[Diagnosis of ligament injuries of the ankle joint using exposures under pressure]. / Zur Diagnostik von Bandverletzungen des oberen Sprunggelenks mit gedrückten Aufnahmen.

Pressure exerted against the ankle joint during lateral exposures shows a typical form of subluxation of the talus in respect of the tibia if there has been rupture of the anterior fibulo-talar ligament. This displacement can be quantified by using the standard technique of Seiler and Holzrichter. Retrospective evaluation of exposures carried out with pressure in 206 patients with stretching or rupture of the ligaments of the ankle joint have shown that stretching can be diagnosed if the joint space reaches 7 mm, and a rupture can be diagnosed with a joint space of 11 mm. If there is a difference of more than 5 mm in the joint space of the two joints, a rupture is present. With these criteria, 85% of all ligament injuries can be correctly diagnosed. In the remaining 15%, early arthrography provides the necessary information.

[A device for the preparation of crushed cortical bone (author's transl)]. / Ein Gerät zur Herstellung von Kortikalismehl.

The advantage of autologous cancellous bone grafts in sites of weak osteogenic potency has long been appreciated. It now needs to be tested whether crushed cortical bone can be used for bone induction in sites of strong osteogenic potency. The grinding device described here enables the preparation of bone dust of variable particle size under sterile conditions.

[Etiology of femur head necrosis and coxarthrosis (demonstrated by 166 surgical cases at the Eppendorf University Orthopedic Clinic)]. / Atiologie der Hüftkopfnekrose und Koxarthrose (aufgezeigt an 166 operierten Fällen der Orthopädischen Universitätsklinik Eppendorf).

Surgical therapy had become necessary in 166 patients who had been referred to hospital with the diagnosis of necrosis of the femoral head or osteoarthrosis of hip. In these patients, the osteoarthroses of hip and necroses of the femoral head were observed separately. The secondary osteoarthroses based on a necrosis of the femoral head were classified among the latter group. We also differentiated between the following age groups: 0-20 years, 20-50 years, 50-70 years and over 70 years; the form of therapy also served as a means of distinction.

The rise of blood sugar as an additional parameter in traumatic shock.

Besides the known cardiovascular effects of hemorrhagic shock, regular metabolic consequences can be demonstrated in the rabbit: 1. The rise in blood sugar in hemorrhagic shock increases with the amount of blood withdrawn per unit of time. 2. The characteristic rise in blood sugar lasts longer than the phase of the partial exsanguination. 3. In traumatic shock, the rise in blood sugar indicates the degree of severity of the injury earlier than the fall in blood pressure does. The rise in blood sugar is attributable to a reflex increase in glycogenolysis due to catecholamine secretion elicited via baroreceptors in hemorrhagic shock. For the pronounced rise in blood sugar in traumatic shock, an additional receptor is postulated. Supplementary investigation of the blood sugar may possibly enable the extent of the injury to be diagnosed earlier in traumatic shock, and the negative sequelae may be reduced by timely, adequate therapy.

The rise of blood sugar as parameter for the degree of severity of hemorrhagic shock in the rabbit.

Besides the known cardiovascular effects of hemorrhagic shock, the following regular metabolic consequences can be demonstrated in rabbits: The rise in blood sugar in hemorrhagic shock increases with the amount of blood withdrawn per unit time. The rise in blood sugar is independent of the state of consciousness or Nembutal anesthesia. The characteristic rise in blood sugar lasts longer than the partial exsanguination phase. The rise in blood sugar is attributed to an increased glycogenolysis due to a reflex triggering of catecholamine secretion via the baroreceptors in hemorrhagic shock. More attention to metabolic consequences of hemorrhagic shock may possibly give rise to consequences for diagnosis and therapy of shock.