glicosiltransferasas/genética , Proteínas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas Bacterianas/genética , Uridina Difosfato N-Acetilglucosamina/metabolismo , Regulación Bacteriana de la Expresión Génica , Eliminación de Gen
7.
Respir Res ; 25(1): 340, 2024 Sep 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39285462

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The reference values of eNO have certain differences among people of different countries and races. We aimed to obtain the reference value of eNO in healthy children and adolescents (6-18 years old) in China and to explore the associations between the reference values with ages, gender, heights, BMI, and regions. METHODS: We measured FeNO50 levels in 5949 healthy Chinese children and adolescents, FeNO200 and CaNO levels in 658 participants from 16 provinces of 7 administrative areas in China aged 6-18. All persons were studied after obtaining informed consent from children and their parents. RESULTS: The mean FeNO50 of 5949 Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-18 years was 14.1 ppb, with a 95% confidence interval of 1-38.1 ppb. The mean FeNO200 of 658 persons was 6.9 ppb with a 95% upper confidence interval of 15.0 ppb, and the mean CaNO was 3.0 ppb with a 95% upper confidence interval of 11.2 ppb. In the 6-11 age group, age and height were correlated with the logarithm of FeNO50 (P < 0.001, P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between the logarithm of FeNO200 and gender, age, height and BMI (all P > 0.05). The logarithm of CaNO was correlated with gender (P < 0.05). In the 12-18 age group, gender, height, and region were correlated with the logarithm of FeNO50 (all P < 0.001). There was only a weak correlation between the logarithm of FeNO200 and height (P < 0.001). The logarithm of CaNO was negatively correlated with age (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Higher FeNO50, FeNO200 and CaNO values were found in healthy children and adolescents in China compared with foreign reports, and is affected by age, height, gender, and region. This study provides useful references for clinical application of eNO in children, especially Asian children.


Asunto(s)
Pruebas Respiratorias , Espiración , Óxido Nítrico , Humanos , Adolescente , Niño , Masculino , Femenino , Valores de Referencia , China/epidemiología , Óxido Nítrico/análisis , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Estudios Transversales , Espiración/fisiología , Pruebas Respiratorias/métodos , Voluntarios Sanos , Factores de Edad
8.
Circ Res ; 130(7): 963-977, 2022 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35255712

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Increasing evidence suggests that cardiac arrhythmias are frequent clinical features of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Sinus node damage may lead to bradycardia. However, it is challenging to explore human sinoatrial node (SAN) pathophysiology due to difficulty in isolating and culturing human SAN cells. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) can be a source to derive human SAN-like pacemaker cells for disease modeling. METHODS: We used both a hamster model and human ESC (hESC)-derived SAN-like pacemaker cells to explore the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection on the pacemaker cells of the heart. In the hamster model, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining were used to detect viral RNA and protein, respectively. We then created a dual knock-in SHOX2:GFP;MYH6:mCherry hESC reporter line to establish a highly efficient strategy to derive functional human SAN-like pacemaker cells, which was further characterized by single-cell RNA sequencing. Following exposure to SARS-CoV-2, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunostaining, and RNA sequencing were used to confirm infection and determine the host response of hESC-SAN-like pacemaker cells. Finally, a high content chemical screen was performed to identify drugs that can inhibit SARS-CoV-2 infection, and block SARS-CoV-2-induced ferroptosis. RESULTS: Viral RNA and spike protein were detected in SAN cells in the hearts of infected hamsters. We established an efficient strategy to derive from hESCs functional human SAN-like pacemaker cells, which express pacemaker markers and display SAN-like action potentials. Furthermore, SARS-CoV-2 infection causes dysfunction of human SAN-like pacemaker cells and induces ferroptosis. Two drug candidates, deferoxamine and imatinib, were identified from the high content screen, able to block SARS-CoV-2 infection and infection-associated ferroptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Using a hamster model, we showed that primary pacemaker cells in the heart can be infected by SARS-CoV-2. Infection of hESC-derived functional SAN-like pacemaker cells demonstrates ferroptosis as a potential mechanism for causing cardiac arrhythmias in patients with COVID-19. Finally, we identified candidate drugs that can protect the SAN cells from SARS-CoV-2 infection.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Ferroptosis , Humanos , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , SARS-CoV-2 , Nodo Sinoatrial/metabolismo
10.
Respir Res ; 23(1): 182, 2022 Jul 12.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35831898

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To establish the predicted value of pulmonary function determined by impulse oscillometry (IOS) in children (4-17 years old) in China. METHODS: A total of 6270 healthy children aged 4-17 years in China were included. The Master Screen IOS pulmonary function device (Jaeger Co, Germany) was used to detect the respiratory impedance (Zrs), resonant frequency (Fres), respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and respiratory system reactance (Xrs) at various oscillation frequencies, and the indices above were analysed. Stepwise multivariate regression was used to establish the regression equation of related parameters of IOS in different sexes, ages, height, and weight. RESULTS: The differences in the main IOS parameters between different age stages were statistically significant regardless of sex (P < 0.05). The stepwise multivariate regression analysis showed that IOS parameters were related to height, age, and weight, and most IOS parameters were most closely related to height (the absolute value of the regression coefficient was the largest). With increasing age and height, the values of Z5, R5, R20, R5-R20, and Fres decreased, while the value of X5 increased. Through height, age, and weight, we obtained the normal predicted values equation of children's IOS parameters. Compared with the other reference equations, our reference equation is more suitable for Chinese children. CONCLUSIONS: The study revealed the reference values of IOS parameters in healthy Chinese children. In the evaluation of results for lung function measurements, this predicted value equation is more consistent with the characteristics of Chinese children than other reference equations. CLINICAL TRIAL: ChiCTR: 1800019029.


Asunto(s)
Pulmón , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , China , Humanos , Oscilometría/métodos , Valores de Referencia , Pruebas de Función Respiratoria/métodos , Espirometría
11.
Environ Sci Technol ; 56(2): 1162-1173, 2022 01 18.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34985261

RESUMEN

Anti-fog sprays and solutions are used on eyeglasses to minimize the condensation of water vapor, particularly while wearing a mask. Given their water-repellent properties, we sought to characterize per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substance (PFAS) compounds in four anti-fog spray products, five anti-fog cloth products, and two commercial fluorosurfactant formulations suspected to be used in preparing anti-fog products. Fluorotelomer alcohols (FTOHs) and fluorotelomer ethoxylates (FTEOs) were detected in all products and formulations. While 6:2 FTOH and the 6:2 FTEO polymeric series were predominant, one anti-fog cloth and one formulation contained 8:2, 10:2, 12:2, 14:2, and 16:2 FTOH and FTEO polymeric series. PFAS concentrations varied in samples and were detected at levels up to 25,000 µg/mL in anti-fog sprays and 185,000 µg (g cloth)-1 in anti-fog cloth products. The total organic fluorine (TOF) measurements of anti-fog products ranged from 190 to 20,700 µg/mL in sprays and 44,200 to 131,500 µg (g cloth)-1 in cloths. Quantified FTOHs and FTEOs accounted for 1-99% of TOF mass. In addition, all four anti-fog sprays and both commercial formulations exhibited significant cytotoxicity and adipogenic activity (either triglyceride accumulation and/or pre-adipocyte proliferation) in murine 3T3-L1 cells. Results suggest that FTEOs are a significant contributor to the adipogenic activity exhibited by the anti-fog sprays. Altogether, these results suggest that FTEOs are present in commercial products at toxicologically relevant levels, and more research is needed to fully understand the health risks from using these PFAS-containing products.


Asunto(s)
Fluorocarburos , Alcoholes , Animales , Flúor , Ratones
12.
Clin Chem Lab Med ; 60(10): 1518-1524, 2022 09 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35786439

RESUMEN

Pleural effusion (PE) is a common sign caused by various disorders. Microbiology, histology and cytology are reference standards for these disorders. However, these diagnostic tools have limitations, including invasiveness, high cost, long turnaround time, and observer-dependent. Soluble biomarkers in pleural fluid (PF) are promising diagnostic tools because they are mininvasive, economical, and objective. Recent studies have revealed that some cell-free nucleic acids (e.g., DNA, mRNA, microRNA, and lncRNA) in PF are potential diagnostic markers for many disorders. Here, we review the performance of PF cell-free nucleic acids for differentiating and stratification of PE.


Asunto(s)
Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células , Derrame Pleural Maligno , Derrame Pleural , Biomarcadores , Ácidos Nucleicos Libres de Células/química , Exudados y Transudados , Humanos , Derrame Pleural/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural/metabolismo , Derrame Pleural Maligno/diagnóstico , Derrame Pleural Maligno/metabolismo
13.
Mol Med ; 27(1): 105, 2021 09 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34503440

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Vaccination programs have been launched worldwide to halt the spread of COVID-19. However, the identification of existing, safe compounds with combined treatment and prophylactic properties would be beneficial to individuals who are waiting to be vaccinated, particularly in less economically developed countries, where vaccine availability may be initially limited. METHODS: We used a data-driven approach, combining results from the screening of a large transcriptomic database (L1000) and molecular docking analyses, with in vitro tests using a lung organoid model of SARS-CoV-2 entry, to identify drugs with putative multimodal properties against COVID-19. RESULTS: Out of thousands of FDA-approved drugs considered, we observed that atorvastatin was the most promising candidate, as its effects negatively correlated with the transcriptional changes associated with infection. Atorvastatin was further predicted to bind to SARS-CoV-2's main protease and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and was shown to inhibit viral entry in our lung organoid model. CONCLUSIONS: Small clinical studies reported that general statin use, and specifically, atorvastatin use, are associated with protective effects against COVID-19. Our study corroborrates these findings and supports the investigation of atorvastatin in larger clinical studies. Ultimately, our framework demonstrates one promising way to fast-track the identification of compounds for COVID-19, which could similarly be applied when tackling future pandemics.


Asunto(s)
Antivirales/farmacología , Atorvastatina/farmacología , Tratamiento Farmacológico de COVID-19 , Pulmón/efectos de los fármacos , Organoides/efectos de los fármacos , SARS-CoV-2/efectos de los fármacos , Antivirales/química , Atorvastatina/química , COVID-19/prevención & control , Línea Celular , Proteasas 3C de Coronavirus/química , ARN Polimerasa Dependiente de ARN de Coronavirus/química , Doxiciclina/farmacología , Aprobación de Drogas , Reposicionamiento de Medicamentos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Pulmón/virología , Modelos Biológicos , Simulación del Acoplamiento Molecular , Organoides/virología , Clorhidrato de Raloxifeno/química , Clorhidrato de Raloxifeno/farmacología , SARS-CoV-2/fisiología , Glicoproteína de la Espiga del Coronavirus/genética , Trifluoperazina/química , Trifluoperazina/farmacología , Estados Unidos , United States Food and Drug Administration , Vesiculovirus/genética , Internalización del Virus/efectos de los fármacos
14.
Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom ; 34(11): e8765, 2020 Jun 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32110840

RESUMEN

RATIONALE: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) present in oil spill samples are analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and gas chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS) using four different methods: (1) full scan (SCAN), (2) selected ion monitoring (SIM), (3) multiple reaction monitoring (MRM), and (4) pseudo multiple reaction monitoring (PMRM). This study quantifies the relative performance of these methods. METHODS: Novel experiments were designed to measure the signal-to-noise (S/N) ratios of all four methods. This was accomplished by spiking the crude oil with five deuterated PAHs (dPAHs) in two distinct ways: (1) varying the background noise by changing crude oil concentrations before spiking the samples with 1 ng/mL of dPAHs, and (2) varying the signal by spiking dPAHs concentrations of 0.5 and 5 ng/mL into a crude oil sample. RESULTS: The MRM method is the most selective and sensitive of the four methods. It also provides the lowest limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ). MRM is the optimal approach for quantifying PAHs in complex petroleum samples containing high levels of background noise. Also, our data show that the PAHs in complex oil spill samples can be quantified by MRM without using any complicated sample preparation steps. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our experimental data, the relative performance of the four methods used for quantifying PAHs in crude oil samples can be ranked as MRM > PMRM > SIM > SCAN.

15.
Nanotechnology ; 31(14): 145202, 2020 Apr 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31891919

RESUMEN

To widen the detection wavelength range and improve the detection sensitivity of SiC-based optoelectronic devices, the SiC/Ge/graphene heterojunction was fabricated by using wet transfer of the graphene following chemical vapor deposition. The Ge films on 4H-SiC(0001) have polycrystalline structure with nano-wire (NWs) and submicron spherical island (SIs) features. Due to the distinct light trapping effect of the Ge NWs, the SiC/GeNWs/graphene heterojunction has an absorbance of more than 90% in the 500-1600 nm range, which is higher than the SiC/GeSIs/graphene heterojunction. And the SiC/GeNWs/graphene heterojunction photodetector exhibits rectification ratio up to 25 at ±2 V and stable photoresponse to the NIR light at zero voltage bias.

17.
Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi ; 16(10): 997-1000, 2014 Oct.
Artículo en Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25344179

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To explore the features of pulmonary dysfunction in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) with different chest imaging findings. METHODS: The clinical data from 215 children with MPP were reviewed. These patients were grouped based on chest image findings (bronchopneumonia, n=125; lobar pneumonia, n=69; interstitial pneumonia, n=21). Lung function parameters including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), peak expiratory flow (PEF), and the maximum mid-expiratory flow rate (MMEF 25%-75%) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: In the acute stage, patients with bronchopneumonia had significantly lower PEF values (measured value and measured value/predicted value) than the other two groups of patients, children with lobar pneumonia had a significant lower MMEF 25%-75% than other patients, and children with interstitial pneumonia had a significantly lower FVC. All patients experienced an improvement in lung function parameters except FEV1 of the lobar pneumonia group in the recovery stage. CONCLUSIONS: Various features of pulmonary dysfunction can be observed among children with MPP with different chest imaging findings. Patients with bronchopneumonia mainly exhibit large airway dysfunction. The ones with lobar pneumonia mainly suffer small airway dysfunction, and those with interstitial pneumonia demonstrate both airway obstruction and restrictive ventilatory dysfunction.


Asunto(s)
Pulmón/fisiopatología , Neumonía por Mycoplasma/fisiopatología , Radiografía Torácica , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Volumen Espiratorio Forzado , Humanos , Masculino , Ápice del Flujo Espiratorio
18.
Sci Total Environ ; 940: 173667, 2024 Aug 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38823699

RESUMEN

The retention and mobilization of phosphate in soils are closely associated with the adsorption of iron (hydr)oxides and root exudation of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs). This study investigated the role of LMWOAs in phosphate mobilization under incubation and field conditions. LMWOAs-mediated iron (hydr)oxide transformation and phosphate adsorption experiments revealed that the presence of LMWOAs decreased the phosphate adsorption capacity of iron (hydr)oxides by up to ~74 % due to the competition effect, while LMWOAs-induced iron mineral transformation resulted in an approximately six-fold increase in phosphate retention by decreasing the crystallinity and increasing the surface reactivity. Root simulation in rhizobox experiments demonstrated that LMWOAs can alter the contents of different extractable phosphate species and iron components, leading to 10 % ~ 30 % decreases in available phosphate in the near root region of two tested soils. Field experiments showed that crop covering between mango tree rows promoted the exudation of LMWOAs from mango roots. In addition, crop covering increased the contents of total phosphate and available phosphate by 9.08 % ~ 61.20 % and 34.33 % ~ 147.33 % in the rhizosphere soils of mango trees, respectively. These findings bridge the microscale and field scale to understand the delicate LMWOAs-mediated balance between the retention and mobilization of phosphate on iron (hydr)oxide surface, thereby providing important implications for mitigating the low utilization efficiency of phosphate in iron-rich soils.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos Férricos , Fosfatos , Suelo , Compuestos Férricos/química , Suelo/química , Contaminantes del Suelo/análisis , Adsorción , Peso Molecular
19.
Hortic Res ; 11(1): uhad245, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38239810

RESUMEN

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is a globally important forage crop. It also serves as a vegetable and medicinal herb because of its excellent nutritional quality and significant economic value. Multi-omics data on alfalfa continue to accumulate owing to recent advances in high-throughput techniques, and integrating this information holds great potential for expediting genetic research and facilitating advances in alfalfa agronomic traits. Therefore, we developed a comprehensive database named MODMS (multi-omics database of M. sativa) that incorporates multiple reference genomes, annotations, comparative genomics, transcriptomes, high-quality genomic variants, proteomics, and metabolomics. This report describes our continuously evolving database, which provides researchers with several convenient tools and extensive omics data resources, facilitating the expansion of alfalfa research. Further details regarding the MODMS database are available at https://modms.lzu.edu.cn/.

20.
Front Pediatr ; 12: 1380189, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39301037

RESUMEN

Purpose: Cough and sputum are the most common clinical symptoms of acute respiratory tract infection. Ambroxol is a mucolytic expectorant commonly used in clinical practice. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and compliance of ambroxol hydrochloride spray (Luo Runchang ®) for the treatment of acute respiratory tract diseases in children. Methods: This was a multicenter, open-labeled, randomized controlled study. The experimental group received ambroxol hydrochloride oral sprays, and the control group received ambroxol hydrochloride oral solutions. The primary endpoint was the change in cough symptom scores from baseline. Secondary endpoints include changes in cough severity score, quality of life, adherence, and adverse events. Results: A total of 154 subjects were randomized and included in the analysis. The mean change of total cough symptom score of the spray group at the end of treatment was -4.7 (1.54) compared to -4.2 (1.62) in the solution group (P = 0.0005). The mean change of cough severity score was -5.7 (2.09) in the spray group compared to -5.2(2.04) in the solution group (P = 0.012). Quality of life scores significantly improved in the spray group (P < 0.0001) compared to the oral solution group. Medication adherence markers were significantly better in the spray group (P < 0.0001). The incidence of adverse events in the experimental group (1.33%) was lower than that in the control group (6.33%), but the difference between the groups was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Ambroxol hydrochloride spray significantly improved cough symptom score, cough severity score, and quality of life score compared to ambroxol hydrochloride oral solution.

SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA